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Biomedical subjects

R Chilla

Publications and source records attributed to R Chilla.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Amylase activity, protein concentration and flow rate of unstimulated human parotid saliva (author's transl)].

Unstimulated parotid saliva was collected of 90 persons without diseases of the salivary glands. Amylase activity, flow rate and protein concentration were determined in the 90 saliva samples. Saliva was collected under standardized conditions by means of a catheter introduced into the secretory duct. Amylase activity as well as flow rate and protein concentration are log-normally distributed in both unstimulated and stimulated parotid saliva. The donors' age had an influence on flow rates but not on amylase activity or protein concentration. The values obtained in the described manner of "healthy" persons (with respect to salivary glands) will be used as controls in clinical studies with persons suffering inflammatory and noninflammatory salivary gland diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effects of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on the isoamylases of rat-parotid gland.

The in vivo activity of rat-parotid isoamylases was increased following alpha-receptor block by phentolamine. Additional inhibition of the beta-receptors by propranolol did not further augment the isoenzyme activities. After 21 days, the isoamylase concentrations were even lower than after alpha-receptor block alone. Based upon these results, an alpha-receptor mediated discharge from the duct system of already secreted gland protein and a possible role of the alpha-receptors in protein secretion from the parotid gland are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Postoperative hyperamylasemia: determination of serum isoamylases following surgery of the parotid gland (author's transl)].

Postoperative hyperamylasemia is found in 6 to 32% of patients undergoing abdominal and extraabdominal surgery. The minority of these patients exhibited the clinical signs of a postoperative pancreatitis. Isoamylase analysis revealed that the rise was in the pancreatic-type isoamylases or in the salivary-type isoamylases. We found an elevation of serum amylase following surgery of the parotid gland in 18 out of 20 patients, but the amylase levels were still below the normal upper limit. In 12 cases the increase of amylase activity was due to an increase of the salivary and pancreatic components of the serum amylase. 6 patients showed an increase of the pancreatic component only. The causes of the non-specific hyperamylasemia could lie in the operation itself, in the intubation and in pharmacons used during anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Activity of parotid isoamylases in the ethionine-treated rat (author's transl)].

In order to investigate the effects of ethionine (an antagonist of the essential amino acid, methionine) on the enzyme synthesis in the rat-parotid gland, rats were fed methionine-deficient diet and treated with DL-ethionine for 4 and 10 days. Compared with the controls, not only the synthesis but also the secretion of parotid isoamylases was impaired by ethionine. Acinar isoamylase activities dropped initially but increased distinctly after 10 days of ethionine treatment, possibly due to intra- as well as extracellular impairment of acinar protein secretion. After another 10 days during which no ethionine was given, the described changes were no longer observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Flow rate, amylase and protein content of parotid saliva in sialadenosis (author's transl)].

Flow rate, protein concentration and amylase activity of parotid saliva were investigated in 17 patients with sialadenosis. The results were compared with the data obtained from 90 healthy controls. Total protein and amylase concentrations of saliva did not change although, under the influence of sialadenosis, the parotid gland clearly shows ultrastructural signs of disturbed protein secretion. Also the flow rates of parotid saliva were the same in sialadenosis patients and the control group. This can be explained by the patho-physiology of parotid secretion from the sialadenotic gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Restricted motility of the tongue--the reason for or a symptom of childhood speech disorders (author's transl)].

From the assessment of more than 1000 children aged 3 to 6 years is a significant relationship between articulation speech disorder s and defective motiiity of the tongue. In addition to this direct relationship there might be an indirect connection as well. A central nervous disorder could possibly be the common reility of 865 kindergarten children was examined by a test method developed by ourselves. At the same time the degree of language disturbance and of speech defect were measured. Whereas there was again language disturbance and tongue mobility, this latter defect has no influence on the kind of speech disorder observed. There is probably therefore no direct relationship between restricted tongue movement and articulation skills. It is important to consider whether articulation defects and restricted motility of the tongue have a common use in the central nervous system.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1978

[Dysphonia following strumectomy. Laryngeal and vocal cord changes as sequelae of thyroid surgery].

In 142 patients function and morphology of the larynx were clinically assessed before and after strumectomy. The postoperative incidence of irreversible recurrent nerve pareses amounted to 2.1% whereas incidence of pareses of the n. laryngeus superior was 1.4%. The rather high number of laryngeal asymmetries (49.3%) is, in most cases, reversible after strumectomy. The number of intubation injuries does not significantly differ from the figures obtained after intubation anesthetics based on other indications. Hyperkinetic dysphonia is partly reversible after strumectomy, an unspecific recuperation effect probably playing the most important role. In 3% of the cases the enlarged thyroid gland caused a venous congestion in the endolarynx. Dysphonia following strumectomy is, in most cases, not to be attributed to a lesion of the laryngeal nerves, although the diagnosis dysphonia should under no circumstances lead to an expectant, conservative "wait and see" attitude whenever such a dysphonia (paraphonia) occurs. On the contrary, an otorhinolaryngologic diagnosis and, if need be, therapy are mandatory in all such cases.

Aphonia↗
PubMed1978

[Advantages of cryosurgical treatment of malignant skin transformations in the region of the nose and auricle (author's transl)].

Since the beginning of 1974 70 basal cell carcinomas of the face were treated by cryosurgery at the ENT clinic in Göttingen. The cryosurgical removal of basalomas on a cartilagenous base (nose, auricle) avoids hospitalization of the patient and relieves the surgeon of a time-consuming plastic operation. Scar formation after cryonecrosis is, in general, excellent and cosmetically unobtrusive. All patients must undergo strict follow-up examinations since for the surgeon there is no histologic safeguarding by an "excision into healthy tissue".

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Protein and isoamylase content of rat-submaxillary gland under the influence of alpha- and beta-sympathicolysis.

In order to study the function of adrenergic receptors in the submaxillary gland in vivo, rats were treated with the alpha-sympathicolytic, phentolamine (Regitin) and with the beta-sympathicolytic, propranolol (Dociton) and the protein, amylase, and isoamylase content of their submaxillary glands were investigated. The protein concentration rises after 3 weeks of alpha- as well as combined alpha- and beta-sympathicolysis while the amylase concentrations remain, on the whole, unchanged. The pharmacologically induced secretory inhibitions are being discussed in connection with the generally accepted receptor functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

"Fast isoamylases" in the parotid saliva of children with cystic fibrosis and heterozygous carriers.

On electrophoresis, parotid saliva always exhibits a basic pattern of 6 isoamylases. Additional faster migrating isoamylases occur in varying numbers. These "fast isoamylases" are generated, at least in part, by deamidation. Compared with juvenile and adult controls, a significantly greater number of "fast isoamylases" was found in the parotid saliva of children with cystic fibrosis and their healthy heterozygous parents. A shift in the equilibrium between amidation and deamidation is discussed in terms of its possible connection with the metabolic defect responsible for cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[The "stimulatory proteodyschylia" in the amitriptylin (Laroxyl) treated rat parotid gland. Experiments on the effect of antidepressive pharmacotherapy on the parotid glands of the rat (author's transl)].

The activity of total amylase and isoamylases in the rat parotid gland is reduced by treatment with Amitriptylin (Laroxyl) for 3 and 7 days while the protein content of the glands remains constant. These changes are no longer visible after treatment for 21 days and following a period without drug application. To differentiate the disturbances of protein secretion (proteodyschylia) prominent in the clinical picture of sialadenosis, the following classification is proposed. We suggest the term "stimulatory proteodyschylia" for a decrease of acinar amylolytic activity, here caused by Amitriptylin application, as opposed to the "inhibitory proteodyschylia" characterized by an acinar amylase congestion.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1977

[Tongue as a reflector of cerebral and articulatory dysfunction. Tongue motility test for three- to five-year-old children].

The tongue motility test has been developed to test the motility of the tongue in three- to five-year-old preschool children. It examines the resting position of the tongue and the mobility of the tongue in relation to 9 different movement patterns of varying degrees of difficulty. The result of the test is represented by the number of points obtained (minimum = 0, maximum = 10). The results of a routine investigation of 865 children provide the normal value for the tongue motility test. This is especially related to the age and less to the sex of the subject. The significance of the tongue motility test for the diagnosis of "minimal cerebral dysfunction" and for the investigation of the stage of articulatory development of a child is discussed.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1977

[Fast isoamylases in saliva from mucoviscidosis patients (author's transl)].

Human parotid saliva is characterized by a basic pattern of 6 isoamylases; during ageing, it contains additional isoamylases which migrate faster towards the anode. An increasing number of 'fast isoamylases' are also found in saliva from mucoviscidosis patients. Their possible symptomatological significance for the pathogenesis of mucoviscidosis which is as yet not solved is being discussed.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1977

[Evoked response audiometry and vestibular examinations in patients with multiple sclerosis (author's transl)].

A possible involvement of the VIII cranial nerve in Multiple Sklerosis was investigated. 15 of the 135 MS-patients were tested by evoked response audiometry (ERA) and vestibular examinations. Only a central nystagmus, central vertigo and coordination disorder were seen. Lesions of the peripheral vestibular system and pathological data of the evoked response audiometry were not found.

Adult↗