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Biomedical subjects

R Adam

Publications and source records attributed to R Adam.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Failure of a pure progestogen contraceptive to affect serum levels of iron, transferrin, protein-bound iodine, and transaminase.

Medroxyprogesterone acetate, a pure progestational agent which is not metabolized to oestrogen, was given to 30 women and shown to have no effect on the serum levels of iron, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin, and protein-bound iodine. Eighteen of these women had previously taken oral contraceptives of the combined oestrogen-progestogen "sequential" type, and during that time these serum levels were raised. Nevertheless, the levels all fell significantly after medroxyprogesterone acetate was given and the "sequential" oral contraceptive was stopped. In a further 12 postpartum women the serum levels did not change significantly after medroxyprogesterone acetate.These observations strongly suggest that raised plasma protein levels resulting from the administration of oral contraceptives are due to the oestrogen component.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronomodulation of chemotherapy against metastatic colorectal cancer. International Organization for Cancer Chronotherapy.

Toxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin (L-OHP), two active drugs against metastatic colorectal cancer, varied by 50% or more according to circadian dosing time in mice or rats. Adaptation of chemotherapy delivery to circadian rhythms (chronotherapy) was assessed in fully ambulatory outpatients, using multichannel programmable pumps. These devices allowed us to reliably test the clinical relevance of such a chronotherapy principle. First, single agent 5-day chronomodulated schedules were devised and assessed in Phase I and II trials with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, peak delivery at 4:00 h) or oxaliplatin (L-OHP, peak at 16:00 h). Both schedules were then combined, folinic acid (FA) being added, synchronous with 5-FU infusion. This three-drug chronomodulated regimen (chrono-FFL) produced a 58% response rate (95% C.I.: 48-68%) in 93 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, 46 of whom had previously received chemotherapy. In the first European randomised trial in 92 previously untreated patients, chronomodulated three-drug delivery achieved 53% response, as compared to 32% in those patients receiving flat infusion (P = 0.038). These respective figures were confirmed in a subsequent multicentre randomised trial involving 186 additional patients. Since the most active schedule was also the least toxic one by 2- to 10-fold, chrono-FFL was further intensified in three consecutive Phase II trials involving a total of 200 additional patients. Results suggest that both response rate and quality were further improved with such treatment intensification. Thus, chrono-FFL more than doubled the activity of chemotherapy against metastatic colorectal cancer in a multicentre European setting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Production and manipulation of elevated temperatures in pig abdomen with a three-electrode capacitive heating device.

The ability of a three-electrode capacitive heating device operating at 13.56 MHz to produce and effect spatial redistribution of hyperthermic temperatures is demonstrated through abdominal heating studies conducted with 80 kg female and 65 kg male pigs. Temperature-time profiles over the respective heating periods were obtained in anterior and posterior superficial tissue and in selected abdominal organs. At selected times during heating, spatial redistribution of elevated temperatures was effected through adjustment of power settings for one or more of the three electrodes, i.e. through manipulation of the specific absorption rate (SAR) in-vivo.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].

TRANSPLANTATION AND RESECTION: Surgery is still the only curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For patients with cirrhosis, liver transplantation for HCC with one nodule less than 5 cm in diameter, or no more than three nodules each less than 3 cm, gives the best results with a 5-year survival rate of 70%. Resection of a single tumor for patients with good liver function may also be performed with curative intent but the rate of recurrence is high. OTHER TECHNIQUES: Cryotherapy and radiofrequency are in-situ destruction methods used for small tumors. In the future, these procedures may compete with hepatic resection. When used alone, intra-arterial treatments, such as chemoembolisation, have only a palliative intent, but they also may be combined with other procedures. The treatment of advanced HCC is still limited and there is no standard approach for its management. HCC WITHOUT CIRRHOSIS: For those with HCC without cirrhosis, the same treatments are available but resection is more often performed because of the ability of the liver to regenerate. The management of patients with HCC with or without cirrhosis may combine several treatment modalities and needs a multi-disciplinary approach.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adult to adult living-related liver transplantation. The Paul-Brousse Hospital preliminary experience].

AIM: Liver-graft shortages justify the development of adult living-related liver transplantation. The preliminary experience with this technique at Paul-Brousse Hospital is reported. PATIENTS ET METHODES: From January to July 2000, 7 adult to adult living-related liver transplantations were performed. Donors were 5 females and 2 males aged 20 to 53 years old (median: 41). A right liver graft was harvested in all cases. Recipients were 5 males and 2 females aged from 17 to 58 years old (median: 50) transplanted for viral cirrhosis (4 cases including 2 with hepatocellular carcinoma), subfulminant hepatitis (1 case), hepatocellular carcinoma on a healthy liver (1 case), and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (1 case). Follow-up ranged from 41 to 157 days (median: 117 days). RESULTS: One donor had a biliary fistula that healed spontaneously. One donor had asterixis for 24 hours. The 7 donors are alive at home without any late complications. One recipient was retransplanted for hepatic artery thrombosis and 2 recipients had a biliary fistula that healed spontaneously. The 7 recipients are alive at home with normal liver function. CONCLUSION: Our experience and other reports suggest that adult to adult living-related liver transplantation is feasible with rare mortality and low morbidity in donors. Results in recipients are comparable to those obtained with cadaveric grafts. For a given patient the possibility of living related donation might extend the indications for transplantation without penalizing patients waiting for a cadaveric graft.

Adolescent↗