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Biomedical subjects

R Green

Publications and source records attributed to R Green.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Childhood sexual identity, childhood religiosity, and "homophobia" as influences in the development of transsexualism, homosexuality, and heterosexuality.

We have studied the interaction between boyhood cross-gender behavior, "homophobia," and religiosity in men raised as Catholics who, during adulthood, considered themselves transsexual, homosexual, or heterosexual. The sample consisted of 43 transsexual, 78 homosexual, and 43 heterosexual subjects matched for age, race, educational level, and economic status. The transsexual men recalled the most "feminine" behavior during boyhood, followed by the homosexual men. The heterosexual group was most "homophobic," followed by the transsexuals. "Homophobia" positively correlated with religiosity among adult transsexuals and heterosexuals. Transsexuals, recalling childhood, perceived their parents as being more religious than did the homosexuals. At intermediate levels of "femininity," greater "homophobia" scores were associated with more transsexual characteristics. These data support the thesis that early developmental aspects of sexual identity, and later concerns over homosexuality that are partly of a religious derivative, may contribute to a transsexual outcome.

Attitude↗
PubMed1981

Ionic requirements of proximal tubular fluid reabsorption flow dependence of fluid transport.

The effects of changes in luminal flow rate on fluid absorption in rat renal proximal convoluted tubules were studied by continuous luminal and peritubular microperfusion methods. Luminal flow rate was varied over a range from 5 to 45 nl . min-1, and the effects of transepithelial chloride and bicarbonate gradients were tested. Fluid absorption across the proximal convoluted tubule increased with luminal flow rate in the absence of luminal bicarbonate and organic solutes but in the presence of transepithelial chloride and bicarbonate gradients and active sodium transport. Augmenting perfusion rate from 5 to 45 nl . min-1 resulted in an increase of volume absorption from 0.49 to 3.37 nl . min-1 per millimeter length of tubule-1. The chloride concentration change in the collected perfusate decreased from 5.9 to 2.6 mEq . liter-1 . mm length tubule-1 over the same perfusion range. Thus, tubular chloride concentration rises with perfusion rate such that the steepest transepithelial chloride gradients are maintained at the highest flow rates. Flow dependence continued, albeit at reduced rate, in the absence of active sodium transport (cyanide perfusion) but in the presence of chloride and bicarbonate gradients. Flow dependence disappeared in the absence of both active sodium transport and transepithelial anion gradients. Luminal and peritubular perfusion experiments with symmetrical bicarbonate-free solutions that contained only phosphate buffer showed that even under those conditions fluid movement driven by cyanide-sensitive active transport increased with flow rate.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Pernicious anemia in blacks. A study of 64 patients from Washington, D. C., and Johannesburg, South Africa.

In a collaborative study from Washington, D. C., and Johannesburg, South Africa, the clinical, laboratory, and immunologic features of 64 black patients (25 male, 39 female) who had pernicious anemia were studied. Mean age at diagnosis was 53 +/- 20 years (mean +/- SD); 29.6% of the patients were under 40 years of age, and 14% were 30 years of age or younger. This suggests that there may be an earlier age of onset of pernicious anemia amongst blacks than the reported age incidence in whites. Serum anti-intrinsic factor blocking antibodies were found in 25 of 37 patients tested (67.5%). There was a significantly higher incidence of the antibody in women (85%) than in men (50%) (P < 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of pregnancy on glucose reabsorption by the proximal convoluted tubule in the rat.

1. Free-flow micropuncture techniques were used to investigate glucose, sodium and water reabsorption along the proximal convoluted tubule in 7-8 day pregnant rats undergoing saline or glucose infusion and in virgin controls. 2. Absolute proximal tubular reabsorption of glucose was greater in pregnant animals than virgins during both saline and glucose infusion; and fractional reabsorption of glucose was higher in pregnant than in virgin animals during glucose infusion. 3. During glucose loading, less glucose escaped reabsorption in the proximal tubule in pregnant than in virgin animals. It is concluded that the increased excretion of glucose observed in pregnant rats cannot be due to failure to proximal tubular mechanisms. 4. During saline infusion pregnant animals had a higher single nephron glomerular filtration rate (S.N.G.F.R.) when compared with virgin animals and a corresponding increase in reabsorption of sodium and water. The small increases in S.N.G.F.R. and sodium reabsorption in pregnant animals (compared with virgin animals) during glucose infusion were not statistically significant. 5. Fractional reabsorption of sodium (and water) along the proximal convoluted tubule was not significantly different in the four series. It is concluded that glomerulo-tubular balance operates during pregnancy.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Glucose transport by short loops of Henle in the rat.

1. Short loops of Henle were artificially perfused with saline solutions containing 5 or 0 mM-glucose in the presence and absence of phlorizin. 2. Net fluid reabsorption was greater when glucose but no phlorizin was present than in all other series. 3. Glucose was reabsorbed from glucose-containing perfusate and this was abolished by phlorizin. Secretion of glucose occurred into the perfusate which initially contained no glucose and this secretion was enhanced by phlorizin. 4. Sodium reabsorption was inhibited by phlorizin, when glucose was present, but enhanced by phlorizin when glucose was absent. 5. It can be shown that there is secretion of some osmotically active solute in all series. Its secretion is enhanced by phlorizin in the absence of glucose.

Absorption↗
PubMed1981

Enhancement of iron chelation by desferrioxamine entrapped in red blood cell ghosts.

We have exploited the physiologic mechanism for removal of red cells from the circulation to target the iron chelator desferrioxamine to reticuloendothelial iron stores. Compared with free desferrioxamine injected intravenously, the same dose of desferrioxamine entrapped in resealed red blood cell ghosts resulted in a fourfold to fivefold increase in excretion of radioiron in rats with a selective 59Fe radiolabel of reticuloendothelial iron stores. Desferrioxamine in red cell ghosts did not enhance excretion in rats with selective radiolabeling of parenchymal iron stores. In rats with uniformly radiolabeled iron stores, desferrioxamine in red cell ghosts produced an eightfold to ninefold greater loss of iron in the urine free desferrioxamine intravenously or by slow subcutaneous infusion. Desferrioxamine in red cell ghosts resulted in significantly greater fecal excretion of iron than intravenous desferrioxamine, but desferrioxamine in red cell ghosts and subcutaneous desferrioxamine infusion resulted in similar fecal iron excretion. Clinical application of the red cell ghost method for administration of desferrioxamine and other iron chelators may ber useful for improvement of iron chelation efficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Surgical treatment of occlusive subclavian artery disease.

Thirty-eight patients underwent operations for subclavian artery stenosis over a 12-year period. Nineteen patients had neurologic symptoms and 12 had claudication or ischemia. The classic subclavian steal syndrome was rare. Twenty patients underwent carotid subclavian bypass and 14 underwent subclavian endarterectomy using a cervical or thoracic approach. Follow-up data were available in 35 of 38 patients (average follow-up 36 months). Thirteen of the 14 patients who underwent endarterectomy remained asymptomatic and showed no evidence of restenosis (average follow-up 53 months). Of the 20 patients who had carotid subclavian bypass, Dacron was the graft material used in eight patients and autogenous saphenous vein was used in 12. Thrombosis occurred in five of 12 saphenous vein grafts, two immediately after operation, one at 2 months and two at 10 months. An anastomotic stenosis was identified and corrected in one patient 38 months postoperatively. Recurrent or persistence of symptoms was directly related to graft failure. Thrombosis or stenosis did not occur in any of the Dacron grafts. All patients had some relief of symptoms. Subclavian endarterectomy or carotid subclavian bypass with Dacron gave excellent long-term results. Autogenous saphenous vein were unsatisfactory for these short bypasses.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Enterohepatic circulation of cobalamin in the nonhuman primate.

Biliary excretion of cobalamin was studied in baboons after intravenous injection of 57Co-radiolabeled cyanocobalamin. Radioactivity appeared in bile after 20 min, and up to 4.4% of the dose was recovered in 6 h. It was estimated that 4 microgram cobalamin traverses the baboon biliary tract each day. These studies in the nonhuman primate confirm that there is considerable biliary excretion of cobalamin and that enterohepatic circulation of the vitamin is important for maintenance of normal cobalamin balance.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clinical trial of desferrioxamine entrapped in red cell ghosts.

Ten patients with excess body iron stores of different levels and with different diagnoses were given desferrioxamine inside osmotically lysed and resealed red blood cells (red cell ghosts). Red cell ghost entrapped desferrioxamine was given intravenously and, ten days later, an equal dose of desferrioxamine was administered via slow subcutaneous infusion over 10 h. Differences were apparent for these single dose challenges with respect to the pattern of urine iron excretion and the efficiency of iron chelation. The red cell ghost method consistently improved the efficiency of chelation, especially in patients with modestly increased body iron stores. This method of treatment may therefore prove to be of particular value in the patient with early siderosis who is embarking on a programme of regular transfusion for refractory anaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Auricular exchondrosis associated with prominent ears.

Exchondrosis of the pinna, a generally ignored posterior cartilaginous protuberance, may take on unusual clinical significance with regard to otoplasty. A case is presented and an attempt is made to unify disparate genetic and anatomical literature.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Effects of pregnancy on glucose handling by rat kidneys.

1. Glomerular filtration rate (g.f.r.), and renal reabsorption and excretion of glucose, sodium and potassium were measured in 7-8 day pregnant rats and age-matched (12-13 week old) virgin controls undergoing saline and glucose infusions. 2. Pregnancy was associated with an increased g.f.r. and a decreased urine flow rate during both infusions. 3. During saline infusion, more glucose was excreted in pregnant animals than in virgins but with no significant difference in fractional reabsorption. During glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less glucose than virgins, owing to a decrease in the filtered load but with no significant difference in fractional reabsorption. 4. During both saline and glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less sodium than virgin controls. 5. During saline infusion, pregnant animals excreted more potassium. During glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less potassium than control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

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Hospitals↗