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Biomedical subjects

R Bergman

Publications and source records attributed to R Bergman.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A study of HLA antigen association in localized and generalized granuloma annulare.

HLA-A and -B antigen frequencies were studied in 78 patients, 35 with localized granuloma annulare and 43 with generalized granuloma annulare (GA). Twenty-eight patients in each group were also typed for HLA-DR antigens. A group of 200 healthy age-matched subjects served as controls. HLA-A31 and B35 were increased significantly in patients with generalized GA, but not in the localized form. HLA-DR antigen distribution showed no significant variation.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Nursing the aged with brain failure.

Nurses are the major caregivers for the aged with brain failure. The patients' needs and resources must be continually reassessed and care adjusted to the changing situation whether the patient is at home, attending a community ambulatory clinic, or in a hospital or a long-term institution. The nursing role includes humanistic concern, physical care, scientific/technological interventions, organization of care and contributing to the limited body of knowledge. The most complex area of care of brain-failure patients is communication, which has an important impact on both psychosocial and physical well-being. Often neglected aspects of care are ambulation and regulating body temperature. Nurses can make maximum use of resources through good organization of the environment. The nurse must continually update her knowledge and use a problem-solving approach in her work. She should record, analyse and share her experiences with others, thus helping to develop more humanistic and scientific modes of care.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of different methods for determining elastase activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from mink.

We have characterized 20 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from pneumonic mink lungs with regard to elastase production and serotype. P. aeruginosa PAO1, a well-characterized elastase-producing strain, and two elastase-deficient mutants of PAO1 were used for comparative purposes. Elastase activity was assayed on elastin agar and by using 14C-elastin coated microtiter plates. Elastase antigen was measured using a double antibody sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Total proteolytic activity was determined on skim milk agar plates. The results from ELISA showed that all strains produced antigenically similar elastase, although the amounts produced varied considerably between strains. There was a good correlation regarding elastase assays between ELISA and 14C-elastin, elastin agar and total proteolytic activity on skim milk agar. No correlation was found between serotype and elastase activity. The results showed that the 14C-elastin assay is a simple and sensitive method of determining elastolytic activity of P. aeruginosa strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Porcine parvovirus: propagation in microcarrier cell culture and immunogenic evaluation in pregnant gilts.

Porcine parvovirus was propagated in PK-15 cells cultured in roller bottles or on microcarrier beads. After inactivation, the virus was used as antigen in the preparation of vaccines. The immunogenic potency and safety of the vaccines were evaluated in specific pathogen free pregnant gilts and guinea pigs. Experimental challenge tests determined the efficacy of the vaccine in preventing porcine parvovirus transplacental infection. Neither viral antigens nor specific antibodies were detected in fetuses from vaccinated gilts. In contrast, fetal death and, or, mummification occurred when unvaccinated gilts were infected. Both virus and, or, antibodies were also detected in fetuses from these unvaccinated gilts. Serum conversion after vaccination was assayed by microserum neutralisation using guinea pig erythrocytes as cell indicators and by haemagglutination inhibition tests. Viral antigens in fetal tissues were detected using ELISA, the immunobeads technique, the haemagglutination test and by virus isolation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chromosome damage induced by decay of 3H and 125I incorporated into DNA of Chinese hamster cells.

The present study was undertaken to compare the frequency of chromatid-type aberrations in Chinese hamster cells with previous results on accumulation of unrepaired DNA-strand breaks after incorporation of 3H-TdR or 125IUdR into DNA. A linear-quadratic function was fitted by the weighted-least-square method to the data on yield of chromatid aberrations at different dpm values. Based on a significant linear response at low doses, RBE for 125I in relation to 3H was calculated for (i) chromatid breaks (17 +/- 6), (ii) the sum of isochromatid breaks and chromatid exchanges (21 +/- 9), and (iii) the total number of chromatid aberrations (18 +/- 5). Analogously, the RBE for accumulation of DNA-strand breaks was determined (13 +/- 6). Our results are consistent with the assumption that chromosomal aberrations mainly originate from unrepaired DNA-strand breaks.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A direct immunofluorescence study in elastosis perforans serpiginosa.

Two cases of elastosis perforans serpiginosa were studied by direct immunofluorescence. In one case, homogeneous deposits of IgM, C3 and C4 on the abnormal elastic fibres in the papillary dermis were demonstrated. In addition, in both cases, along the basement membrane zone, coarse linear deposits of fibrinogen and properdin were observed inside and near the transepidermal channels. Groups of cytoid bodies stained for IgM and occasional weak linear deposits of IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 were also observed. The immune deposits on the abnormal elastic fibres might indicate antigenic alteration and activation of humoral immunological mechanisms in the process of their elimination. The other findings may reflect a non-specific binding by damaged tissue structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Effect of thyroid hormone excess on action, secretion, and metabolism of insulin in humans.

To determine the effect of thyroid hormone excess on insulin secretion, metabolism and action in humans, we examined intravenous glucose tolerance, glucose-induced insulin secretion, insulin clearance, monocyte insulin receptor binding, and the dose-response characteristics for the effects of insulin on glucose production, uptake, oxidation, and nonoxidative disposal in 10 normal volunteers for 14 days before and after oral administration of triiodothyronine (T3) in doses that increased plasma T3 to levels observed in spontaneous thyrotoxicosis (P less than 0.001). After T3 postabsorptive plasma glucose (P less than 0.05) and insulin (P less than 0.05) both increased; intravenous glucose tolerance was unaffected, but plasma insulin responses were increased (P less than 0.01); basal glucose production, uptake, and oxidation all increased (all P less than 0.05), whereas nonoxidative glucose disposal was unaffected (P = NS); monocyte insulin receptor binding increased (P less than 0.01) due to increased receptor affinity (P less than 0.05); and receptor number was not significantly altered (P = NS). Insulin clearance was increased. Insulin-induced suppression of glucose production was impaired (Km 22 +/- 3 vs. 37 +/- 7 microU/ml, P less than 0.02); maximal insulin-induced glucose uptake (10.7 +/- 0.6 vs. 13.0 +/- 0.9 mg X kg-1 X min-1, P less than 0.001) and oxidation (3.41 +/- 0.30 vs. 5.34 +/- 0.59 mg X kg-1 X min-1, P less than 0.001) were increased without a significant change in Km. However, submaximal rates of nonoxidative glucose disposal and glucose uptake were inappropriately low for the increased insulin receptor binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reduced insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic, HLA-identical siblings of insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.

Nondiabetic, HLA-identical siblings of insulin-dependent diabetic subjects have an increased risk of developing diabetes. Since insulin resistance is present in newly diagnosed diabetic subjects, we studied 12 HLA-identical siblings to determine whether they have impaired insulin sensitivity. Each sibling was carefully matched for age, sex, and body weight to a control from a nondiabetic family. The insulin sensitivity index (SI) was determined after an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) using the minimal model of insulin kinetics. The insulin sensitivity index was significantly lower in the HLA-identical siblings compared with their matched controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Suppressor activity of bovine Fc gamma positive cells during a persistent infection with Mycobacterium avium.

The cell mediated immune response (CMI) was measured in calves after experimental infection with Mycobacterium avium. Using the tuberculin skin test a CMI response could be measured from four to 14 weeks after infection, and with a lymphocyte stimulation (LS) test from six to 40 weeks. One year after infection no CMI response was detected by either of the tests, in spite of the fact that in such calves M avium bacteria could be found in the intestinal lymph nodes at autopsy. After removal of mononuclear cells bearing receptors for the Fc part of IgG, the peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from a calf infected one year earlier responded to M avium pure protein derivative in the LS test in contrast to lymphocytes obtained from uninfected calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The use and abuse of anabolic steroids in Olympic-caliber athletes.

Self-medication with anabolic steroids by athletes, particularly in the sports of weight lifting and track and field, has become increasingly popular. In the 1983 Pan American Games, 15 athletes were disqualified for taking anabolic steroids. Athletes take steroids believing the steroids will allow increased periods of intensive training and will increase muscle strength with proper weight training. The athletes assume this increased strength and training will translate into better athletic performance. Most athletes taking anabolic steroids are taking very large doses with no thought as to the potential adverse side effects. They ignore the possibility of long-term problems relating to hypertension, liver dysfunction, and atherosclerosis for what they see as the immediate performance benefits. In an attempt to keep sports competition "clean" and to help protect athletes from harmful drugs, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United States Olympic Committee have rules stating that the use of anabolic steroids is illegal. Drug testing is performed in Olympic and in many international competitions. Those people found using anabolic steroids are disqualified. This use of anabolic steroids indicates that for some athletes the need to win or to maximize performance supersedes any worries about future health.

Anabolic Agents↗