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Biomedical subjects

R Fauchet

Publications and source records attributed to R Fauchet.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Properdin factor B (Bf) polymorphism: subtyping of SS phenotypes.

The authors have studied the genetic polymorphism of the properdin factor B (Bf) by the isoelectrofocusing technique. The SS phenotypes, all similar on agarose gel electrophoresis, were shown to be heterogeneous after isoelectrofocusing; this heterogeneity corresponds to the expression of two new suballeles SA and SB, inherited in a codominant manner. Gene frequencies for 121 individuals with SS phenotype are 0.57 for SA, and 0.43 for SB.

Alleles↗
PubMed1983

[Enzymatic evaluation of blood donors].

Enzymatic, immunologic and hematologic dosages were performed in a group of blood donors. A significant part of this population showed anomalies in the enzymes, either isolated or associated and of variable importance. A systematic serological study of viral hepatitis A (VHA) and viral hepatitis B (VHB) was performed among these donors with biochemical anomalies. A more general biological study (immunology and hematology) completes this work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

An HLA-All association with the hemochromatosis allele?

Two hundred and seventy-four patients with hemochromatosis and 1005 controls were HLA-typed, and HLA haplotypes were determined for 163 patients and 123 controls. The increased frequency of antigen A3 and haplotypes A3, B7 and A3, B14 in patients with hemochromatosis was confirmed. After correction for the space taken up by A3, a significant increase in All was found. This increase could not be explained by cross reaction between A3 and All. All showed a phenotype association and a haplotype link with Bw35. The genetic significance of this increased All frequency is discussed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1983

A prospective study of the relationship between relapse of hyperthyroid Graves' disease after antithyroid drugs and HLA haplotype.

One hundred and eleven unselected patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease received decreasing doses of carbimazole for 18 months. Clinical examination and hormonal assays (serum T3, T4, free T4 index) were done at 4, 9, and 18 months of treatment. Patients were typed for 35 HLA antigens and were followed for 2 yr after withdrawal of treatment; 39 patients were excluded for various reasons and 72 were retained for study. Of the 72 patients, 37 relapsed and 35 remained in remission; 40 patients were DR3+ (20 relapsed) and 32 were DR3- (17 relapsed). HLA frequency was not significantly different in patients who relapsed and those who remained in remission. Thus, under the conditions of this study, HLA frequency could not be used to predict relapse of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease.

Carbimazole↗
PubMed1983

Properdin factor B (Bf) and glyoxalase in Graves' disease.

Patients with Graves' disease were phenotyped for properdin factor B (Bf) and glyoxalase, which are coded for by genes mapping close to the HLA region on the sixth chromosome. Frequency data were analysed in relation to HLA-A, -B and -DR typing data. Diagnosis of Graves' disease was based on the usual criteria including elevated T3 and T4 levels and free T4 index and a homogeneous thyroid scan. Ninety-four patients with Graves' disease were phenotyped for properdin factor B (Bf) and 37 for red cells glyoxalase (GLO). HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens were typed in 94 patients using a lymphocyte microcytotoxicity assay. The frequency distribution of Bf and GLO alleles showed no significant differences from control subjects. This finding contrasts with the reports of an increased frequency of BfF1 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The difference in the two diseases which are both associated with an increased frequency of the antigen combination D8-DR3, is accounted for by linkage disequilibrium between B18 and BfF1.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1983

[The HLA-DR determinants in chronic inflammatory rheumatism].

The authors present a study of the incidence of HLA-DR antigens in 113 controls and in a Breton population suffering from chronic inflammatory rheumatism. They found 80 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and found a significant increase incidence of the DR4 antigen in rheumatoid arthritis (54% compared with 19.5%; pc less than 10(-4); RR = 4.8) and a decreased incidence of the DR2 antigen (12.5% compared with 35%; pc less than 10(-2); RR = 0.27). The increased incidence of DR4 does not seem to be related to the presence of rheumatoid factor. Out of the 95 cases of chronic inflammatory rheumatism treated, 33 cases of drug intolerance (cutaneous and/or renal to gold salts or D-penicillamine) were reported. The authors found a decreased incidence of the DR2 antigen in the patients who presented a drug intolerance, which was partially significant in the group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (p less than 0.04; pc less than 0.3). This is an important argument in favour of the supposed protective role of this antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of blood transfusions on kidney transplants].

In a retrospective study involving 24 transplantation centres and 858 cadaveric kidney recipients, a number of transfusion factors affecting transplant survival were identified. The best results were observed with the most intensive transfusion schedules including at least one transfusion per month. The optimal number of transfusions varied from 6 to 20. However, it was impossible to determine whether a minimal interval was required between the last perfusion and transplantation, or whether the effect of each transfusion was limited in time. Qualitatively, it appeared that whole blood and packed red cells gave better results than leucocyte-deprived blood. Moreover, fresh blood taken less than 3 days before the transfusion clearly proved more effective than blood stored for more than 5 days. All this suggests that live leucocytes and platelets may be important factors. The mechanism by which blood transfusions improve the outcome of kidney transplants remains unknown.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1982

HLA profiles in multiple sclerosis suggest two forms of disease and the existence of protective haplotypes.

261 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were HLA-A and -B typed and 94 were HLA-D typed. The results were compared to those of controls typed for HLA-A; HLA-B (356) and HLA-D (113). We confirm and extend earlier findings (Oger et al. 1980b) that some phenotypes could modulate the expression of the MS susceptibility gene linked to B7-DR2: DR3 was found together with DR2 in 12/94 MS and only 3/113 controls and could be marker for an "augmentor" gene. In contrast, B35 and DR1 as well as B12 and DR7 could be markers of protector genes. We compared typing results of patients subgrouped on clinical features. 61 patients with progressive evolution showed increased A1, A1-B8, B8-DR3 and A1-B8-DR3 when compared to 200 patients with remitting evolution. When compared to controls both groups showed increased B7 but only the remitting group showed increased DR2. 71 patients with "benign MS" showed increased B7-DR2 and A3-B7-DR2. 54 patients with "severe disease" showed increased DR3 and A1-B8-DR3 when compared to controls. Both groups showed increased B7 (49.2% and 44.4% versus 25.5% for controls). 120 patients treated greater than 5 years with azathioprine were divided into "no progression" and "progression" while treated. Both groups showed increased B7 when compared to controls. DR2 was increased only in the "no progression" group. B8-DR3 and A1-B8-DR3 were found increased in the "progression" group only. We conclude that two forms of MS exist with different HLA profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A monoclonal antibody to the HLA-A3 alloantigen.

Monoclonal antibody production recognizing the HLA-A3 antigen is described. The XI-23 antibody reacted with all of the 89 cell suspensions carrying the HLA-A3 antigen (100% cytotoxicity) among a total of 191 suspensions tested. No extra-reactivity or cross-reactivity was observed, particularly with that of HLA-A11. This antibody can thus be considered as a good HLA-typing reagent.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Allogeneic responses in vitro induced by fetomaternal alloimmunization.

The present study was undertaken in order to determine what type(s) of pregnancy-induced allogeneic reaction could alter MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) reactivity in routine HLA-D typing of lymphocytes in multiparous women (MW) possessing antibodies against paternal HLA-DR antigens. Unresponsiveness to homozygous typing cells (HTC) representing a paternal and probably fetal HLA-DR determinant was frequently observed. Kinetics experiments ruled out an early secondary proliferative response to HTC representing the paternal HLA-D determinant, which would be missed in a classical long-term mixed lymphocyte culture. Direct cytotoxicity against paternal or panel target cells was not always associated with inhibition of proliferative response to the same stimulator cell. Specific anti-HLA-DR blocking activity (antibodies?) in the supernates of restimulation reactions of lymphocytes from MW could be responsible for this inhibitory effect. Moreover, the study points to the existence of suppressor cells in the immunized MW acting independently of specific restimulation. The in vitro suppression appeared to be selective, restricted to cells sharing HLA-D linked structures with the suppressor cells, and suggests that auto-regulator mechanisms could be induced in pregnancy in order to modulate antibody production.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

[Mesenteric neurofibromatosis. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of severe Recklinghausen's disease, revealed early in infancy, by spinal deformities and then by severe dislocations with kypho-scoliosis surgically treated by anterior and posterior fusion. Other localisations of neurofibromatosis were present, especially bones and skin. During the disease's course a wide sub-cutaneous tumor of the chest wall was removed. Two years later a large abdomino-pelvic tumor of the mesentery was discovered and also removed. Histologic examination showed it to be related to Recklinghausen's disease and malignant. The authors analyse the risk of malignant degeneration of this tumor with relation to previous surgical treatment.

Female↗