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Biomedical subjects

R Campbell

Publications and source records attributed to R Campbell.

263 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Developing a scale to measure parental attitudes towards preschool speech and language therapy services.

In the past decade, there has been growing recognition of the need to involve clients in decisions about the healthcare they receive and in the evaluation of services offered. In health services research, survey and scaling methods have become important tools for research into 'consumer views' and the perspectives of people receiving healthcare. In spite of the increase in recent years in the participation of parents in their children's Speech and Language Therapy (SLT), there has been little attempt to investigate parents' perceptions and opinions of the services they receive. Moreover, there has been no previous attempt to derive a scale to measure these attitudes. The paper reports a study that explored the attitudes to therapy of 81 parents whose preschool children were receiving SLT intervention. Factor analysis of 12 items on a questionnaire revealed three issues salient in parental attitudes to therapy: practical help, emotional support and the perceived effectiveness of the service. The validity of these factors was supported by other findings from the questionnaire. The properties of the resulting scales are discussed and the ways in which they might be further refined and developed for use in SLT are suggested.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of Trichoderma reesei and Trichoderma viride xylanases in Escherichia coli.

Synthetic genes encoding the 190 amino acid Trichoderma reesei xylanase II (TrX) and the closely related Trichoderma viride xylanases have been synthesized in a two-step procedure. Initially, a partial gene encoding amino acids 92-190 was constructed in fusion with the N-terminal half of the Bacillus circulans xylanase (BcX). The remaining BcX gene sequence was replaced during the assembly of the coding sequence for amino acids 1-91. Expression of the synthetic genes in Escherichia coli yielded recombinant xylanases with specific activity generally identical with the natural TrX. However, the recombinant TrX showed thermostability and temperature optimum lower than those of the natural TrX, thus indicating that the posttranslational modifications of the latter in its fungal host are essential to its greater stability. A mutation N19K further decreased the thermostability of the recombinant TrX.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (AA-861) for the prevention of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

In a randomized, double-blind, parallel group trial conducted in eight European centres, the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor AA-861 was administered orally, starting 2 weeks before the pollen season and continuing for 8 weeks; after the start of the season escape medication was permitted if necessary. Patients were enrolled who had a previous history of pollen allergy, confirmed by skin prick tests and/or relevant allergen-specific immunoglobulin E to pollen. Daily symptoms scores were recorded on diary cards and assessments were made by the investigator during the study period. Better global improvement ratings were achieved using AA-861, as assessed both by the investigators and the patients. The total nasal symptoms scores and activities of daily living were also improved compared to placebo. No significant adverse reactions were encountered.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of experimental syringomyelia by scanning electron microscopy.

Experimental hydromyelia and syringomyelia, induced by kaolin in dogs, has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy. This study demonstrated that communication between the 4th ventricle and the spinal central canal is normally occluded by a plug of acellular material lying within the central canal. This plug is broken down following the onset of hydrocephalus and communication is rapidly established between the ventricles and the central canal. The canal distends and ruptures dorsally into the spinal gray matter with the development of extensive intramedullary cavities, lined by glial and neuronal elements. The morphological changes demonstrated are consistent with a physical destructive process of the cord resulting from CSF dissection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cost control without compromising quality of care.

By focusing on creative options that meet the varied health care needs of a wide range of members, a multiemployer purchaser of health care in California is able to provide quality care at affordable prices to public employees.

California↗
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Satisfaction guaranteed.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Health Nursing↗
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Improving outcome after acute myocardial infarction: what is the role of ACE inhibitors?

Acute myocardial infarction continues to be the number 1 killer in industrialised countries. While the more widespread use of thrombolytic therapy has made a dramatic impact on patient survival, changes in long-term prognosis after discharge from hospital have not improved radically and 5-year mortality remains at over 30%. The single most important determinant of survival in the long term is left ventricular function. The process of ventricular dilatation and remodelling begins early after infarction. While such changes may initially go unrecognised clinically, without intervention progressive functional impairment will ensue and the majority of patients will develop signs and symptoms of heart failure, which carries a worse prognosis than many forms of cancer. ACE inhibitors act on both the haemodynamic and neurohormonal mechanisms in heart failure. Several large-scale clinical trials have clearly demonstrated that early use of these agents in stable patients who are not hypotensive or in cardiogenic shock can reduce significantly the development of heart failure and death. A strategy for the early initiation of ACE inhibitor therapy is proposed to improve survival in AMI patients.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗