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Biomedical subjects

R Caruso

Publications and source records attributed to R Caruso.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Drug-dependent and non-drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody in drug-induced immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura.

The mechanism of drug-dependent immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura (DITP) was investigated by studying the sera of four patients with classic DITP (two with quinidine-, one with acetaminophen-, and one with phenazopyridine-dependent antiplatelet antibody) using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay with 125I-staphylococcal protein A. Two forms of antiplatelet antibody could be demonstrated: one that required drug to bind to platelets and one that bound to platelets in the absence of drug. Drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody required the simultaneous addition of drug and the Fc domain of the drug-dependent IgG molecule for binding to platelets. It did not require serum complement or factor VIII-related antigen for binding to platelets. Drug-dependent binding of antibody to platelets was saturation-dependent. Non-drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody of two patients (one with quinidine-induced thrombocytopenia and the other with acetaminophen-induced thrombocytopenia) reacted with autologous platelets as well as with homologous platelets, indicating that they were autoantibodies. Both autoantibodies had disappeared when their sera were tested 23 and 138 days, respectively, after withdrawal of their initial positive sera. Non-drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody binding could be demonstrated with the F(ab')2 fragment of the purified IgG of the serum of the second patient with quinidine DITP, who did not have detectable alloantibodies against HLA. None of the four patients with non-drug-dependent antiplatelet antibody had a past or present history of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1984

[Pseudoaneurysm of the peroneal artery caused by a non-penetrating injury].

The rareness of false arterial aneurysm, a consequence of a non-penetrating injury of a limb, induced the Authors, on the basis of the most recent literature, to review its physiopathologic, clinical and therapeutical aspects, with the purpose to hasten its diagnosis and prevent its complications through the adoption of the most suitable surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Ocular echometry in the diagnosis of congenital glaucoma.

Thirty-three eyes of 18 normal infants and children and 36 eyes of infants in whom congenital glaucoma had been diagnosed were measured by echometry. The anterior chamber depth, vitreous length, and axial length were notably greater in glaucomatous eyes, while the lens thickness was smaller in glaucomatous eyes. The axial length of normal eyes was found to increase with age. The confidence interval of the normal growth curve allows the prediction of the maximum normal axial length for any given age. In congenital glaucoma cases in which the visual fields and daily pressure curve cannot be evaluated, clinical echometry is proposed as a valuable diagnostic and follow-up procedure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Alteration of the immune and nutritional status of mice by synergy between zinc deficiency and infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.

Since zinc deficiency has been shown to have a profound effect on the immune system of the mouse, it was of interest to evaluate the effects of the deficiency on host resistance to infection. The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which infects millions of South Americans each year, was chosen for study. Balb/c mice were fed to either zinc-deficient (1.0 micrograms Zn per gram), restricted (51 micrograms Zn per gram) or zinc-adequate diet (51 micrograms Zn/g). After 8 days on the purified diets, part of the mice from each dietary group were infected with 5 x 10(4) T. cruzi, a dose of this subline of the parasite that was normally sublethal. Twenty-two days postinfection, 80% of the mice in the infected zinc-deficient group were dead. The only other death (10%) occurred in the restricted, infected group. Prior to death the infected zinc-deficient group had a parasitemia that was 50 times greater than that of infected mice from the restricted or zinc-adequate groups. In all infected dietary groups, food intake and/or body weights were reduced in comparison to their uninfected counterparts. The data suggest that zinc deficiency and T. cruzi interact synergistically to profoundly alter both the nutritional and immune status of the host. The experiments also demonstrate the extreme vulnerability of zinc-deficient mice to some pathogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Spinal neurinomas and meningiomas in children.

The literature on spinal neurinomas (N) and meningiomas (M) in children is reviewed, and five personal cases of N are added (one in the context of Recklinghausen's disease). The cases of N totalled 151, and of M 69, accounting respectively for 10.9% and 4.3% of childhood spinal tumours and 2.6% and 1.3% of spinal N and M of all ages. Sixty-one cases of N (16 in the context of Recklinghausen's disease) and 26 cases of M (5 in the context of Recklinghausen's disease) are analyzed in detail. N occurs chiefly between ages 9 and 15 years, the sex ratio is 3 : 2, all levels of the spinal canal are equally affected, and extradural N or conditions with an extradural component (48%) are more frequent than in adults (26.9%). M occurs chiefly between 12 and 15 years, the sex ratio is 3 : 2, the prevalence of the thoracic segment (47.8%) is less marked than in adults (81%), and the frequency of the extradural site (10.6%) is close to the sum of the extradural and dumb-bell lesions in adults (11.1%). In children vertebral signs, i.e., spinal rigidity and tenderness, and spasm of paravertebral muscles, are more intense, earlier, and more frequent than in adults, and the clinical history is shorter. The chances of recovery from neurological deficits are greater, as are those of malignant degeneration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Titration of sterol double bonds with dibromopyridine sulfate.

Cis and trans-22-dehydrocholesteryl acetates and cis and trans-22-cholesten-3beta-yl acetates were prepared and compared to delta22-phytosterylacetates by titration with dibromopyridine sulfate. The cholesterol derivatives absorbed close to the theoretical quantity of bromine (1 Br2 per double bond), whereas the delta22-C24-alkylated sterols consumed 0.14 to 0.23 Br2 in excess of the calculated values. This excess is attributed to the formation of additional unsaturation during bromination. delta7 and delta8(14)-sterols consume more than 2 and 3 moles Br2, respectively, which indicates that at least one or two new double bonds are formed in these molecules during the bromination step.

Bromine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT-pathologic correlation in nodular bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively reviewed CT and pathologic examinations in resected nodular bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (BACs) to correlate the histology with the appearance of the nodules on preoperative thin section CT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thin section CT scans of 11 patients with nodular BAC were reviewed by two observers. In each case, size, tumor-lung interface, and internal characteristics of the nodule were recorded and correlated with histopathologic examinations. RESULTS: Computed tomography showed a large bronchus leading to or contained within the nodule in 36%; spiculated, lobulated, or irregular borders in 82%; pleural retraction in 36%; internal inhomogeneity in 45%; and a zone of intermediate attenuation surrounding a higher attenuation nodule and separating it from the surrounding lung parenchyma (the CT halo sign) in 18% of the 11 BACs. In two lesions internal serpentine radiolucencies could be seen. Histopathologic studies showed this correlated with the air-containing glandular spaces of the tumor. CONCLUSION: The CT halo sign and serpentine radiolucencies should be added to the list of the CT findings of nodular BAC. However histologic examination is required to confirm the diagnosis of BAC.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ground-glass attenuation in nodular bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: CT patterns and prognostic value.

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to assess the CT patterns and prognostic value of ground-glass attenuation in nodular bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed CT examinations of 22 patients with 24 nodular BACs who underwent surgery. CT and pathologic findings were analyzed and correlated with postoperative course of disease. RESULTS: We detected five patterns of ground-glass attenuation associated with nodular BAC: pure ground-glass nodule (n = 1), ground-glass nodule with superimposed lymphangitis (n = 1), nodule with mixed areas of ground-glass attenuation and consolidation (n = 2), ground-glass halo around nodule (halo sign) (n = 3), and nodule associated with a plurisegmental area of ground-glass attenuation (n = 1). Two patients with the halo sign and a third patient with a plurisegmental area of ground-glass attenuation rapidly developed diffuse pulmonary disease by bronchogenic spread and died a few months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Our series demonstrates that focal BAC may progress to diffuse pulmonary involvement by bronchogenic spread. The presence of a large area of ground-glass attenuation associated with a nodular BAC might be the CT sign of an aggressive biologic behavior. In these cases there is a high likelihood for diffuse disease to develop from bronchogenic spread.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intramedullary teratoma: case report and review of the literature.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Intramedullary teratoma is an extremely exceptional tumor (5 cases), although a careful review of international literature has shown it to be more frequent (32 cases) than believed. METHODS: The authors present a personal case with some unusual aspects. RESULTS: Our case is unusual not only because it was diagnosed by MRI (only one case has been reported in the literature) but also because surgical removal of the tumor was apparently total (only 4 other cases have been described), with a long follow-up period (4.5 years) and excellent results, in clinical and neuroradiologic terms.

Adult↗