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Biomedical subjects

R F Canalis

Publications and source records attributed to R F Canalis.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Gunshot wound to the mandible with secondary neck injuries.

Four consecutive patients were initially seen with witnessed, low-velocity gunshot wounds to the mandible with deflection of the bullet into the neck, causing a life-threatening situation. The mechanics of injury were similar in all four patients who were shot at close range with a moderately heavy caliber handgun and sustained comminuted fractures from the parasymphyseal area to the ascending ramus of the jaw. Severe vascular injuries were seen in three cases and lacerations of the pharynx and cervical esophagus in one. Aggressive management of these injuries is recommended, with neck exploration after endoscopy playing a major role. Management of the mandibular fracture at the time of the initial surgery is favored. However, if roentgenograms are unavailable, reduction and fixation may need to be deferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Unsuspected esophageal foreign bodies in adults with upper airway obstruction.

Esophageal foreign bodies rarely cause respiratory distress in adults. While it is well known that upper airway obstruction can occur with esophageal foreign bodies in children, the otorlaryngologic literature mentions little of this problem in older patients. Two adults with airway obstruction from unsuspected esophageal foreign bodies are described, with emphasis on the problems of diagnosis and management. The possibility of an unsuspected esophageal foreign body should be kept in mind during the evaluation of respiratory distress in an adult, especially in one who is a poor historian or has a history of a psychiatric disorder. Early endoscopic removal in the treatment of choice, although esophagotomy may be required.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Congenital basal cell adenoma of the submandibular gland.

Basal cell adenoma is a specific type of monomorphic tumor of the salivary glands that closely resembles basal cell lesions of the skin. Twenty-six of these tumors have been reported in the American literature, the majority occurring in patients 60 years or older. The most common sites of occurrence have been the minor salivary glands (especially in the upper lip) and the parotid. We report an exceptional case of basal cell adenoma in the submandibular gland of a neonate. Review of reported congenital epithelial tumors of the salivary glands indicates that at least two similar neoplasms have been described previously.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

Temporal bone findings in rhabdomyosarcoma with predominantly petrous involvement.

Temporal bone rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors that occur almost exclusively in children. They arise most commonly in the middle ear, from which they extend through the mastoid and petrous portions of the temporal bone, eventually invading the cranium. We report the histopathologic findings of a rhabdomyosarcoma with anterior and medial displacement, predominantly involving the petrous bone. Recognition and separate study of this type of tumor is clinically important. Predominantly petrosal rhabdomyosarcomas are less prevalent than similar lesions with lateral expansion and tend to develop significant ear symptoms late in the course of the disease. When first diagnosed, these lesions usually exhibit signs of intracranial extension, and consequently are less amenable to treatment and are more rapidly fatal.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Granular cell myoblastoma involving the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

An unusual granular cell myoblastoma occurred surrounding the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Available information regarding the origin, biological behavior, and treatment of such tumors arising from the cervical trachea was reviewed. Frequently, the histologic features cause this lesion to be mistaken for a malignant tumor, and errors in diagnosis and treatment may be made. To our knowledge, encasement of a major motor nerve in the neck by a granular cell neoplasm has never before been reported. Since the overwhelming majority of these tumors behave in a benign fashion, we recommend that the surgeon attempt to spare functionally important nerves in rare instances when they are grossly surrounded by tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Necrotizing fasciitis. (Streptococcal gangrene) of the face. Report of a case and review of the literature.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare infection frequently preceded by trauma and usually caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. The disease is characterized by cutaneous necrosis, suppurative fasciitis, and vascular thrombosis. Associated systemic problems are common, with chronic alcoholism and diabetes being the most prominent. Involvement of head and neck structures is exceedingly rare, with only seven cases reported in the literature. We report an additional case that terminated fatally. Management requires high doses of aqueous penicillin G potassium given intravenously, early surgical drainage, and debridement of necrotic tissue. Mortality may be as high as 30%, and it is negatively influenced by delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Fibrous dysplasia: findings in a pre-Columbian skull.

An ancient Peruvian specimen (600 to 800 years old) with fibrous dysplasia involving the left frontoethmoidal region is discussed. The skull is that of a woman aged 20 to 30 years exhibiting marked deformity of the left frontal bone, ethmoids, orbit, and nasal wall. Plane radiographs and tomographic views demonstrate a heavily calcified, expanding process in the frontal region and replacement of the ethmoids by less dense osseous tissue. This specimen represents the second reported instance of fibrous dysplasia occurring in the Americas, further documenting the antiquity of the disease on this continent. The lesion is probably monostotic and has characteristics similar to the process as it is known today.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Neurogenic sarcoma of the head and neck.

We discuss our experience in the diagnosis and management of seven cases of neurogenic sarcomas of the head and neck. These uncommon tumors, which affect all ages, arise most frequently from the brachial plexus, sympathetic chain, and the cranial nerves or their branches. An enlarging mass is the most common initially appearing symptom. Diagnosis may be difficult and rests heavily on gross evidence of a relationship between the tumor and its nerve of origin. Histologically, the lesions are composed of spindle cells with varying degrees of pleomorphism in a pattern that is frequently undistinguishable from fibrosarcomas. Ultrastructural studies may be helpful in establishing the neurogenic origin of these tumors. Neurogenic sarcoma of the head and neck has an extremely poor prognosis. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment, although radiotherapy is important for palliation.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1979

A technique for pharyngeal reconstruction in heavily irradiated patients.

A technique for esophageal reconstruction using a staged deltopectoral tubed, pedicled flap has been highly successful in irradiated patients. The basic principle involves use of the neck skin as the posterior wall and the dorsal and lateral aspects of the tubed flap to form the anterior and lateral walls of the newly constructed pharynx. The ventral surface forms the cutaneous covering. The submental area and base of tongue are used for implantation of the distal end of the flap, taking advantage of the abundant blood supply of this area. It is a fail-safe method of reconstruction, particularly applicable in cases in which the local skin is of poor quality.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Nasopharyngeal rhabdomyosarcoma. A clinical perspective.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx is an uncommon tumor occurring almost exclusively in children. The clinical characteristics of 56 previously reported cases are analyzed and four patients recently treated at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences are described. Special attention has been given to the prognosis of these tumors as it relates to current methods of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Epidermoid carcinoma of the palate.

A retrospective study was made of 80 cases of epidermoid carcinoma of the palate that were treated at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences between 1955 and 1977. Tumor size larger than 3 cm, extension to neighboring structures, and contralateral, bilateral, and "fixed" lymph node metastases substantially decreased survival. The presence of ipsilateral nodes and the modality of treatment used (surgery or irradiation) did not appear to affect the outcome. Three-year cure rates for all cases was 40%. Ninety percent of recurrences took place during the first two years after treatment, and additional cancers developed in the upper aerodigestive tract of 20% of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ethmoidal mucoceles.

Twenty ethmoidal mucoceles were treated and observed for a minimum of two years after surgery. Unilateral exophthalmos was the initial complaint in all cases and nasal polyposis was a noteworthy finding in more than half of the patients. The lesions always extended into the orbit and usually eroded the floor of the frontal sinus. Exenteration through an ethmoidectomy approach was successful in 16 cases. Failure was due to recurrence of the mucocele in one case and in three cases to uncontrolled polypoid disease that produced recurrence of the exophthalmos. Long-term follow-up is mandatory since recurrences may take several years to occur.

Adolescent↗