[Factors in prosthesis loosening of cement-free total hip endoprostheses].
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
R Bauer
Publications and source records attributed to R Bauer.
[Slow increase in the size of the left atrium with atrial fibrillation--a congenital pericardial defect or aneurysm of the left atrium?].
Gradual left atrial enlargement and development of atrial fibrillation--congenital pericardial defect or left atrial aneurysm? Left atrial aneurysms are rare. Whether or not a pericardial defect is associated can be ascertained by a diagnostic left-sided pneumothorax with air entering the pericardial cavity, although a negative finding does not necessarily rule out the presence of a defect. Cardiac surgery (aneurysmectomy) is advisable if the patient develops significant symptoms or if there is a progressive increase in atrial size. A case is presented with progressively increasing left atrial aneurysm and the development of atrial fibrillation. Although a pericardial defect was postulated (from echocardiogram, MR, CT, angiogram) the pericardium was found to be intact at surgery.
Atrial Fibrillation↗
[Malnutrition and the immune system].
The immune system is governed by a large number of influences. An important support of the nutritional dependent changes of the reaction to immunity is represented by the prostaglandin and leukotriene system. The basis are essential and non-essential highly unsaturated fatty acids which are transformed by the body's own enzyme system in oxidative steps. As coenzyme and cosubstrate, for instance Vitamin B6 and zinc, are needed--tests show the influence of pyridoxine and folic acid on the immune system. The significance of minerals, especially zinc, iron and selenium, for the immune metabolism will be demonstrated. Selenium deficiency leads, evidently, to a reduction in the ability to stimulate the lymphocytes and decreases the phagocytosis index of the macrophages--some risk groups, responsible for the appearance of the state of malnutrition, will be pointed out and pharmaco-therapeutic prevention measures will be described.
Avitaminosis↗
[Subcutaneous profundus tendon rupture--reconstruction or primary arthrodesis].
Subcutaneous rupture of the flexor tendon is not as rare as described. Between 1972-1982 14 patients with ruptured flexor tendons were treated at the accident hospital in Linz. The average age was 34.8 years. In most of the cases we use primary arthrodesis with the Harrison-Nicolle-Peg, because the external fixation is very short and the method gives secure ankylosis or arthrodesis of the distal finger joint.
Adult↗
[MR tomography in cardiology. II: Flow phenomena].
Flow phenomena modify the information of MR tomograms and can cause artefacts which degrade the image quality. When ECG triggering and suitable modes of excitation are used, flow effects can give diagnostically relevant information concerning global and regional cardiac function and blood flow in vessels. The signal intensity of blood excited by an SE-mode is usually low. The spin echo increases due to the TR-effect. However, the TE-effect reduces the signal of flowing blood with increasing flow velocity. Phase shifts caused by flow generate line-shaped artefacts in the reconstructed tomograms and decrease the signal intensity of all odd spin echoes. The second order phase errors are compensated by phase recombination occurring in all even echoes. Therefore, in double echo acquisition the second spin echo of flowing blood can be higher than the first echo, especially when the flow velocity is physiologically or pathologically reduced. In multi-slice acquisition, time-of-flight effects can be observed, by which a resonance signal induced in one particular slice is shifted to and recorded in another slice.
Blood Flow Velocity↗
[Methodologic prerequisites for quantitative topographic detection of key functions of normal and disordered brain activity in an animal experiment].
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Animals↗
[Personal experiences in surgical treatment of chronic instability of the anterior knee joint].
The results achieved with three different operative methods for the treatment of chronic anterior instabilities of the knee joint are presented. In 23 patients Trillat's modification of the O'Donoghue procedure was performed to reconstruct the medial collateral ligaments and the posterior capsule. Thirteen patients underwent reconstruction of the cruciate ligament with a free graft of the patellar ligament according to the Brückner method. In 37 patients the Brückner method was used for cruciate ligament replacement combined with lateral repair according to Ellison, and in some of these patients the posteromedial portion of the capsule was also reconstructed. Seventy-three patients (87.9% of all operated cases) were followed-up. The average observation period was 2.9 years and the mean age at the time of operation was 33.1 years. Major meniscal lesions were noted in 42 patients (57.5% of the cases). Twenty patients presented with combined instabilities or anteromedial grade II instabilities preoperatively. The majority of cases (53 patients) exhibited complex instabilities or anteromedial grade III instabilities preoperatively. At follow-up the Lachmann test was negative or trace-positive in 11 patients (48%) of group I, in 9 patients (69%) of group II, and in 34 patients (92%) of group III. Other stability tests, such as the pivot shift test and the drawer test, confirmed the superiority of group III. The overall results--considering both objective and subjective factors--showed good to excellent results in 12 patients of group I (52%), in 8 patients of group II (62%), and in 31 patients of group III (84%). We therefore conclude that combined and complex instabilities are indications for surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[Chronic polygraphic study of late postnatal development of healthy rabbits with special reference to behavioral development].
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Aging↗
[Class I alloantigens in alopecia areata].
HLA-ABC antigens in 51 patients suffering from alopecia areata have been analyzed by means of 47 different antigens using the microlymphocytotoxicity test. In comparison with various control populations, there could not be proved any significant association in the tested antigens. Thus we suggest that the reported associations may have been caused by geographical or racial variations.
Alopecia Areata↗
[Fractionated afterloading: an advance in the interstitial irradiation of inoperable malignant brain tumors].
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Adult↗
An analysis of the results of Dwyer and Zielke instrumentations in the treatment of scoliosis.
From 1974 to the end of 1985, 76 operations for correction of scoliosis by the anterior approach using the techniques of Dwyer and Zielke were carried out. This review reports the results of follow-up examination of 55 patients. Differences concerning etiology of curvatures and age of patients are considerable. Twelve patients underwent operation with the Dwyer instrumentation; in the remaining 43 patients the Zielke instrumentation (VDS) was used. Complications were rare and could be managed easily. In the Dwyer group an average correction of 78% could be obtained; the results obtained with the VDS instrumentation were slightly better, with 87% correction of curvatures. With reference to pelvic obliquity, both methods produced similarly good results of 70% and 73% respectively. As for stability, the VDS system is superior to the Dwyer technique; it also offers the possibility of derotation and better lordosis.
Adolescent↗
[Penetrating carotid artery laceration--case report].
Immediate repair of carotid artery lacerations are imperative not only to prevent exsanguination but also for restoration of impaired cerebral blood flow. The preoperative neurological situation is responsible for the expected cerebral damage. We are reporting the case of a five year old boy, who survived without cerebral damage despite deep preoperative unconsciousness.
Carotid Arteries↗
A neutron scattering study of the ternary complex EF-Tu.GTP-valyl-tRNAVal1A.
The complex formation between elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), GTP, and valyl-tRNAVal1A has been investigated in a hepes buffer of "pH" 7.4 and 0.2 M ionic strength using the small-angle neutron scattering method at concentrations of D2O where EF-Tu (42% D2O) and tRNA (71% D2O) are successively matched by the solvents. The results indicate that EF-Tu undergoes a conformational change and contracts as a result of the complex formation, since the radius of gyration decreases by 15% from 2.82 to 2.39 nm. tRNAVal1A, on the other hand, seems to mainly retain its conformation within the complex, since the radii of gyration for the free (after correction for interparticular scattering) and complexed form are essentially the same, 2.38 and 2.47 nm, respectively.
Binding Sites↗
Radionuclide assessment of a normal left ventricular response to exercise in patients without evidence of heart disease.
The aim of this study was to define normal left ventricular performance at rest and during supine bicycle exercise with equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography in a normal population other than young healthy volunteers. Thirty-one patients (mean age 45 years +/- 9 SD) with chest pain of varying origin and no evidence of heart disease proven by means of noninvasive and invasive techniques were studied. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest averaged 0.64 +/- 0.07 SD and increased with peak exercise to 0.73 +/- 0.08 SD (P less than 0.005). Change in LVEF from rest to maximum exercise ranged within 0-0.19. Six patients (19%) failed to augment LVEF with exercise to more than 0.05; none of the patients dropped LVEF during exercise. Multivariate analysis revealed no significant predictors of LVEF response to exercise. However, there was a tendency that resting LVEF and enddiastolic volume index with exercise might influence LVEF response to exercise. Peak left ventricular ejection rate (LVER) at rest averaged 3.3 s-1 +/- 0.6 SD and increased to 5.1 s-1 +/- 1.1 SD (P less than 0.005) with exercise. Peak left ventricular early filling rate (LVFR) was 2.8 s-1 +/- 0.6 SD at rest and was measured 5.5 s-1 +/- 1.3 SD at maximum exercise (P less than 0.005). Left ventricular enddiastolic volume (EDV) did not change significantly from rest to maximum exercise, whereas left ventricular endsystolic volume (ESV) decreased to 79% +/- 19 SD (P less than 0.01) of the value at rest.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Myocardial salvage prior to emergency coronary bypass surgery for PTCA-induced coronary occlusion.
The possibility of prolonged, selective coronary perfusion via angioplasty catheters was evaluated. A pump was developed featuring minimal hemolysis even at high pump pressures. Pressure requirements differed greatly between various catheter types. Catheter-induced hemolysis did not correlate with pump pressure and was mainly due to a turbulent jet effect through sideholes. In 20 of 22 closed-chest dogs, myocardial ischemia could be greatly reduced or completely prevented for over 2 hours after proximal LAD or Cx occlusion. With flow rates between 1 and 2.5 ml/min/kg body weight and using the ECG and coronary venous O2 saturation for rate adjustment, pressure within the selectively perfused vessel never reached critical values. Thus, with the appropriate equipment, prolonged coronary perfusion is feasible. In some cases of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty-(PTCA) induced coronary occlusion, it may prevent ischemic myocardial damage between PTCA-induced acute coronary occlusion and subsequent surgical revascularization.
Journal Article↗
Pharmacology of the anticholinergic bronchospasmolytic agent flutropium bromide.
The anticholinergic agent (8r)-8-(2-fluoroethyl)-3 alpha-hydroxy-1 alpha H,tropanium bromide benzilic acid ester (flutropium bromide, Ba 598 BR) is a classic competitive antagonist of acetylcholine. In in vitro experiments it is more effective than atropine. In addition there are indications, that flutropium bromide may interfere with the anaphylactic reaction in a certain dose range in vitro. In in vivo experiments for the characterization of the anticholinergic properties flutropium bromide is also somewhat more effective than atropine after parenteral administration. Because of its quaternary structure no central anticholinergic effect is detectable. Furthermore, a poor enteral absorption is to be expected; this can be concluded from the low relative effectiveness after oral administration. After systemic administration, flutropium bromide is only slightly more effective than atropine. The duration of action is longer. After local administration as an aerosol it is superior to atropine with regard to both effectiveness and duration of action. Since in aerosol administration the ratio of the main effect to the most sensitive side effects, inhibition of salivary secretion, is 1:100, no side effects are to be expected even after high inhalational overdoses. Flutropium bromide can therefore be described as a preparation which is free of side effects. When used prophylactically it represents a therapeutic alternative to beta-mimetics and xanthine derivatives for most cases of obstructive airway diseases.
Animals↗
[Subpopulations of peripheral T lymphocytes (Th/Ts) in atopic dermatitis and in psoriasis].
In 32 patients with widespread psoriasis (PS) and 23 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) the numbers of peripheral blood pan-T-lymphocytes and their subsets, T-helper (Th) and T-suppressor (Ts) lymphocytes were estimated, using monoclonal antibodies, and compared with the corresponding values in 34 healthy controls. In PS patients, there was a trend towards lowered values (Th/Ts ratio: 1.0-2.6; median value: 1.6), but no other significant changes were seen. In patients with AD, however, the number of circulating pan-T-lymphocytes was increased, with significantly increased Th values and significantly lowered values for Ts lymphocytes (P less than 0.01). The calculated Th/Ts ratio, therefore, was significantly elevated in patients with AD (1.9-4.2; median value 2.8), compared to normal controls (1.4-2.0; median value 1.7). No significant correlation could be detected between Th/Ts ratio and IgE levels in 16 patients with severe AD (r = 0.451). We conclude that quantitative changes in circulating T-cell subsets may represent a characteristic feature of atopic dermatitis.
Adolescent↗
[Deficit of natural killer cells (NK cells) in the peripheral blood of patients with atopic dermatitis].
Immunoregulatory T-cell subsets of the peripheral blood were measured using monoclonal antibodies (Leu series) in a group of 30 patients with atopic dermatitis and 20 healthy control persons. A highly significant reduction (P less than 0.001) in the percentage of Leu 11a+ (NK) and Leu 7+ (K/NK) cells was found in the peripheral blood of patients with atopic dermatitis. The proportion of Leu 2a+ cells (cytotoxic/suppressor) was significantly (P less than 0.001) lower in the patient group. The immunoregulatory ratio of Leu 3a+/Leu 2a+ T cells (helper/suppressor) was significantly (P less than 0.001) higher in the patient group (4.3 +/- 0.3) than in the blood of control persons (2.2 +/- 0.1). The percentage of Leu 11a+ cells was positively correlated with the percentage of Leu 2a+ cells (r = 0.67) and negatively correlated with the ratio of Leu 3a+/Leu 2a+ T cells (r = -0.63).
Adolescent↗