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Biomedical subjects

R Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to R Bauer.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Laser lithotripsy of difficult bile duct stones by means of a rhodamine-6G laser and an integrated automatic stone-tissue detection system.

This report describes the initial clinical implementation of a new laser lithotripter system capable of effective fragmentation of common bile duct stones with a high degree of safety provided by an integrated stone-tissue detection system. This system automatically terminates laser pulse transmission if tissue contact is sensed. Eighteen patients with giant or impacted common bile duct stones refractory to standard treatment techniques were treated via the endoscopic retrograde route using a rhodamine-6G dye laser with an integrated stone-tissue detection system. In the event of tissue contact, the stone-tissue detection system cuts off the laser pulse after 190 ns (after transmission of 5% to 8% of the total pulse energy). Nine patients were treated under cholangioscopic control, and nine patients were treated blindly under fluoroscopic control using only standard duodenoscopes with either a 6F standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography catheter (4 patients), a 6.8F balloon catheter (3 patients), or a laser lithotriptor basket (2 patients). Laser-induced fragmentation was achieved in all 18 patients (100%). Sixteen of 18 patients (89%) became completely stone-free after completion of the treatment, including additional intracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in five patients. The only major complications occurred in one fully anticoagulated patient with a prosthetic heart valve who developed significant hemobilia and transient cholangitis but recovered after conservative treatment. Laser lithotripsy using the rhodamine-6G dye laser plus stone-tissue detection system appears safe and effective and allows "blind" fragmentation of difficult common bile duct stones to be performed under radiologic control.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Staged diagnosis of septic hip endoprosthesis loosening with laboratory parameters and antigranulocyte scintigraphy].

AIM: The value of serial diagnosis of septic loosening of hip endoprosthesis using laboratory parameters and antigranulocytes scintigraphy was investigated and compared to joint aspiration. METHOD: In 35 patients with intraoperative verification of infection, we calculated sensitivity, specify and prevalence dependent positive and negative predictive values for antigranulocyte scintigraphy, laboratory tests and the most suitable combination of both. We also calculated predictive values of joint aspiration using sensitivity and specify values given in the literature. RESULTS: From negative and positive predictive values, of the sedimetation rate and leukocyte count provided no increase of information. We found the same result for positive predictive values of C-reactive protein. For antigranulocyte scintigraphy alone, we found a distinct but still unsatisfying increase of information. Nevertheless, in both cases infection could be excluded definitely. Therefore, the combination of C-reactive protein and antigranulocyte scintigraphy was suitable and the positive predictive values of this combination were only about 5% lower than those of joint aspiration. But with joint aspiration, infection could not be excluded. CONCLUSION: A positive result in serial diagnosis using C-reactive protein and antigranulocyte scintigraphy leads to an distinct increase in the probability of infection which is comparable to that of joint aspiration. The additional advantages of this procedure are the certain exclusion of infection and the absence of invasiveness.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Local epidemic of neonatal listeriosis in Upper Austria--report of 20 cases].

In an 8 month period, 20 cases of listeriosis among neonates were seen in the Federal District of Upper Austria. The majority of mothers reported influenza-like symptoms at the end of pregnancy. 19 cases were early-onset-infections, 6 infants developed meningitis. Serotype 1/2a was isolated in 7 cases. All were of the same phage type. 15 neonates were successfully treated with aminopenicillin or penicillin. Treatment with cephalosporin was ineffective. 4 mainly premature infants died, 1 was stillborn. There is a strong likelihood of common origin for this prenatal epidemic infection. Because of this epidemic, we recommend a listeria-effective therapy for the early-onset sepsis of the neonate.

Austria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The transgluteal approach in hip joint arthroplasty].

The so-called "transgluteal approach" to the hip joint, which was worked out at the Orthopaedic Department of the University Innsbruck, is described. This approach has been applied at the Innsbruck hospital for the implantation of artificial hip joint since 1973. A comparative study shows that the transgluteal approach does not show any disadvantages when compared with the technique of Watson-Jones, but has the following advantages: easily practicable, no transverse section of the muscles, clear exposure, especially at the site of the resection at the proximal end of femur, easy wound closure.

Buttocks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DE-cadherin, a core component of the adherens junction complex modifies subcellular localization of the Drosophila gap junction protein innexin2.

The Drosophila innexin multigene family of gap junction encoding proteins consists of eight family members whose function in epithelial morphogenesis is mostly unknown. We have recently shown that innexin2 plays a crucial role in the organization of embryonic epithelia. Innexin2 protein accumulates in the epidermis in the apico-lateral membrane domain and colocalizes with core proteins of adherens junctions, such as DE-cadherin and Armadillo, the ss -catenin homolog. Innexin2 localization is altered in both armadillo and DE-cadherin mutants Biochemical interaction studies point to a direct interaction of DE-cadherin and Armadillo with innexin2 suggesting a close link between gap junction and adherens junction biogenesis. We have used the Drosophila Schneider cell tissue culture system to further study the interaction of innexin2 with DE-cadherin. Our results provide evidence that DE-cadherin may be a key component to control trafficking, and localization of Innexin2 to the plasma membrane.

Adherens Junctions↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stimulus-dependent modulations of correlated high-frequency oscillations in cat visual cortex.

The hypothesis that correlated neural activity is involved in the cortical representation of visual stimuli was examined by recording multi-unit activity and local field potentials from neurons with non-overlapping receptive fields in areas 17 and 18. Using coherence functions, correlations of oscillatory patterns (35-100 Hz) of neural signals were investigated under three stimulus conditions: (i) a whole field grating or a long bar moving across both receptive fields; (ii) masking the region between both receptive fields while stimulating the remaining visual field; and (iii) two separate stimuli simultaneously moving in opposite directions. Coherences of oscillations were found to be significantly higher in the first stimulus condition than in the other two conditions. Since different visual stimuli were reflected in the coherence of neural activity, we concluded that correlated neural activity is a potential candidate for coding of sensory information.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired motility and random migration of vital polymorphonuclears in vitro after therapy with oral aromatic retinoid in psoriasis.

Vital polymorphonuclears of healthy persons and of patients with psoriasis before and after therapy with oral retinoid (Ro 10-9359) were observed in vitro under standardized conditions. In this model normal polymorphonuclears showed well-defined changes entering (A) a stage of resting and accommodation, (B) a stage of movement in loco, and finally, (C) a stage of migration. The rectilinear migration of cells was accompanied by characteristic movements of the cytoplasmic granula towards the cytocentrum. Just before the onset of migration, the cell organelles ordered themselves in a defined position within the cytoplasm. The survival time of the cells was about 48 hours, and their degeneration in vitro was reproducible. Polymorphonuclears of psoriasis patients without respiration before therapy with oral retinoid showed no changes. In contrast, the in vitro motility of polymorphonuclears of psoriasis under oral retinoid therapy showed distinct alterations: the movement of the cytoplasmic granula was strongly decelerated, and the regular arrangement of the cell organelles did not appear. The function of the cytocentrum was obviously impaired; the cells persisted longer in the resting stage and reached the movement stage later. A stage of migration failed to appear. The survival time was reduced to approximately 24 hours. These observations suggest that the oral retinoid interferes with the microtubular cell system and inhibits the directional migration of the polymorphonuclear in vitro.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DSC studies of freezing in terrestrial enchytraeids (Annelida: oligochaeta).

Specimens of six enchytraeid species from a wide range of terrestrial habitats were cooled to -25 degree C and rewarmed at 1 degree C/min and their cryobiological features measured by DSC. All were freezing intolerant, supercooling on average to c.-9 degree C. The quantity of frozen (osmotically active) water, calculated from the melt endotherm, varied considerably from 17 to 62% depending on the species and formed three groups. It is suggested that variation in the amount of water frozen in the worms reflects the acclimatisation of these species to the environmental conditions of their habitats.

Journal Article↗