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Biomedical subjects

R E Harris

Publications and source records attributed to R E Harris.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pediatric hematologic and oncologic emergencies.

Acute hematologic-oncologic problems fall into two groups, those that require immediate assessment, diagnosis, and therapy, and those that require attention but are not life threatening if treated appropriately. Both types are considered in this article, which discusses hemorrhagic disorders; anemias, with special emphasis on patients with sickle cell disease; an approach to fever and infection in the immunocompromised child; and oncologic disorders that may be life threatening.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1981

Bladder versus renal bacteriuria during pregnancy: recurrence after treatment.

Localization of bacteriuria has been shown to correlate with the pattern of recurrence after treatment. The immunofluorescent technique was used to localize infection in 233 pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria to determine whether this would identify those who were at greater risk for recurrence. In both an indigent and a military population, the incidence of renal bacteriuria was 42%. Regardless of the site of infection, after one course of short-term (10-day) or long-term (21-day) antimicrobial therapy, almost two thirds of these women were abacteriuric for the remainder of gestation. Women given short-term treatment were more likely to have a recurrence within 2 weeks of completion of therapy than were women given long-term therapy (P less than 0.001). Moreover, these early recurrences were more frequent in women given short-term treatment for renal bacteriuria (P less than 0.05). Conversely, recurrences 6 or more weeks after completion of therapy, and regardless of site of infection, were more common in women given long-term treatment (P less than 0.01). Although the timing of recurrence varied significantly in relation to duration of treatment and site of infection, the ultimate risk of recurrence was not related to either. The conclusion is that localization of asymptomatic bacteriuria does not contribute to the management of pregnant women, since overall recurrence rates are independent of the site of infection.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed1981

Cystitis during pregnancy: a distinct clinical entity.

Acute cystitis during pregnancy is a distinct clinical entity characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms, the absence of systemic symptoms, and a positive urine culture. Over a 6-year period there were 9734 deliveries at Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center and 126 patients with acute cystitis, for an incidence of 1.3%. The majority of cystitis patients had a negative initial screening urine culture, and most cases of bladder infection occurred in the second trimester. The most common bacterial isolate was Escherichia coli. Only 17% of cystitis patients had a recurrence of urinary tract infection. All women were treated as outpatients with oral antimicrobial agents.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Methotrexate/L-asparaginase combination chemotherapy for patients with acute leukemia in relapse: a study of 36 children.

Cyclic administration of methotrexate (MTX) and L-Asparaginase (L-Asp) was utilized either as induction and maintenance chemotherapy or as maintenance chemotherapy alone following induction with other medications in treating 36 children with multiple relapses of acute leukemia. A complete remission rate (CR) of 67% was obtained in children with null-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The average length of remission was greater than four months. One of three patients with T-cell ALL and one of two patients with B-cell ALL achieved CR. In six cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), two patients achieved CR. One of two patients with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) negative myeloblastic transformation of Ph'-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) obtained a CR lasting 20 weeks. Toxicity secondary to the chemotherapy included bone marrow suppression, hepatic injury, nausea, diarrhea, stomatitis, and allergic reactions to L-Asp. One case of subacute necrotizing leukoencephalopathy was seen.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia. Use of continuous sulfamethoxazole-trimethroprim therapy.

Owing to a 15% attack rate of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (PCP) among the leukemic population of Riley Hospital, Indianapolis, a two-year study using continuous low-dosage sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim to prevent PCP was started in January 1977. A total of 229 pediatric cancer patients considered at high risk for getting PCP received prophylaxis, while 19 additonal low-risk cancer patients did not receive sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. None of these 248 patients contracted PCP. However, five cases of PCP did occur among ten additional high-risk patients who failed to receive this preparation for a variety of reasons. Complications of the continuous prophylaxis program included neutropenia, rash, and gastrointestinal complaints. This study confirms that continuous, low-dosage sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim prophylaxis is effective in preventing PCP in susceptible immunosuppressed patients but is ineffective in eradicating the organism from the population at risk.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Simulating strategies for control of Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena and T. ovis.

A deterministic model to compare various control strategies for parasites having two hosts is presented. When applied to Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena and T. ovis, the model shows that maximum progress would be achieved when both the definitive and the intermediate host are treated simultaneously. This type of model may prove of value in studies on the control of other two-host parasites.

Animals↗