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Biomedical subjects

R Baumann

Publications and source records attributed to R Baumann.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Radiological features of non-gangrenous ischaemic colitis (author's transl)].

The authors have performed barium enema in 22 cases of non gangrenous ischaemic colitis. The diagnosis was established on the clinical, endoscopic and radiological data. The barium enema's radiological features and their evolution are described in particular thumbprinting, ulcerations, stenosis and sacculations. All these radiological signs were confirmed by endoscopic investigation or pathological examination. Abdominal angiography are carried out in 10 cases. The preferential site of the lesions is the descending colon. The differential diagnosis with other colitis are discussed and the diagnosis is easier when the barium enema is performed soon.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The fatty acid pattern of serum triglycerides and FFA in patients with essential hypertension of different stages, athletes, and normal subjects.

The fatty acid pattern of serum triglycerides and FFA in normal untrained subjects, normotensive athletes, patients with labile and stable essential hypertension as well as in hypertensives with overweight and mild hypertriglyceridemia has been evaluated by gas liquid chromatography. The most striking differences revealed the linoleic acid in triglycerides being increased in athletes and in patients with labile hypertension in comparison with normotensive untrained controls and patients with stable hypertension. On the basis of these data an enhanced need of polyunsaturated fatty acids corresponding to probands with high physical activity has been assumed in patients with an early stage of essential hypertension. The differences of arachidonic acid were not so distinct. The results can be relevant with regard to the pathogenetic role of prostaglandin precursors in the development and course of essential hypertension and atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Pathogenesis of bone marrow necrosis in a patient with cancer].

Bone marrow necrosis was observed in a 23-year-old pregnant woman with severe anemia and thrombocytopenia due to bilateral ovarian carcinoma. After removal of the primary tumors, the hematological findings returned to normal, but the progression of the metastasis lead to respiratory insufficiency and death. The possible mechanisms leading to bone marrow necrosis are discussed. In our case, it could be shown that emboli of tumor cells into the vessels of the bone marrow lead to the necrosis of the marrow. The embolization was temporarily stopped after removal of the ovaries.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The fatty acid pattern of triglycerides and FFA in serum of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

The fatty acid patterns of serum triglycerides and FFA in SHR and in normotensive controls aged 4, 8 and 26 weeks were estimated by gas-liquid chromatography. In serum triglycerides of SHR, the percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2) was lower and the content of arachidonic acid (C20:4) higher than in age-matched control animals. A continuous increase in palmitic (C16) and linoleic acids as well as a decrease in arachidonic acid has been found with advancing age, the most striking differences existing between 4- and 8-week-old animals, i.e. before onset of arterial hypertension in SHR. In the pre-hypertensive stage, the percentage of arachidonic acid was about 3 times as high as in later stages in SHR. This gradation was, however, even more pronounced in normotensive control rats. The C18:2/C20:4-ratio of triglycerides was lower in SHR but increased with age in both groups reaching a 5--8-fold level. Similar behavior of the FFA fatty acid pattern was less marked. Alterations in levels of linoleic and arachidonic acids are of interest because of their pathogenic role as precursors of prostaglandins in the development of genetically spontaneous hypertension in rats. The results are discussed in connection with the hypotensive effect of a linoleic acid-rich diet recently reported in hypertensive rats.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Adipose cell size in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

The size of adipose cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive controls has been evaluated at 4, 8 and 26 weeks of age. Age-matched groups showed significant differences only in 8-week-old rats, but this can be explained by the lower body weight of SHR. In both groups of animals fat cell size varies with body weight (r = 0.965 in SHR and r = 0.863 in normotensive rats) independent of the stage of hypertension. The regression lines are not significantly different. Thus, no evidence of enlarged adipocytes in SHR has been obtained.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Blood oxygen transport and organ weights of two shrew species (S. etruscus and C. russula).

Blood parameters concerning oxygen transport and relative organ weights of 11 Suncus etruscus and 13 Crocidura russula under light halothane anesthesia were investigated. Mean body weight of S. etruscus was 2.5 g and for C. russula was 9 g, hemoglobin concentration was 17.4 and 15.6 g/100 ml blood, hematocrit was 50 and 44%, red blood cells were 18 and 11 X 10(6)/microliter, respectively. Mean corpuscular volume was calculated to be 26 and 41 micron3, mean diameter 5.5 and 7 micron, and mean thickness 1.2 and 1.1 micron, respectively. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was in the normal range of mammalian red blood cells. A blood oxygen half-saturation pressure of 35 and 34 Torr at pH 7.4, 37 degrees C and a Bohr factor deltalog P50/deltapH of -0.61 and -0.66 was measured. Experiments with stripped hemoglobin showed that 2,3-diphosphoglycerate is the main oxygen affinity reducing allosteric factor. Relative weights of heart, kidney, and liver are remarkably high in S. etruscus. The maximal oxygen transport of 400 ml . kg-1 . min-1 of S. etruscus is feasible by an enormous heart rate, a large relative stroke volume, a high hemoglobin concentration combined with a low oxygen affinity, and a large Bohr effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Inhibitory control of the pituitary LH secretion by LH-RH in male rats.

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was administered to prepubertal male rats (intact, castrate or castrate-adrenalectomized, 60 g body weight) for 28 days (1 microgram LH-RH/day, s.c.), at a 10-fold physiological dose, as compared to the minimal FSH-releasing dose of 100 ng/rat s.c. In intact rats, serum LH and weight of androgen-dependent organs (vented prostate, seminal vesicles) were reduced after 14 days of treatment. In castrate rats, the postcastration rise in serum LH was abolished by treatment. Pituitary LH content, FSH secretion and prolactin secretion were not suppressed. Hypothalamic LH-RH was increased at 14 and 21 days. In castrate adrenalectomized male rats, LH secretion was also suppressed by 1 microgram LH-RH s.c. x 28 days. The hypothalamic LH-RH content did not increase. The pituitary LH-RH receptor level was not down-regulated after 14 days treatment either in intact or castrate male rats. Pituitary inhibition (LH release) in rats by a supraphysiological dose of LH-RH given for 28 days indicates that the optimal regime for chronic treatment has to be determined by monitoring LH release at regular intervals. Direct pituitary inhibition by LH-RH may explain some of the unexpected antifertility effects observed with high doses of LH-RH.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

Interaction of [125I]LH-RH and other oligopeptides with plasma membranes of rat anterior pituitaries.

The specific binding of [125I]LH-RH to isolated plasma membranes of rat pituitaries was investigated. The binding process was found to be highly specific, temperature-dependent and saturable. The dissociation constant as caluclated by three different methods was approximately 1.3 . 10(-8) M, indicating a single type of binding sites. Maximal binding capacity was 1 . 10(-12 moles/mg protein (= 2 ng LH-RH/pituitary gland), and the number of binding sites was calculated to be 6 . 10(11) per mg membrane protein (=1 . 10(10) binding sites/pituitary gland). When diluted with ice-cold buffer the dissociation of specifically bound LH-RH occurred very rapidly (half-life 3.17 min) with a rate constant of 0.219 min-1. The dissociation process followed first-order kinetics. Specificity of binding was demonstrated by dose-dependent competition of unlabelled LH-RH, the highly potent analogue D-glutamine-(cyclohexyl)6-LH-RH-nonapeptide-ethylamide and the fragment of an analogue (6-D-Ser(TBu))-LH-RH-(3-9)-heptapeptide-ethylamide with the binding [125I]LH-RH, while angiotensin I, II, oxytocin and bacitracin did not compete. The affinities of LH-RH and the analogue to the binding sites of the pituitary plasma membranes were not consistent with the respective biological activities.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1979

[Anal symptoms of gastro-intestinal diseases].

In most cases the ano-cutaneous clinical symptoms correlated to diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract are not specific (erythema, itching, wounds or scarring). However in the following diseases occasional dermatological lesions may directly contribute to their diagnosis: in Crohn's disease, tuberculosis of bowel, chronic entamoebiasis and bilharziosis, the skin lesions of the anal area have the same histological structure as the gut lesions. Perianal fistulas and ulcers are frequent in Crohn's disease especially if there is a colonic and rectal spreading; they respond badly to steroid therapy and are often correlated with a worse prognosis. Perianal specific lesions occur often in oxyuriasis in children, in candidiasis of the digestive tract, in systemic aphthosis and in some malignancies. In other gastro-intestinal disturbances, the dermatological and features are less specific and can only be suggestive: iatrogenic and microbial diarrheas, side-effects of laxatives, proctological diseases. It has to be emphasized that pruritus ani is only induced by deeper lesions when they spread to the perianal skin. In proctological practice, contact dermatitis by sensitivity to anaesthetics or suppository balsams (Peruvian balsam), itching or burning atrophy by topical steroid abuse, non-diagnosed fungal (candidiasis), bacterial (erythrasma) or psoriatic intertrigos (flexural psoriasis) may sometimes explain the failure of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Respiratory function of blood and relative weight of certain organs in two species of shrew: Crocidura russula and Suncus etruscus (Soricidae mammals)].

A high oxygen capacity combined with a low oxygen affinity and a large Bohr effect achieve a high oxygen transport capacity in small shrews. The high metabolic rate (Suncus estruscus: 100 to 350 ml O2/kg. min) can be explained by the combination of the favorable blood parameters with a high relative heart weight (1,2% of body weight) and heart frequencies of 1,000 to 1,350 per minute.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Regulation of oxygen affinity in blood of fetal, newborn and adult mouse.

Oxygen half saturation pressure (P50) of blood and the role of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (DPG), adenosine-triphosphate and red cell pH regulating oxygen affinity were examined in fetuses (16,5-18,5 days of gestational age), neonatal (1-22 days post partum) and adult mice (Balb/c). The high oxygen affinity of fetal blood (P50 = 29 Torr at 37 degrees C, pH 7.4 and Pco2 = 40 Torr) decreases to an average adult value of 41 Torr within two weeks after birth, accompanied by an increase of DPG-concentration from 0.2 M/MHb4 to the average of 1.5 M/MHb4. At a constant pHe of 7.4 red cell pH decreases from pH 7.3 to 7.18 from 18.5 days of gestational age to ten days post partum. Electrophoretic mobility and functional characteristics of purified fetal and adult hemoglobin were identical. Changes in oxygen affinity occur only due to organic phosphate concentration variations. A rapid replacement of large size fetal red cells by smaller adult cells after birth fairly coincides with the increase of the 2,3-DPG concentration.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1978

[Learning and memory processes during postnatal ontogenesis in rats with spontaneous hypertension].

The examination of learning and memory processes by a conditional reflectory locomotor avoidance reaction on 8-, 10-, 12-, 14-, 16-, 20-, 26-, and 50-week-old rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHR Okamoto/Aoki) revealed, up to an age of 20 weeks, correlations between the height of blood pressure and learning and memory performance by analogy with parameters of the hydrocarbon metabolism [1,2]. Three stages were observed: Stage I: Juvenile animals (8--10 weeks) with mean systolic blood pressure values of 150 to 170 torr showed a comparatively low restriction of learning and memory processes. Stage II: In adult animals (12--20 weeks) with mean systolic blood pressure values of 180 to 210 torr learning was inhibited by about 50%, while retention of memory was completely disturbed. Stage III: In old animals (26--50 weeks) with mean systolic blood pressure values above 200 torr the faculty to learn a conditional avoidance reflex was virtually lost. Destruction or blockage of hypothalamic behavioral substances are assumed to cause the derangement of learning and memory processes in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Aging↗