The pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of butriptyline from conventional and a sustained release (SR) formulation have been studied in a panel of 14 volunteers. A single oral dose of 75 mg butriptyline hydrochloride was administered and a 2 X 2 latin square design was followed. Pharmacokinetic modelling has shown that the plasma butriptyline concentration/time profile is adequately described by a two-compartment open model; good agreement was obtained for the model-fitted and measured parameters. The SR formulation was shown to possess sustained release characteristics as evidenced by the increase in Tmax for 2.6 to 7.5 h, the decrease in Cmax from 46.5 to 10.3 ng ml-1, and a three-fold increase in 'half-value duration' (HVD). The changes have been achieved without any significant decrease in the relative bioavailability of the SR formulation. The half-life of butriptyline in plasma was about 20 h and was not formulation dependent.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of macrocheilia.

The authors report 27 cases of macrocheilia, discussing each cause individually. They classify macrocheilia according to its etiology, emphasizing the importance of an accurate diagnosis in treating the disease. The operative technique indicated for each cause is discussed. The technique basically consists of a fusiform resection, which may include a larger or smaller amount of lip tissue depending on the disease process. The incision may be interrupted at the mid-lip and W-plasty or lateral Z-plasties may be used to avoid the formation of dog ears.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer-specific worry interference in women attending a breast and ovarian cancer risk evaluation program: impact on emotional distress and health functioning.

Intrusive thoughts about cancer, often identified as 'cancer-specific worries' or 'cancer-specific distress', have been postulated to be associated with dysfunction in women at increased risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer. The current study discusses the development and validation of a measure designed to assess women's perceptions of the interference such worries create in their daily functioning. Analyses revealed that approximately two-thirds of a high-risk breast cancer clinic sample perceived worries about breast cancer as interfering with their functioning across a variety of life domains. Multiple regression analyses indicated that worry interference scores predicted Profile of Mood States (POMS) Anxiety and Confusion, and Short Form-36 (SF-36) Role-Emotional and Mental Health scores after the effects of other variables such as frequency of worry about breast cancer, and having a family history of cancer had been considered. Women who perceived their worries as interfering with their functioning reported higher levels of anxiety and confusion, and diminished mental health and role functioning. The results add to the expanding area of anxiety/distress in at-risk populations by providing (1) a direct measure of the perceived interference associated with breast cancer-specific thoughts, (2) a validation of the measure via its associations with standard measures of emotional distress and health functioning, and (3) evidence of the measure's incremental predictive value in explaining distress and quality of life, after consideration of background variables, such as having a family history of cancer.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological screening of plant decoctions commonly used in Cuban folk medicine.

Pharmacological screening for cardiotonic, hypotensive or bronchodilator activities was performed on 50 plant species depending on their traditional medical use by the Cuban population. Eleven of these species may have promise as therapeutic agents, but additional preclinical pharmacological and toxicological studies are needed to establish their therapeutic effectiveness and safety in human disease.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Medical management of cutaneous malignancies.

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Antineoplastic Agents↗