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Biomedical subjects

R Elliott

Publications and source records attributed to R Elliott.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Dual perspectives: clients' and therapists' perceptions of therapist responses.

This study compares clients' and therapists' perceptions of individual therapist responses. Three segments of four responses each were sampled from early, middle, and late in actual therapy sessions with 16 client-therapist pairs. Using interpersonal process recall, both therapists and clients independently described their perceptions of the therapist's response intentions in their own session. They also rated the impact of therapist responses according to four variables, including response helpfulness and therapist empathy. Client-therapist agreements on intentions and impacts were computed using indices of both covariation and mean difference. Clients' and therapists' response-by-response reports of therapist intention were positively associated, but their average ratings for the session were not. On the other hand, their response-by-response ratings of impact were not associated, but their average ratings of helpfulness and affective impact were. Correlates of agreement were also studied. Contrary to expectations, length of therapeutic relationship was not correlated with client-therapist agreement: in fact, there was a trend toward lower agreement for client-therapist pairs of longer duration. Therapist experience also did not predict client-therapist agreement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

"That in your hands". A comprehensive process analysis of a significant event in psychotherapy.

This article illustrates a new approach to the study of change processes in psychotherapy. The approach involves selecting significant change events and analyzing them according to the Comprehensive Process Model. In this model, client and therapist behaviors are analyzed for content, interpersonal action, style and response quality by using information derived from Interpersonal Process Recall, client and therapist objective process ratings and qualitative analyses. The event selected for analysis in this paper was rated by client and therapist as significantly helpful. The focal therapist response was a reflective-interpretive intervention in which the therapist collaboratively and evocatively expanded the client's implicit meanings. The event involved working through an earlier insight and realization of progress by the client. The event suggests an association between subjective "felt shifts" and public "process shifts" in client in-therapy behaviors. A model, consistent with Gendlin's experiential psychotherapy (1970), is offered to describe the change process which occurred in this event.

Awareness↗
PubMed1977

Fate of cyst(e)ine synthesized by microbial activity in the ruminant caecum.

Cyst(e)ine synthesized by microorganisms in the caecum of sheep was labelled following the infusion of Na2 35SO4 into the terminal ileum. [35S]Cyst(e)ine activity was detected in the faeces, but not in plasma or wool. Appreciable absorption of 35S, presumably in the form of sulphide, into the circulation occurred, and its presence in saliva was demonstrated. It was concluded that nutritionally negligible quantities of cyst(e)ine are likely to be absorbed from the ovine large intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The true absorption of cyst(e)ine from the ovine small intestine.

Na234SO4 was infused into the rumen of a sheep fed a dried grass diet. 2. The digesta at the pylorus which contained 35S-labelled cyst(e)ine synthesized by the rumen microflora was collected and mixed with chromium EDTA. This material was infused into the duodenum of 35S free sheep. 3. Ileal digesta was subsequently collected and analysed for cyst(e)ine 35S and Cr. 4. The proportion of the labelled cyst(e)ine truly absorbed from the small intestine was 0-72 +/- 0-004.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pharmacokinetics of alcohol following single low doses to fasted and nonfasted subjects.

The absorption and elimination characteristics of alcohol have been studied in healthy fasted and nonfasted human volunteers using low single doses. In non-fasted subjects, carbohydrate reduced overall alcohol bioavailability by about 96 percent, compared to 90 per cent for fat and 75 per cent for protein. Inhibition of absorption in nonfasted subjects appeared to be due to less alcohol being available for absorption rather than a reduced absorption rate. Serum alcohol levels in fasted subjects were interpreted in terms of both first-order and zero-order absorption followed by first-order elimination. Of the two proposed models, that utilizing zero-order absorption provided a marginally better fit to observed data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Diuretics and small intestinal lymph flow in the dog.

Simultaneous measurements of thoracic duct lymph flow and small intestinal lymph flow were carried out in mongrel dogs after the administration of mannitol, ethacrynic acid, furosemide and chlorothiazide. Thoracic duct lymph flow increased only after injection of mannitol. Intestinal lymph flow increased after injection of all diuretics except chlorothiazide. Furthermore, mannitol produced simultaneous increases in thoracic duct and intestinal lymph flows. The durations of response of the increased lymph flows from each lymph channel produced by mannitol were statistically identical. The durations of increased intestinal lymph flows observed with each drug were: 40+/-3 (S.E.), 43+/-2 and 38+/-2 minutes for mannitol, ethacrynic acid and furosemide, respectively. Mean arterial blood pressures and inferior vena cava pressures did not change from the control to the experimental state in any animal studied. Similarly measurements of serum and lymph sodium, potassium and protein concentrations were unchanged from the control to the experimental state. These studies demonstrate that mannitol simultaneously increases thoracic duct lymph flow as well as intestinal lymph flow. Secondly, the results suggest that the increases in thoracic duct lymph flow after ethacrynic acid and furosemide administration, observed in previous studies arose primarily from the small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Sulphur and cystine incorporation into rumen microbial protein.

1. In three series of experiments, Na235so4 was infused into the rumen of sheep consuming a variety of diets. The specific activity of the sulphur in the rumen H2S pool, rumen bacteria and of the S in bacterial cystine were determined. 2. The results showed that, depending upon the diet, the proportion of total sulphur and cystine sulphur in rumen bacteria originating in the rumen H2S pool could be as low as 0-557 and 0-280 respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of incentive and preparatory interval on activity, heart rate, and reaction time in children.

To resolve certain empirical and theoretical difficulties concerning, primarily, the significance of phasic heart-rate deceleration prior to reaction signals, 48 children were employed to perform in simple reaction-time tasks while speed, heart rate, head movement, gross movement, and blink activity were recorded. The indeory intervals and level of incentives. Reaction time varied with incentive, with preparatory interval and mode of presentation. Phasic heart-rate deceleration varied with the intervals but not incentive or mode of presentation. There was little relation between deceleration and RT. Heart rate and somatic movement measures (especially of blinking) were roughly concordant at a group level but did not correlate.

Acoustic Stimulation↗