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Biomedical subjects

R Dahl

Publications and source records attributed to R Dahl.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Oral and inhaled sodium cromoglycate in challenge test with food allergens or acetylsalicylic acid.

The prophylactic effect of oral and inhaled sodium cromoglycate (SCG) in challenge tests of patients with IgE-mediated food allergy or sensitivity towards acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was investigated. In food allergic patients SCG administered orally protected against an asthmatic reaction whereas inhaled SCG was without effect. In ASA sensitivity neither oral nor inhaled SCG protected the patients against bronchospasms. SCG seems to act on mucosal surfaces and may inhibit uptake of macromolecular antigens but not affect the absorption of ASA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Influence of relative humidity and repeated exercise on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

The relationship between previous exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) of different magnitude and the pulmonary response to exercise 1 h later was examined in asthmatic children. After acclimatization they performed repeated, paired exercise tests in a clean-air climatic chamber at 23 degree C. The first test of each pair was carried out in 15%, 50% and 85% relative humidity (RH), respectively, to produce different degrees of EIB. All second tests were performed in 50% RH. Changes in pulmonary function were assessed by measuring PEF and FEV1. Bronchodilatation during exercise was not influenced by RH, whereas dry air increased and humid air decreased the bronchoconstrictive response to exercise. When both tests were performed in 50% RH, the second test caused significantly less EIB than did the first test. However, no differences were found between the three second test responses. This suggests that the relative refractoriness after an episode of EIB is not related to the severity of previous bronchoconstriction, but could be associated with exercise as such or other mechanisms in EIB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Immune thrombocytopenia due to antazoline (Antistina).

Antazoline (Antistina)-induced thrombocytopenic purpura occurring on three occasions in a 21-year-old woman is reported. After withdrawal of the drug ther recovered promptly. In vitro investigation demonstrated the presence of an antibody in serum, which in association with antazoline caused complement fixation when added to test platelets. Also platelet agglutinins could be detected in the patient's serum when antazoline was added. The reactions were drug specific and they could still be demonstrated 9 months after the last exposure to the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Activation of blood coagulation during inhalation challenge tests.

Bronchial challenge tests were performed in 16 asthmatic subjects. Eight developed an immediate and eight a dual asthmatic response. In all patients serial blood samples were analysed for plasma recalcification time and Factor XII activation rate. In all instances a profound shortening of the recalcification time was found, but only in patients with a dual response could an increased activation rate of Factor XII be detected. A positive correlation, although weak, was found between the time of maximum shortening of recalcification time and the time of onset of the late reaction. The study suggests a relationship between activation of blood coagulation factors and the type of asthmatic response elicited after challenge test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of physical training on plasma citrate and exercise-induced asthma.

Plasma citrate was determined in seven asthmatic children exposed to 6 min treadmill running before and after 6 weeks of physical training. Resting plasma citrate concentration increased from 116 +/- 9 mumol/l (mean +/- SE) before to 158 +/- 11 mumol/l after training (p less than 0.02). Plasma lactate increase during exercise was lowered by training (p less than 0.02); the individual change correlated inversely with the training-induced rise in resting plasma citrate concentration (r = -0.77, p less than 0.05). The postexercise percentage fall in peak expiratory flow rate decreased from 32 +/- 13% before to 15 +/- 8% after training (p less than 0.05). The results agree with the hypothesis that an increased citrate concentration of tissues, by inducing an inhibition of phosphofructokinase, may be of regulatory importance for the decreased lactate accumulation following endurance training in man. In addition, a beneficial effect of training on exercise-induced asthma is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Clinical study of a new orally active chromone in asthma-proxicromil (FPL 57787).

The efficacy and safety of a new orally-active chromone, proxicromil, has been assessed in a single-blind controlled study in perennial extrinsic asthma. Patients entered into the study were currently requiring treatment with sodium cromoglycate (Intal; Lomudal) which was confirmed by deterioration of their asthma when changed to a placebo preparation of identical appearance. Proxicromil was administered for two consecutive 3-week periods using a dosage regimen of 18 mg twice per day for the first period followed by 18 mg four times per day for the second period. Patients improved during the 6 weeks' treatment with proxicromil. This improvement could be detected by the majority of patients by the end of the first week. When patient treatment was changed to a corresponding placebo for a final period of three weeks their asthma deteriorated. No abnormal laboratory findings of significance were detected on haematological, liver function or urinalysis examination. The side effects noted relate mainly to gastro-intestinal disturbances and generally were of a mild nature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Sodium salicylate and aspirin disease.

Patients with "aspirin disease" are often offered a diet devoid not only of food colorants and food preservatives but also of salicylic acid. In patients reacting with bronchial asthma after aspirin ingestion administration of large amounts of sodium salicylate did not elicit any reaction. It is therefore concluded that a less strict diet without exclusion of salicylate-containing food can be recommended.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1980

Effect of oral and inhaled sodium cromoglycate in exercise-induced asthma.

Ten patients with bronchial asthma reacting with bronchoconstriction after exercise were studied to compare the effect of oral sodium cromoglycate against sodium cromoglycate inhalation and placebo. Only sodium cromoglycate inhalations protected against exercise-induced asthma. The effect of sodium cromoglycate seems to be a local action of mucosal surfaces.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Development of late asthmatic reactions after allergen or exercise challenge tests.

In 10 asthmatic patients with exogenous allergy an immediate type asthmatic reaction was provoked by allergen inhalation and by exercise. No difference in the degree of bronchospasm or in the clinical picture could be detected after the two types of challenge, but only after allergen inhalation was a late asthmatic reaction observed. If the late asthmatic reaction is dependent on a foregoing reaction, this indicates that different mechanisms are responsible for the immediate reaction after allergen challenge and exercise challenge. Another possibility could be that the late asthmatic reaction is an independent and special type of asthma occurring after allergen challenge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by nebulised sodium cromoglycate in patients with bronchial asthma.

In this double blind study, 10 patients with bronchial asthma underwent exercise challenge on five occasions. The first of these was a control test carried out without prior drug administration; the other tests were preceded by the administration, in random order, of a sodium cromoglycate (SCG) capsule, a placebo capsule, an ampoule of sodium cromoglycate solution, and a placebo ampoule. Comparisons of the largest falls in PEFR after exercise showed statistically significant inhibition of exercise-induced bronchospasm, compared with control, with both SCG inhalation solution (P less than 0.01) and SCG powder (P less than 0.01). SCG powder was more active, but the difference was not significant. A significant difference in protection was found between SCG powder and its placebo (P less than 0.01). SCG inhalation solution was also more effective than its placebo, but the difference did not reach significance, since the latter conferred some protection.

Adolescent↗