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Biomedical subjects

R B Jones

Publications and source records attributed to R B Jones.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from the endometrium in infertile women with serum antichlamydial antibodies.

Upper genital tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis appears to be a frequent cause of salpingitis and tubal infertility. However, the prevalence of active infection in women with infertility has not been well-defined. To examine this question, endocervical and endometrial cultures for C. trachomatis were obtained from infertile women with serum antibodies to C. trachomatis. The first 19 consecutive patients with titers greater than or equal to 1/32 were cultured. C. trachomatis was recovered from the endometrium or endocervix in six (32%) of the women examined and from the endometrium in five (26%). These findings indicate that a significant portion of infertile women with serum antichlamydial antibodies may have active upper genital tract infection with C. trachomatis at the time of presentation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Fearfulness of hens caged individually or in groups in different tiers of a battery and the effects of translocation between tiers.

The responses of laying hens in several fear-eliciting situations were examined. The effects of group-housing and translocation of birds between tiers upon a previously-observed relationship between fearfulness and cage level were assessed. Birds housed in the top tier showed longer durations of tonic immobility, greater avoidance of a novel rod placed in their food trough and decreased approach, activity and vocalisation when placed in a pen containing a novel object, than did their middle-tier counterparts. This relationship, which was common to birds housed either individually or socially, was disrupted by translocation between tiers. The consistently higher fear scores recorded by birds from the top tier are considered likely to reflect differences in general rather than stimulus-specific fearfulness.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Purification and antigenic relatedness of proteins II of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Gonococcal proteins II from three strains were purified by chromatofocusing, and antisera was raised against them. These antisera were examined by immunoblotting to explore the antigenic relatedness of proteins II of seven different strains. The strongest reactions of the antisera were with the homologous proteins II. The antiserum against the proteins II of one strain also reacted with the proteins II present in all of the heterologous strains, whereas the antisera against the proteins II of two other strains showed little cross-reactivity with heterologous proteins II. Monoclonal antibodies produced against the three proteins II of strain F62 were specific for homologous proteins II and recognized epitopes unique to each individual protein II. These studies confirm the extensive intra- and interstrain variability in the antigenic structure of these proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Differences in outer membrane proteins of the lymphogranuloma venereum and trachoma biovars of Chlamydia trachomatis.

The lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and trachoma biovars of Chlamydia trachomatis exhibit differences in biological properties both in vivo and in vitro. To identify analogous biochemical differences, we studied the molecular charges of chlamydial outer membrane proteins (OMPs) by means of isoelectric focusing and nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis. Analysis of proteins of whole elementary bodies biosynthetically labeled with L-[35S]cysteine revealed that most chlamydial proteins were neutral or acidic. The major OMPs (MOMPs) of all strains tested were acidic and had apparent isoelectric points (pIs) that varied within narrow limits (approximately 5.3 to 5.5) despite differences in molecular mass of up to 3,000 daltons (Da). However, a low-molecular-mass cysteine-rich OMP analogous to that previously described for Chlamydia psittaci varied consistently in molecular mass (12,500 versus 12,000 Da) and pI (5.4 versus 6.9) between LGV strains and trachoma strains, respectively. OMPs with a molecular mass of 60,000 Da in the trachoma biovar strains had pIs in the 7.3 to 7.7 range. However, analogous OMPs in the LGV strains existed as a doublet with a molecular mass of about 60,000 Da. Both members of the doublet were basic (pIs greater than 8.5). Both proteins of this basic doublet in LGV strains and the neutral analog in trachoma strains bound a species-specific monoclonal antibody in an immunoblot assay. These data indicate substantial differences in biochemical characteristics of analogous OMPs in the LGV and trachoma biovars. Such differences are the first structural differences described between LGV and trachoma strains which support their distinction into separate biovars and may be related to some of their biological differences.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1985

Long term management of congenital cataracts.

Presentation and outcome, particularly in terms of development, nursery, and school placement of 55 children with treated congenital cataracts was studied. Results indicate that although most children have satisfactory vision many of their parents would have welcomed more support at the time of the diagnosis, an opportunity to talk to parents of similarly affected children, and further advice on their child's early development and educational placement. It is suggested that improved communications between clinicians, therapists, and teachers, and parents' support groups would be helpful to these families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Chlamydia trachomatis in the pharynx and rectum of heterosexual patients at risk for genital infection.

Although urogenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis are well recognized, less is known about infection at other body sites in adults. Pharyngeal specimens obtained from 706 heterosexual men and 686 women, and rectal specimens obtained from 1223 women who were at risk for chlamydia infection were cultured for C. trachomatis. Urogenital specimens were obtained from all patients. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the pharynx in 3.7% of men and 3.2% of women. Recovery of chlamydiae was not associated with the presence of pharyngeal symptoms, but in women, but not men, it was associated with a history of oral-genital sex. The organism was also recovered from the rectum of 5.2% of the women. Rectal isolation did not correlate with a history of rectal symptoms or rectal sex but did correlate with concurrent genital infection. Infection at these sites may be important in the transmission or persistence of C. trachomatis infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The school-based dental care systems of New Zealand and South Australia--a decade of change.

The purpose of this paper is to review and update the highly successful school-based dental care systems of the country of New Zealand and the state of South Australia. These school-based systems have undergone changes in the past 10 years. The New Zealand Dental Service has greatly reduced the number of dental nurses in training. Declining birth rates, changes in disease patterns, revision of diagnostic criteria, and longer employment trends in women have all had an impact on the system. The South Australian School Dental Service has expanded rapidly in recent years to serve a high percentage of eligible South Australian children. This system also is responding to these factors with flexible programs to meet new trends. Both systems are examples of comprehensive programs of quality dental care that dissolve away SES utilization differences providing equal access to continuity of care for all children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Delayed visual maturation.

Sixteen blind babies who were considered to be showing the characteristics of delayed visual maturation were studied prospectively. The diagnosis was made on clinical grounds, and the criteria for this are discussed. All of these infants developed visual responses between 4 and 6 months of age and had normal or near normal visual acuities by 1 year of age. Long term follow up, however, has shown neurological abnormalities in some of these children.

Developmental Disabilities↗
PubMed1984

Improving the quality of data in a computerised patient master index: implication for costs and patient care.

This study was designed to test the accuracy and completeness of nominal identifying data recorded on a hospital patient master index (PMI) and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of using patient questionnaires for improving quality of data. The study showed that the design of any PMI should include a method of obtaining and storing the last date at which a patient's details were confirmed as correct, a prompt system for identifying missing data and a routine report on completeness and inconsistencies within the data. Both accuracy and completeness of patient identification can be improved by the use of patient questionnaires. The cost of their use is more than matched by the savings obtained from complete accurate data. The use of computer produced questionnaires also reduces the need for peak time activity on busy computer systems.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

Effects of 3-methylcholanthrene on covalent binding and toxicity of 4-ipomeanol in inducible and non-inducible (B6D2) mice.

The effects of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) on the covalent binding and toxicity of 4-ipomeanol (1-(3-furyl)-4-hydroxypentanone, IPO) were studied in (C57BL/6N)(DBA/2N)F1 X DBA/2N backcross (B6D2)D2) mice previously segregated into relatively "inducible" or "non-inducible" groups based on zoxazolamine (2-amino-5-chlorobenzoxazole, ZOX) paralysis times following MC treatment. MC decreased the covalently bound IPO metabolite(s) both in the lungs and in the kidneys of "inducible" and "non-inducible" mice when compared to controls not pretreated with MC. On the other hand, concentrations of covalently bound IPO metabolite(s) in liver were increased in "inducible" mice and decreased in "non-inducible" mice by MC pretreatment when compared to non-pretreated heterogenous mice. Associated with MC pretreatment was a significant decrease in the acute lethality of IPO both in the "inducible" and in the "non-inducible" mice when compared to nonpretreated control animals (LD50: 213 +/- 2, 140 +/- 14 and 14 +/- 4 mg/kg, respectively). Hepatic necrosis occurred frequently in the "inducible" mice and occasionally in the "non-inducible" mice given large IPO doses near the respective LD50-values. Hepatic necrosis was never observed in non-pretreated mice receiving near lethal doses of IPO. These results support previous studies indicating that reactive IPO metabolites binding to extrahepatic tissues are formed in situ and do not reflect binding of blood-borne metabolites formed in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ceftazidime: a new approach in the treatment of moderate and severe infections.

Ninety patients with serious infections, including 61 with septicaemia, pneumonia, peritonitis or meningitis, were treated with ceftazidime. Of these patients, 85.6% were clinically cured (73.3%) or improved (12.2%) by the antibiotic. In this study, 57.7% had infections due to Escherichia coli (24.7%), Klebsiella sp. (14.5%) and Pseudomonas sp. (18.5%). Two children with cystic fibrosis and Pseudomonas pneumonia and an adult with Legionella pneumonia responded well to ceftazidime treatment. Seventy patients had fever before treatment and most of them became apyrexial in less than 2 to 3 days. Ceftazidime was given either intramuscularly (42 patients) or intravenously (48 patients), in a dose of 1 g tds in 71 patients or 2 g tds in severe infections in 11 patients, or reduced to suit the renal function (7 patients) or in paediatric doses (2 children). Blood ceftazidime levels were measured in eight patients with normal renal function. The average level one hour post dosing was 45.2 mg/l and the average trough level was 8.1 mg/l. Six patients were suffering from variable degrees of renal insufficiency (serum creatinine 149 to 668 mmol/l). Their average blood level 1 h post-dosing was 68.8 mg/l. In a patient with meningitis, the CSF level was 2.4 mg/l 2 h after a 1 g dose. These levels are several times the ceftazidime MIC values for most clinical bacterial isolates. Ceftazidime is a valuable and safe alternative to aminoglycoside therapy.

Adolescent↗