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Biomedical subjects

R Finn

Publications and source records attributed to R Finn.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Management of patients with renal failure complicated by cerebral oedema.

Dialysis disequilibrium due to cerebral oedema still causes a significant degree of both morbidity and mortality. We discuss the management of 5 such cases and demonstrate the improved stability during treatment with continuous veno-venous haemofiltration. This may be due to the improved osmotic stability during haemofiltration with a resultant decrease in the osmotic gradient across the blood-brain barrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neuronal uptake and metabolism of 2- and 6-fluorodopamine: false neurotransmitters for positron emission tomographic imaging of sympathetically innervated tissues.

The neuronal uptake and metabolism of 2-fluorodopamine (2F-dopamine), 6-fluorodopamine (6F-dopamine) and tritium-labeled dopamine were compared in heart, submaxillary gland and spleen of rats to assess the utility of 18F-labeled 2F- or 6F-dopamine for positron emission tomographic imaging of sympathetically innervated tissues. Tritiated dopamine with and without 2F- or 6F-dopamine, or tritiated 2F-dopamine alone, were injected i.v. into rats that were or were not pretreated with desipramine to block catecholamine neuronal uptake or with reserpine to block vesicular translocation of catecholamines. Tissue and plasma samples were obtained at intervals up to 1 hr after injections. At 1 hr after injection of tritiated dopamine, tritium-labeled norepinephrine, dopamine, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and dihydroxyphenylglucol accounted for less than 2% of the tritium in plasma but up to 92% of that in tissues; tritiated norepinephrine accounted for 70% or more of the tritium in tissues. In contrast, at 1 hr after injection of tritiated 2F-dopamine, tritiated 2F-norepinephrine accounted for 30 to 46% of the tritium in tissues. Desipramine and reserpine pretreatment blocked the tissue accumulation of tritiated and fluorinated dopamine as well as their dihydroxy-metabolites, indicating that accumulation of exogenous norepinephrine and dopamine analogs was within sympathetic storage vesicles. Relative to the doses of dopamine precursors, less 2F- and 6F-norepinephrine accumulated in tissues than tritiated norepinephrine, due largely to inefficient beta-hydroxylation of fluorinated dopamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Human serum antibodies reactive with dietary proteins. IgG subclass distribution.

The isotype distribution of human IgG antibodies reactive with common dietary proteins has been evaluated in sera from adult patients with the irritable bowel syndrome and with bronchial asthma using a solid-phase immunoassay (ELISA). In both these medical disorders, serum antibodies reactive with ovalbumin or gliadin were restricted predominantly to the IgG4 isotype; however, IgG antibodies reactive with bovine milk antigens, notably casein, were often restricted to both the IgG2 and IgG4 isotypes. A similar serum IgG antibody isotype distribution for these dietary protein antigens was also demonstrated in IgG antibody-positive healthy adults. These data amplify the view that production of antibodies of the IgG4 isotype may reflect a normal immune response to dietary protein antigens presented at mucosal surfaces.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Human serum antibodies reactive with dietary proteins. Antigenic specificity.

The antigenic specificity of human serum IgG antibodies reactive with common dietary proteins has been evaluated by competitive binding using a solid-phase immunoassay (ELISA). Antibodies reactive with bovine milk antigens were shown to be reactive predominantly with casein, rather than alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, gamma-globulin or albumin. Furthermore, sera containing antibodies reactive with bovine casein, wheat gliadin and chicken ovalbumin showed competitive binding only by each respective dietary protein antigen. IgG4 antibodies specifically reactive with ovalbumin, gliadin or casein were also not cross-reactive in competitive binding studies. Furthermore, both IgG2 and IgG4 anti-milk antibodies showed significant inhibition only with bovine casein, and not with alpha-lactalbumin or beta-lactoglobulin. These data are relevant to concepts regarding the immunobiological role of antibodies of the IgG4 isotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Acute renal failure following Yersinia pseudotuberculosis septicaemia.

Although Yersinia pseudotuberculosis has not been previously reported to cause acute renal failure, it accounted for two cases reported here out of eighty referrals with acute renal failure to our renal unit over the last year. This may suggest that the incidence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis may be greater than that previously reported, and it should be suspected in patients presenting with bloody diarrhoea in association with renal failure. The septicaemic form of the disease is life threatening and requires intensive supportive therapy.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

Oral administration of erythrocyte membrane antigen does not suppress anti-Rh(D) antibody responses in humans.

The effects of prior oral administration of erythrocyte membrane preparations (Oral Rh antigen) on the serum anti-Rh(D) antibody response has been evaluated in non-sensitized Rh(D)-negative male volunteers, and in female volunteers sensitized previously by Rh(D)-positive fetal blood during pregnancy. Sixty-one percent (11/18) of males who received oral Rh antigen (either D-positive or D-negative) before intravenous challenge with Rh(D)-positive cells produced detectable antibodies; of these 11, six received oral Rh(D)-negative antigen and five received oral Rh(D)-positive antigen. Seventy-two percent (13/18) of control males, who had received no prior oral Rh antigen, produced antibodies following challenge with Rh(D)-positive cells. Three out of six pre-sensitized females who received oral D-positive or D-negative Rh antigen for 4 weeks, but without intravenous challenge, increased their anti-Rh(D) antibody levels which peaked after 11-18 weeks: two had received Rh(D)-positive antigen, and one Rh(D)-negative antigen. These data indicate that administration of oral Rh antigen before parenteral immunization does not significantly suppress the anti-Rh(D) antibody response. Indeed, oral administration of either Rh(D)-positive or Rh(D)-negative antigen can boost systemic antibody in pre-sensitized females. These results do not support the rationale of treating Rh-sensitized pregnant women with oral Rh antigen.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Two behavioral states studied in a single PET/FDG procedure: theory, method, and preliminary results.

We have developed a method that allows two sets of regional cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (rCMRglc) to be obtained in a single extended procedure using positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). This is an adaptation of the deoxyglucose method, with the addition of a second injection of FDG immediately after completion of the first scan, then followed 30 min later by a second scan. A model has been developed to allow for correction of measured tracer concentration in the second scan by subtracting the predicted remnant from the first scan. The possible applications of this method in studying behavior-metabolism relationships are demonstrated. The preliminary results show 6%-12% changes in rCMRglc values for appropriate brain regions when the behavioral state is altered, but show 0%-5% change in rCMRglc values when the behavioral state is unchanged. The method can contribute significantly to the understanding of behavior-metabolism relationships by allowing the noninvasive study of two behavioral states in a single PET procedure.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

Fulminant infections of odontogenic origin.

The dentition is a common source of infection in the head and neck and most odontogenic infections respond uneventfully to proper dental therapy. Some more fulminant odontogenic infections can produce complications including airway obstruction, necrotizing fasciitis, and extension of the infection to the orbits, intracranial structures, and thorax. Six such cases treated by the authors are presented and recommendations for management including aggressive antimicrobial, therapy-based bacteriology and surgical drainage and debridement are made.

Airway Obstruction↗