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Biomedical subjects

R Abe

Publications and source records attributed to R Abe.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

High incidence of 17p13 chromosomal abnormalities in malignant histiocytosis.

Cytogenetic analyses of three patients during autopsy who had a pathologic diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis and of one patient who was strongly suspected to have malignant histiocytosis because of her clinical and hematologic findings were done. All three patients studied with bone marrow specimens showed polyploidy (3.4-20%). Two of three patients with chromosomal abnormalities showed 17p+ markers with a breakpoint at 17p13. Seven of 22 previously reported malignant histiocytosis patients (32%) with descriptions of detailed whole karyotypes have the 17p+ markers, including two of the authors' patients. Five of seven patients with 17p+ involved 17p13. Although breakpoints at the 17p+ in the remaining two were not described, their karyotypes were shown to possibly involve 17p13. The high incidence of this abnormality is not considered accidental, and this breakpoint is not usual in many other neoplastic disorders. These facts may indicate that 17p13 chromosome abnormality is a specific change of malignant histiocytosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Study on carbohydrate antigen NCC-ST-439 in breast cancer].

We evaluated the clinical significance of serum NCC-ST-439 (ST439) in sera from 20 healthy women, 8 patients with benign breast disease and 105 patients with breast cancer (79 primary, 26 recurrent) by using enzyme immuno-assay (EIA). No false positive case was noted in the measuring of ST439 for healthy women and patients with benign breast disease. The positive rates of ST439 were 23% (18/79) in primary breast cancers and 50% (13/26) in recurrent breast cancers. The serum levels of ST439 in stage I breast cancer was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than those in healthy women, but there was no significant difference among each stage. The serum levels of ST439 were not significantly different among the subsets such as T, n, m and histological types. The high levels of serum ST439 were observed in two cases with mucinous carcinoma. Although there were no relation between ST439 and receptor status, the higher serum levels of ST439 were observed in postmenopausal patients than premenopausal ones. The positive frequency of serum ST439 in stage I and II breast cancers was higher than that of CEA, TPA or CA15-3, while the positive rate in recurrent breast cancer was the lowest among 4 tumor markers. These results suggest that ST439 is a useful tumor marker for not only detecting the recurrence of breast cancer but also diagnosing primary breast cancer in early stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An overview of breast cancer mass screening in Japan].

To establish the effective mass screening projects for the breast cancer, our study group cosponsered by the Welfare Ministry was organized by 11 regional groups. From 1968 to 1986, 643, 513 women at the initial screening and 719, 189 women at the subsequent screening were examined by physical examination. Out of them, abnormalities were present in 24, 864 women (3.9%) and 23,880 (3.3%), respectively. A detection of cancer was made in 833 women (detection rate 1.3%) and 428 women (0.6%), respectively. As the examinees increased from year to year, the subsequent examinees were over the initial ones. It was suggested that most of examinees had been fixed year by year and the detection rate of initial screening had been higher than that of the subsequent one. Then more initial examinees are expected to be increased. Women 30 to 59 years of age were mostly screened, but women aged 60 or more should be increased. Of women with abnormal physical findings, women over 90% took the second examination. But more effective, economical and safer screening instruments are expected to be developed and be used at the first examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid--a report of three cases.

Three cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid are reported herein. In all cases, the carcinoma occurred in old age and was characterized by a rapidly growing tumor, usually associated with dyspnea and dysphagia. The prognosis of all 3 cases was poor, with a mean survival of only 6.3 months. Although squamous metaplasia is an accepted etiology of this disease, clinical investigation of the cases presented here does not favor it in consideration of the clinical features of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with squamous metaplasia. The histological findings of our cases revealed areas of cystic formation, suggesting that some of these carcinomas may be derived from remnants of embryonic origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The effect of recombinant interleukin 2 in combination with mitomycin C on advanced cancer.

We recently discovered that the ability of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C (MMC) administration. Based on our clinical findings, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of MMC 12 mg/m2 given intravenously on day 1 and recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2) 700 U/m2 given intravenously every 12 hr from day 4 through day 8, when the generation of LAK cells had been shown to be markedly increased. Ten patients with various advanced carcinomas for which standard therapy had failed or no standard therapy was available, were treated with this regimen. Of these ten, three had a partial response and three others had a minor response. Fevers were common and anemia occurred in four patients, but nevertheless, severe toxicity was not encountered. These results indicated that rIL 2 in combination with MMC might be effective against advanced carcinoma without causing severe toxicity when these drugs are used in an appropriate combination.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The operative management of intraductal papilloma of the breast.

Intraductal papillary tumors of the breast exhibit bloody nipple discharge with often no evidence of a palpable tumor, making discrimination between benign and malignant lesions sometimes difficult for pathologists and surgeons. However, appropriate surgical management requires correct differentiation between these lesions. According to previously reported 3-dimensional analyses of intraductal papillary lesions, solitary papilloma originates in the large ducts while multiple papilloma originates in the peripheral ducts and often coexists with intraductal carcinoma. We performed selected ductolobular segmentectomy on both solitary and multiple intraductal papilloma, and even on small foci of intraductal carcinoma which were found inadvertently. The favorable results of this surgery include a fine cosmetic appearance, functional breast feeding and no recurrence of papilloma during the 2 to 7 year follow-up period. In this article, the operative method of selected ductolobular segmentectomy is described.

Breast↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric DNA analysis of thyroid carcinoma.

Abnormal DNA content has been considered as an additional criterion for determining the biological behavior of a tumor. Flowcytometric DNA analysis was done on 121 patients with thyroid carcinoma encountered during the period between 1975 and 1987. Tumor tissues were sampled from paraffin-embedded blocks and the histology of thyroid carcinoma found to consist of 91 papillary, 23 follicular, 2 medullary, 1 squamous cell and 4 anaplastic carcinomas. The incidence of aneuploidy in thyroid carcinoma was 7.4 per cent (9 patients) while that of diploidy was 92.6 per cent (112 patients). The aneuploid specimens consisted of 6 papillary, 1 follicular, 1 medullary and 1 anaplastic carcinomas and, of 4 anaplastic carcinoma patients with subsequent death within 6 months, only 1 was aneuploid. As an indicator of proliferative potential, S-phase fraction (SPF) was also determined by flow cytometry, but this could not be used as an independent prognostic factor. The aneuploid patients showed a significantly decreased survival rate (p less than 0.01). Thus, although DNA measurement proved useful for predicting the survival of aneuploid patients, there is some discrepancy between DNA content and the biological behavior of the tumor.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Clinical study of pirarubicin for breast cancer in Japan. Clinical Study Group of THP for Breast Cancer in Japan.

The efficacy and toxicity of (2''R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin (THP) were assessed in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer by the Japan THP Study Group. Mean plasma levels of THP after single-dose administration revealed triexponential decay characterized by an initial half-life of 0.89 h. A higher concentration of THP was obtained in the metastatic lymph nodes than in the breast cancer tissue at 4 h after administration (4.01 vs. 1.17 micrograms/g). Whereas 1 complete (CR) and 12 partial response (PR) were observed in 56 evaluable patients after administration of THP alone (23.2%), 1 CR and 12 PR were observed in 37 evaluable patients who had combination therapy including THP (35.1%). Multivariate analysis of prognostic factor revealed that the site of metastases had the most valuable prognostic significance; second was irradiation in the previous treatment, and third was the disease-free interval. Life-table analysis adjusted with the Cox proportional hazard model revealed a similar survival curve of patients receiving THP-cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil (CAF) to that of those receiving CAF only in spite of the low incidence of toxicity in the THP therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inactivation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in blood by sodium thiosulfate.

The mode of inactivation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) in the bloodstream by sodium thiosulfate (STS) was investigated experimentally and clinically by a bioassay system using the phytohemagglutinin stimulation assay of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Active DDP in the plasma of dogs after 3 mg/kg of DDP injection, assessed by the bioassay system, was almost completely inactivated, when the level of STS in the plasma was more than 500 times higher at molar STS/DDP ratios than that of DDP. In 6 patients with hepatic malignancies who were treated with hepatic artery infusion of 3 mg/kg DDP and systemic STS, active DDP in the plasma was not detectable in the concurrent presence of STS at molar ratios of more than 500. Severe DDP toxicity in these patients was completely protected. The results indicate that an inactivation of DDP in the bloodstream after DDP injection and, further, an effective protection against DDP toxicity can be achieved by the concurrent presence of STS at molar ratios of more than 500 in the plasma of these patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

'Two-route chemotherapy' using cisplatin and its neutralizing agent, sodium thiosulfate, for intraperitoneal cancer.

The pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal cisplatin (DDP) administered with simultaneous intravenous sodium thiosulfate (STS) were investigated by a bioassay system using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation assay of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM). Active DDP in the plasma, assessed by the bioassay system, was almost completely inactivated, when the level of STS in the plasma was more than 500 times higher at molar STS/DDP ratios than that of DDP. However, the peak level of active DDP in the peritoneal cavity was not significantly decreased. Fourteen patients with intraperitoneal carcinoma were treated with intracavitary DDP chemotherapy in combination with STS in this setting. Of 8 patients with malignant ascites who were evaluable for response, 4 patients experienced complete disappearance of ascites and the remaining 4 patients responded with apparent decrease in the volume of their ascites. No serious drug-associated toxicity was encountered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Experience with transurethral uretero-nephrolithotripsy using flexible nephro-ureteroscope].

Disintegration of urinary stones by electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) under transurethral flexible nephro-ureteroscopy was performed for 39 renal and ureteral stones in 38 patients. The use of a ureteral guide tube facilitated the endoscopic manipulation and allowed the endoscope to access the stones in all cases except for two with a severe ureteral stricture. Thirty-seven of the 39 stones (94.9%) were successfully disintegrated and 35 stones (89.7%) were distracted. And 33 stones were completely excreted within 6 months (average, 27.9 days). Complications including ureteral perforation in 3 cases, one of whom required open ureterolithotomy, urinary extravasation in one, failure of removing the ureteral stent in one and perirenal abscess in one who underwent surgical incision. The transurethral flexible endoscope provides a clear vision in the whole urinary tract up to the renal calyx with a minimal complication. This technique could be used as a non-invasive treatment of urolithiasis adjunct to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and also it could be an effective measure for other urological diseases such as the upper urinary tract tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acute promyelocytic leukemia associated with insulinoma: a case report.

We report a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) coexisting with insulinoma in a 61-year-old female. Two years before the onset of APL, she was diagnosed as having insulinoma and underwent resection of the body and tail of the pancreas, but no insulinoma was found in the resected pancreas. The clinical symptoms of hyperinsulinism, however, continued after the operation and were treated with diazoxide (100 mg daily, 37 g in total) for about two years until the onset of APL. During the induction therapy for APL, she died of hemorrhage and infection; autopsy revealed the presence of insulinoma (13 X 9 mm in size) in the residual pancreas head. This is the first case report of coexistence of APL and insulinoma.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1990

[Enhanced effect of hepatic arterial infusion of anticancer drugs of rabbit VX-2 hepatic implants].

To obtain a high concentration of adriamycin (ADR) in hepatic malignant tumors, intraarterial injection method was devised depending upon the different application with Lipiodol. The VX-2 carcinoma was implanted in the domestic rabbit after laparotomy. When the tumor grew to 2 cm in size, ADR was infused through the hepatic artery by the following four methods; Group 1, one shot injection of ADR (n = 5); Group 2, ADR infusion between Lipiodol injections (n = 6); Group 3, infusion of Lipiodol suspended with Urographin dissolved in Lipiodol (n = 7); Group 4, ADR dissolved in Lipiodol by Sonicator (n = 5). ADR concentration of the tumor, liver, heart, kidney and bone marrow were measured by HPLC one hour after ADR administration. In Group 3, the concentrations of ADR within tumor were significantly higher than in the other three groups (p less than 0.01 or less than 0.02). In addition, the tumor-to-liver ratio of ADR was significantly higher in the other three groups (p less than 0.05 or less than 0.10). ADR concentration of heart and kidney was lower in Group 3 than in the other groups. These results suggest that Lipiodol may enhance the therapeutic effects of hepatic arterial ADR infusion by hepatic arterial ADR infusion by increasing its tumor uptake.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of brain metastasis from breast cancer responding to chemoendocrine therapy].

Brain metastasis is one of the most critical metastatic lesion on the treatment of breast cancer. We reported a case with brain metastasis from breast cancer responding to chemoendocrine therapy. The patient was 71 years old female complaining gait disturbance. Solitary brain metastasis and multiple bone metastases of breast cancer were diagnosed by CT scan and bone scintigram. Standard radical mastectomy was done. Estrogen receptor was proved to be positive in both of the tumor and metastatic lymph node. Tamoxifen and UFT were administered as chemoendocrine therapy. Complete response of brain metastasis was recognized in CT scan and gait disturbance was complete recovered two months after the treatment. She is now living well.

Aged↗