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Biomedical subjects

R Campani

Publications and source records attributed to R Campani.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Infiltrative subcutaneous metastases from ovarian carcinoma after paracentesis: CT findings.

Implantation subcutaneous metastases from ovarian cancer are an uncommon event in surgery, and diagnostic procedures such as laparoscopy, fine-needle biopsy, and intraperitoneal catheter access are usually used. Findings of tumor implantations are rarely reported with diagnostic imaging techniques. In this case, an infiltrative subcutaneous metastasis appeared on computed tomography 4 months after paracentesis in a patient with untreated ovarian cancer. Differential diagnostic problems are discussed.

Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extraperitoneal pelvic leiomyosarcoma. MR findings in a case.

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a patient with nongynecologic pelvic leiomyosarcoma is presented. A retroperitoneal mass appeared under the broad ligaments, in the right paravesical and parametrial, lateral pararectal site. The mass leaned on the uterus and vagina. On MRI, the mass had solid structure, isointense on T1-weighted images, inhomogeneously iperintense on T2-weighted images with central areas of increased intensity. Late after contrast agent administration, the mass appeared inhomogeneously ipointense with areas of fair late contrast enhancement. The morphology of the tumor, the retroperitoneal site, and MRI sequences make the differential diagnosis. These evidences were useful in treatment planning.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple nodular metastases in mesenteric panniculitis by uterine papillary serous adenocarcinoma (UPSC): CT appearance of a case.

Intra-abdominal panniculitis is a thickening of the mesentery of the small/large intestine due to infiltration of lipid-laden macrophages associated with a variable amount of fibrosis. This condition is rarely associated with malignant neoplasms. We report the computed tomography (CT) findings of a patient treated for uterine papillary serous adenocarcinoma (UPSC). She had mesenteric panniculitis where metastatic tumor nodules implanted. This was the only intraperitoneal recurrence. To our knowledge, no such finding has been reported in the gynecologic and radiologic literature to date. On CT images, the differential diagnosis is with cystic dilatations of mesenteric lymph vessels.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blind megaureter with ipsilateral renal agenesis and mullerian anomaly: MR findings in a case.

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a patient with congenital blind megaureter and mullerian anomaly are presented. A retroperitoneal pelvic mass appeared as elongated tubular cystic structure spreading from parametrium to the adnexa and reaching the recto-sigma. On MRI, the mass was hyperintense on T1 and T2-weighted images and disappeared in STIR sequences. The mass with pseudo-intestinal structure, the retroperitoneal site, and the MRI sequences make the differential diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progression from nodular to lymphangitic subcutaneous metastasis from clear cell endometrial carcinoma: CT findings.

Subcutaneous metastases from clear cell endometrial carcinoma are an uncommon event and tumor implantations are rarely found with diagnostic imaging techniques. The nodular form is the most frequent type of subcutaneous metastasis from genital system tumors, even though plaque-like and infiltrative forms have also been reported. We report the first case of subcutaneous metastasis from clear cell endometrial carcinoma whose progression from the early nodular to the lymphangitic infiltrative form was studied with computed tomography (CT). Differential diagnostic problems are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous hemorrhage of a liver metastasis from squamous cell cervical carcinoma: case report and review of the literature.

Liver metastases are an uncommon cause of spontaneous bleeding compared with primary benign/malignant liver lesions. Since metastatic lesions tend to maintain the vascular characteristics of the primary tumor, some metastases have a greater proclivity for hemorrhage into the host organ than others. We describe the clinical and computed tomography (CT) features of a patient previously treated for nonkeratinizing small cell squamous carcinoma of the cervix uteri. As the metastatic rupture was diagnosed while still intraparenchymal and subcapsular, with minimal peritoneal reaction, the patient's outcome was favorable.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging in the study of ischemic heart disease.

In ischemic heart disease, as compared to other procedures, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers the advantage of providing in a single diagnostic session an ample and reliable multiparametric analysis. The technological advances of recent years have been increasing exponentially and marked qualitative refinements are thus predictable in the near future for morphological, functional, perfusional and metabolic studies.

Coronary Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastric stromal tumors. Findings with computerized tomography].

PURPOSE: Gastric stromal tumors are an ill-defined group of lesions arising from muscle wall cells and characterized by extremely variable biological patterns. Thanks to modern immunohistochemical and ultrastructural techniques, four main classes of these lesions have been identified, namely: 1) tumors with differentiation toward smooth muscle cells; 2) tumors with differentiation toward neural elements; 3) tumors with dual differentiation toward both cell types; 4) tumors lacking differentiation toward either cell type. We investigated the yield of CT in diagnosing and characterizing gastric stromal tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT findings of 38 patients (15 men and 23 women; mean age 51 years) with pathologically proven gastric stromal tumors, namely 31 of myoid origin, 4 of neural origin, 2 with both muscle and neural differentiation, 1 lacking differentiation with either cell type. Morphological (size, margins, growth pattern, enlarged lymph nodes, metastases) and structural (density, calcifications, necrosis, cystic changes, enhancement patterns) parameters were evaluated and compared with histopathologic diagnosis. RESULTS: The myoid tumors involved gastric fundus in 9/13 and 5/7 benign lesions and lesions with variable biological patterns, respectively, while the malignant tumors exhibited diffuse involvement in 7/11 of cases. Eleven of 13 benign lesions had regular shape and a diameter +/- 5 cm, while 5/7 intermediate tumors and 7/11 malignant ones were 6-10 cm and over 10 cm (1/7 and 3/11, respectively). Tumor growth was intramural (6/13) or mixed (5/13) in the benign lesions, mainly exophytic in the malignant ones, and finally variable (2/7 intramural, 3/7 exophytic and 2/7 mixed) in the tumors with intermediate patterns. Calcifications were identified only in 3 benign lesions. Structure was homogeneous in 11/13 of the benign lesions with regular contrast enhancement (10/12), heterogeneous due to necrotic areas in nearly all (10/11) or most (5/7) malignant and intermediate forms, respectively. Enlarged lymph nodes (4/11) or synchronous metastases (7/11) were found in the malignant lesions. Our two schwannomas had a pseudocystic structure with regular peripheral contrast enhancement; the neurofibroma was characterized by multiple, markedly hypodense and hypovascular lesions. Both the malignant neurogen form and the two tumors with dual differentiation showed a diffuse, aspecific and infiltrating pattern. The lesion without differentiation had a "benign" shape and structure even though it developed metastases two years after radical surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the lack of specificity of CT patterns of gastric stromal tumors, these parameters are useful in differentiating benign from overtly malignant forms. The definition "gastric stromal tumor with benign, variable, or malignant macroscopic appearance" should be used in the radiologic report.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topical role and future perspectives of sonographic contrast agents in the differential diagnosis of solid thyroid lesions.

Gray scale sonography and US-guided biopsy are cost-effective and reliable procedures in the differential diagnosis of focal thyroid lesions. The frequent presence of multiple foci can make multiple biopsies intolerable to the patient. The use of a sonographic contrast agent (Levovist) composed of microbubbles was evaluated in the differential diagnosis of focal solid lesions of the thyroid. Time/intensity curves after bolus injection of contrast were studied with samplings at the level of focal lesions, extranodular parenchyma and common carotid in 29 lesions of 25 patients (16 females and 9 males) ranging in age 21 to 68 years. The evaluated parameters were: the curve morphology, the time to peak value, the mean enhancement time and the wash-in/out variate gamma curve. All focal lesions underwent biopsy. No significant differences were observed as for mean enhancement time while for time to peak values only two malignant lesions seemed to show values different from those of other solid lesions. Wash-in/out variate gamma curves seemed more interesting; they presented a dual morphology: 1) parenchymal for hyperplastic areas, pseudonodular neoformations during thyroiditis and healthy thyroid parenchyma, 2) vascular for malignant lesions and carotid lumen. Autonomous nodules showed an intermediate morphology. In spite of major limitations, the results seem to pave the way for additional possibilities of noninvasive differential diagnosis in the evaluation of focal solid thyroid lesions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparison between quantitative computed tomography and dual-energy densitometry in the study of patients at risk for postmenopausal osteoporosis].

A comparison was made of the densitometric values of the lumbar vertebrae obtained using quantitative Computed Tomography, and those measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. A selected group of patients at increased risk of developing postmenopausal osteoporosis was chosen: women who had undergone bilateral oophorectomy in child-bearing years. The densitometric data recorded revealed a considerable decrease in bone mass, in particular in the cancellous portion of the vertebrae (a 17% change in the quantitative Computed Tomography value and a 13% decrease in that of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry a one year after oophorectomy). Although quantitative Computed Tomography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry demonstrated a similar trend in bone mass reduction, given the marked and unexplained variability of both absolute values and percent variations, it was impossible to establish a clinically useful mathematical correlation between the two sets of data. Quantitative Computed Tomography is the densitometric procedure of choice to study metabolic bone disorders that involve mainly tha cancellous portion, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Nevertheless, given its accuracy, short execution time, lower radiation dose required, as well as good sensitivity in the measurement of bone mass variations, it would seem that dual energy X-ray absorptiometry could also find a place in clinical studies on postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗