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Biomedical subjects

R Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to R Friedman.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Archival storage of clinical laboratory data.

This paper describes a data-base system for the maintenance of cumulative clinical data. A unique aspect of this data base is its ability dynamically to alter its two-level format to create an alternative three-level hierarchical structure in order to optimize retrieval efficiency. The relative advantages of these two types of data-base structures are discussed and examples of their use in clinical resrarch are presented.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1976

Genetic predisposition and stress-induced hypertension.

When chronically exposed to an approach-avoidance conflict, rats with a genetic susceptibility to hypertension showed persisten elevations in systolic blood pressure, but rats with a genetic resistance to hypertension did not. Hence, psychic stress is selectively efficacious in producing hypertensive effects depending on genetic predisposition of the animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The modulus of elasticity of human cortical bone: an in vivo measurement and its clinical implications.

The modulus of elasticity was derived by combining the velocity of ultrasound measurements and photon absorption (Norland-Cameron method) in human cortical bone (proximal radius) in vivo. The results compare favorably with published values of the elasticity modulus obtained in vitro. Values obtained for a heterogeneous group of patients with bone and joint complaints differed from those of normal volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Stimulus controllability and the latent inhibition effect.

The effects of stimulus controllability on latent inhibition was examined in instrumental and classical conditioning. Rats allowed control over stimulus termination prior to avoidance conditioning exhibited no retardation of avoidance learning whereas subjects yoked to these rats with respect to pattern and amount of stimulus exposure but given no control over stimulus termination were retarded. However, groups of rats differentiated only by control over stimulus termination, prior to classical conditioning, were equally and severely retarded in the acquisition of a classically conditioned response as indexed by the CER technique. The results were discussed in terms of a learning hypothesis of latent inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Issues involved in the treatment of an adolescent group.

At first we had a lot of information about what to expect from an adolescent group. But we quickly found an enormous gap between our information and the actual experience and gut feelings. It is important to anticipate many overwhelming feelings! It is also crucial for therapists to be open and honest with themselves and each other about their counter-transferences. Second, we discovered that it is not hopeless! However, it is essential to provide structure via firm, consistent limits and goals. Adolescents need to feel protected by therapists who can manage the group's turbulence. Third, creative techniques frequently provide ways of dealing with feelings. Four, a treatment group cannot survive with too many acters-out; one or two may add spice and give permission to others to recognize and express feelings. Also, despite the often chaotic atmosphere, serious treatment takes place. It has been helpful to have Mrs. Friedman as our supervisor. At critical points, when we were overwhelmed, she helped with her objectivity and support, offering a clearer vision of actual treatment issues when feelings were high. At times when we felt depleted, Mrs. Friedman's support replenished us and we were able to return to the group with enthusiasm. In conclusion, it has been fun working as co-therapists. We have found that the sharing and mutual confrontation contributed significantly to our professional growth.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1974

Effects of septal lesions on latent inhibition and habituation of the orienting response in rats.

In Experiment I, the latent inhibition effect; i.e., retardation of conditioned response acquisition when a previously presented but not reinforced stimulus is subsequently used as the conditioned stimulus, was investigated in normal and septal-lesioned rats. Normal animals subjected to 30 nonreinforced CS presentations prior to CS-shock pairings, were retarded in active avoidance acquisition compared to normal animals given no nonreinforced CS presentations. The same manipulation failed to produce such a difference in septal-lesioned rats. In Experiment II, while drinking, thirsty normal and septal-lesioned rats were exposed to the same stimulus which served as CS in Experiment I. The course of suppression of on-going drinking was used as a measure of orienting response habituation. Since no differences in habituation were found between normal and septal-lesioned subjects, the deficiency of septal-lesioned rats in latent inhibition cannot be due to impairment of orienting response habituation. These results, in addition to other septal deficits, were discussed with respect to a theory of septal deficiency which suggests that septal lesions result in an impairment in situations which involve a discontinuity of response and reinforecement.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Computer identification of bacteria on the basis of their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.

A computer program utilizing a Baysean mathematical model was developed to identify bacteria solely on the basis of their antibiotic sensitivities. The model contains probability data on the antibiotic sensitivity patterns for 31 species of bacteria, which account for over 99% of all isolates submitted to our laboratory for testing. During a 4-month test period, antibiotic sensitivity data on 1,000 clinical isolates were processed by the program. The identification achieved by using the model was the same as that of the laboratory for over 86% of the isolates.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1972

The defect in the Hurler and Scheie syndromes: deficiency of -L-iduronidase.

Skin fibroblasts cultured from patients affected with the Hurler or Scheie syndromes (mucopoly-saccharidoses I or V, respectively) have a functional deficiency of a protein required for catabolism of sulfated mucopolysaccharide that has been designated the "Hurler corrective factor." We now show Hurler factor purified from normal human urine to be associated with alpha-L-iduronidase activity. Cell lines deficient in Hurler corrective factor have no detectable activity of alpha-L-iduronidase (less than 3% of that found in cells from individuals of other genotypes). Such correspondence indicates that Hurler corrective factor and alpha-L-iduronidase are the same entity. Correction of deficient cells is accompanied by an efficient uptake of alpha-L-iduronidase from the medium.

Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗