Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Fauchet

Publications and source records attributed to R Fauchet.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Vaccination of dental surgeons against viral hepatitis B].

One hundred dental surgeons practising in western France were immunized against hepatitis B virus, using the same batch of HEVAC B vaccine from the Pasteur Institute. The vaccine was very well tolerated. Seroconversion at 10 m IU/ml was 94% after 3 injections and 98% after the booster dose. From a kinetic study of anti-HBs antibodies we were able to determine different levels of post-immunization serological response and to classify responders as very good, good and fairly good. The effectiveness of the booster dose was manifest after 10 days. In view of the efficacy and safety of this vaccine, confirmed by other studies in sanitary personnel, we do not hesitate to recommend it to dental surgeons exposed to the disease.

Dentists↗
PubMed1985

Association of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with HLA-DR7.

Seventy-four American white thyroid cancer patients were typed for HLA-A, B, and DR antigens. A significant increase in HLA-DR7 was found in the nonradiation-associated thyroid cancer patients (42.5%, 20/47 cases), compared to 22.8% of 979 normal controls. The association is stronger in the follicular and mixed papillary-follicular subgroup (52.0%, 13/25 cases, P corrected less than 0.01). The occurrence of various malignancies in family members was found in 57.9% of HLA-DR7 positive patients, versus 20% of HLA-DR7 negative patients, in a retrospective record review. Although the frequency of HLA-DR7 was not increased in the radiation-associated thyroid cancer patients (22.2%, 6/27 cases), the interval from the irradiation date to the onset date of thyroid cancer was shorter in HLA-DR7 positive cases (17.3 +/- 6.2 years) than in HLA-DR7 negative patients (29.4 +/- 11.5 years). This data suggest that HLA-DR7 is associated with and may influence development of thyroid cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Is the HLA-linked haemochromatosis allele implicated in idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anaemia?

In order to assess the previously reported association of HLA-linked idiopathic haemochromatosis with idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anaemia (IRSA), the prevalence of HLA-A3 antigen in a group of 22 patients with IRSA was compared to that observed in healthy controls and in patients with homozygous idiopathic haemochromatosis and to that calculated for a population heterozygous for idiopathic haemochromatosis. The prevalence of A3 in patients with IRSA (0.23) was quite similar to that observed in controls (0.29) and significantly different from that observed in homozygous (0.73; P less than 10(-5] and heterozygous (0.57; P less than 10(-3] haemochromatosis. Serum iron, transferrin saturation, serum ferritin and liver iron concentration showed no difference in IRSA patients with or without A3. It is concluded that there is neither systematic association between the haemochromatosis allele and IRSA nor systematic implication of such an allele in the development of iron overload observed in IRSA.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Expression of HLA-A and -B antigens on differentiating U-937 cells.

Cells from the human immature monocytoid cell line U-937 were induced with 12-O-Tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to differentiate towards macrophage-like cells. The expression of HLA-antigens during differentiation was examined with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against monomorphic and polymorphic determinants. Class II antigens could be detected neither on uninduced nor on TPA-induced U-937 cells. While the expression of HLA-A3 did not change significantly during differentiation, the "supertypic" specificities HLA-Bw4 and Bw6 as well as the "private" specificity HLA-B18 could be detected only on a drastically decreased number of cells after 4 days of exposure to TPA. This may imply a selective loss of HLA-B molecules from the cell membrane and therefore a separate regulatory control of HLA-A and -B antigens.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1985

Factor B (Bf) and glyoxalase genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The frequency distribution of alleles controlled by the factor B (Bf) and glyoxalase genes that are found close to the HLA system on chromosome 6 was studied in 170 insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The data were compared with those for HLA-A, -B and -DR antigens and were related to age of onset of diabetes. All the diabetics were ketosis prone and on permanent insulin therapy. A significant excess of BfF1 was seen in the diabetic patients (p less than 10(-4]. Glyoxalase frequency distribution showed no significant deviation from controls, whereas HLA-DR3 (p less than 10(-4] HLA-DR4 (p less than 10(-4] were increased. Breakdown of data by age of diagnosis of disease showed no increase in the frequency of BfF1 and GLO1-2 but an increase of HLA DR3 and DR4 in patients with early onset diabetes. The findings of the study are consistent with data reported by others investigators and support the notion that one or more genes mapping close to the HLA A. B and DR and to the Bf loci confer susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

Genetic analysis of idiopathic hemochromatosis using both qualitative (disease status) and quantitative (serum iron) information.

An ongoing family study of idiopathic hemochromatosis in Brittany, France, allowed us to investigate the segregation of this trait and its linkage and association to the HLA-A locus in 147 pedigrees, comprising 1,408 individuals with over 900 characterized for relevant biological parameters and typed for HLA. The joint consideration of affection status and serum iron concentration reveals no dominance effect on the latter trait and documents the increased information afforded by the consideration of a biological correlate of liability to affection for disease exhibiting incomplete penetrance. Our overall results are in general agreement with published results on a Utah family study.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Long-term follow-up study of compensated low-dose 131I therapy for Graves' disease.

We treated 187 patients who had Graves' disease with low-dose radioactive iodide (131I), using a protocol that included a compensation for thyroid size. The incidence of early hypothyroidism (12 per cent) was acceptably low in the first year after 131I treatment, but we found a cumulative high incidence (up to 76 per cent) at the end of the 11th year. In contrast, the incidence of permanent hypothyroidism was relatively stable in 166 surgically treated patients, increasing from 19 to 27 per cent at the end of 11 years. Among 122 medically treated patients, only 40 per cent entered remission, and hypothyroidism developed in 2 per cent during the same period of follow-up. The long-term incidence of hypothyroidism in our patients treated with low-dose 131I therapy was much higher than that found in earlier studies using a comparable dose. Our study suggests that it will be difficult to modify therapy with 131I alone to produce both early control of thyrotoxicosis and a low incidence of hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Increase of lymphocytic H-Y antigen in female 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

H-Y antigen was found to be increased in lymphocytes from 10 female 21-hydroxylase deficiencies, suggesting a correlation between the degree of virilization of these patients and their H-Y + lymphocytes proportions. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate the ability of a 46,XX female subject to produce, in some circumstances, an excess of H-Y antigen.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1984

Influence of HLA-A, B, and DR matching on the outcome of kidney transplant survival in preimmunized patients.

The outcome of 893 prospectively typed (HLA-A, B, and DR) and matched cadaveric kidney transplants--all first grafts, with patients being transfused before transplantation--was studied using actuarial survival methods. The effect of HLA-A, B and DR matching was only found to be significantly beneficial to graft survival in the group of 289 presensitized recipients: 70% and 43% graft survival at two years in the case of best-matched (4-6 HLA-A, B, and DR) identities versus mismatched (0 and 1 HLA-A, B, and DR) identities, respectively (P = 0.05). Although a cumulative effect of matching for antigens belonging to the 3 HLA-A, B, and DR series was observed among the group of preimmunized recipients, a trend arose in favor of the prominent role of the HLA-B alleles. No significant difference related to HLA matching was observed in the group of nonsensitized recipients. These results confirm previous observations and support efforts to give priority for matched kidneys to preimmunized patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Anti-HLA-A2 and -A28 monoclonal antibody: production and study of the cross-reaction.

An anti-HLA-A2 and -A28 monoclonal antibody, XV.17, has been prepared by immunizing a Balb/c mouse with PBL. This XV.17 monoclonal antibody is a cytotoxic IgM. Its reactivity was tested by lymphocytotoxicity test and indirect immunofluorescence technique, in parallel with an alloantiserum ORA having the same anti-HLA-A2, -A28 reactivity pattern, against different panels. Family studies were undertaken. Absorptions-elutions and cytofluorometry experiments were performed to study the cross-reaction. The XV.17 monoclonal antibody is cytotoxic against all the HLA-A2 and -A28 tested cells, and is absorbed by HLA-Aw23 and -Aw24 cell suspensions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

An anti-mouse macrophage monoclonal antibody reacting with T-derived leukaemic cells.

Hybridomas secreting anti-mouse macrophage antibodies were obtained by fusing a murine plasmacytoma with lymphocytes of a rat immunized against mouse macrophages. An IgM, monoclonal antibody (3 A 35) reacted with mouse monocytes, macrophages and polymorphonuclear leucocytes. It did not bind appreciably to erythrocytes, platelets and unstimulated T or B lymphocytes. However, 3 A 35 bound to various murine T-derived leukaemic cells and to a small proportion of Con A-stimulated thymocytes. Cross absorption experiments confirmed the existence of a common antigenic determinant on macrophages and leukaemic cells. The possibility that 3 A 35 identified a previously described antigen common to macrophages and normal or leukaemic T cells was investigated. The antibody was tested against thymocytes and macrophages of various mouse strains, some congenic for H-2 or T1a. The 3 A 35-detected antigen was found to be different from Ly5, Tla and Qa and did not represent a I-J encoded allotypic specificity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Complement markers Bf and C4 in multiple sclerosis].

Some immunogenetic HLA markers are significantly correlated with multiple sclerosis, e.g.: the antigens B7, DR2, and the associations B7-DR2, A3-B7-DR2. In addition, the polymorphism of the allotypes Bf and C4 is also controlled by chromosome 6; a study of these markers is therefore of interest. The study of Bf and C4 in multiple sclerosis included a population of genotyped unrelated patients: 50 patients for Bf markers and 41 for C4A and C4B markers. This study revealed an over-representation of allotype S and homozygous BfSS in multiple sclerosis. BfSS homozygote was significantly more frequent in the B7 negative and/or DR2 negative patients, i.e. when the risk markers per se were absent. No correlation could be evidenced with the remittent or progressive character of the disease. These data, obtained from the study of C4, are still preliminary ones. The results found with the Bf markers confirm the existence of a genetic factor in multiple sclerosis and suggest that the susceptibility gene of the disease could be closer to locus Bf than to locus DR.

Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X↗
PubMed1983

[Relapse in Basedow's disease after treatment with synthetic antithyroid drugs. Prognostic value of analysis of the HLA system].

One hundred and eleven unselected patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease received decreasing doses of carbimazole for 18 months. Clinical examination and hormonal assays (serum T3, T4, free T4 index) were done at 4, 9 and 18 months of treatment. Patients were typed for 35 HLA antigens and were followed up for 2 years after withdrawal of treatment; 39 patients were excluded for various reasons and 72 were retained for study. Of the 72 patients, 37 relapsed and 35 remained in remission: 40 patients were DR3+ (20 relapsed) and 32 were DR3- (17 relapsed). HLA frequency was not significantly different in patients who relapsed and in those who remained in remission. Thus, under the conditions of this study, HLA frequency could not be used to predict relapse of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease. This study brings out an other interesting point: relapse frequency of about 50% focuses our attention on the limits of medical treatment.

Carbimazole↗