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Biomedical subjects

R A Filly

Publications and source records attributed to R A Filly.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Computed tomography and ultrasonography in the evaluation of the retroperitoneum in patients with malignant ascites.

The computed tomographic (CT) body scans of 59 patients and ultrasonograms of 31 patients, all with malignant disease, were reviewed to determine the effect of ascites on the ability to image the retroperitoneum. In 95% of cases evaluated by CT, the retroperitoneal structures were well seen. In 35% of the cases evaluated by ultrasonography, the retroperitoneum was completely obscured by bowel gas and partially obscured in an additional 55%. As a result of this study, it is felt that CT should be the procedure of choice when a thorough evaluation of the retroperitoneum is necessary in patients with large amounts of abdominal ascites.

Ascites↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonography of the diaphragmatic crura.

The diaphragmatic crura are being recognized with increasing frequency on routine sonograms. In a study of 100 random patients the right crus was seen in parasagittal scans in 50% of patients and in transverse scans in approximately 90%. The left crus was not specifically identified on parasagittal scans, but was visible in about 50% of patients on transverse scans. Longitudinal coronal approaches can significantly improve visualization of the crura.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1979

Portal and hepatic veins: accuracy of margin echoes for distinguishing intrahepatic vessels.

One hundred randomly selected sonograms were retrospectively reviewed to determine the accuracy of employing the margin characteristics of intrahepatic venous radicals to distinguish portal from hepatic veins; 99% of intrahepatic portal veins demonstrated high amplitude acoustic margins. However, one or more hepatic veins also had high amplitude acoustic margins in 29% of patients in whom intraparenchymal hepatic veins were identified. The authors conclude that an intrahepatic venous structure without an echogenic border is almost invariably an hepatic vein, although other anatomical features should be considered for proper classification of intrahepatic venous structures which demonstrate high amplitude echoes surrounding the lumen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The central uterine cavity echo: a useful anatomic sign in the ultrasonographic evaluation of the female pelvis.

The frequency with which the central uterine cavity was seen during gray-scale ultrasonography was evaluated both retrospectively (100 patients) and prospectively (20 patients). In the retrospective study, the echo was seen in 90% of patients; in the prospective study it was demonstrated 100% of the time. Of 30 patients with intrauterine pregnancies between three and twelve weeks fetal age, the echo was not seen on any scan. The demonstration of this echo can be diagnostically useful in excluding an intrauterine pregnancy or identifying the uterus when confusing pelvic pathology is present.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Fetal pseudoascites.

A sonolucent band (pseudoascites) was retrospectively identified beneath the fetal abdominal wall in 39.7% of 141 normal obstetrical sonograms. In 12.6% of the examinations, the band was wide enough to be potentially confused with actual ascites. Pseudoascites was unrelated to fetal age or position, placental location, or equipment used. It was not reliably present on sequential examinations. The origin of this artifact remains unclear.

Ascites↗
PubMed1979

The decidual cast of ectopic pregnancy: a confusing ultrasonographic appearance.

The appearance of the central uterine cavity was analyzed in 39 cases of ectopic pregnancy. In nearly 20% of cases, a fluid collection surrounded by an echogenic ring was present which could be mistaken for a normal early intrauterine pregnancy. When ectopic pregnancy is suspected clinically, and there is fluid in the cul-de-sac or an adnexal mass on ultrasound, a fetal pole should be evident within the central fluid collection before a definitive diagnosis of intrauterine pregnancy is made.

Decidua↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonographic localization of the gallbladder.

A linera echo connecting the gallbladder to the right or main portal vein was seen on ultrasonograms in a high percentage of patients (68%). This echo represents a portion of the main lobar fissure of the liver and appears to be a reliable anatomical indicator of the location of the gallbladder. The anatomical features responsible for this echo are discussed.

Fasting↗
PubMed1979

Acoustic shadowing due to refractive and reflective effects.

Acoustic shadowing may be seen distal to the margins of rounded structures having different acoustic velocities from the surrounding tissue. Refractive and reflective mechanisms for such shadowing are reviewed and in vitro demonstrations of such shadowing are presented. Clinical examples of refractive and reflective shadows are given, and their importance is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Annual oration. Detection of abdominal abscesses: a combined approach employing ultrasonography, computed tomography and gallium-67 scanning.

The identification and localization of intraabdominal abscesses is both an important and challenging task for the radiologist. Fortunately, three non-invasive imaging techniques are available which when used appropriately can virtually assure detection of an abscess. Consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of each modality will often indicate the most propitious sequence of investigations in the individual patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasonography in the evaluation of intrauterine transfusion.

Numerous techniques have been described in the literature to aid the obstetrician in safely and easily performing an intrauterine transfusion. None, however, have addressed themselves to the question of whether the transfused cells actually enter the fetal peritoneal cavity. We have used gray-scale ultrasonography to evaluate this question in 4 patients who had undergone a total of 8 intrauterine transfusions. By scanning the fetal abdomen both before and after the transfusion, we were able to identify the transfused fluid within the fetal abdomen in all cases.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Anatomic variation of portal venous anatomy in the porta hepatis: ultrasonographic evaluation.

The appearance of the portal vein as it crosses anterior to the inferior vena cava and enters the liver at the porta hepatis was evaluated on 100 longitudinal and 100 transverse ultrasonograms. Three major variations were noted on the parasagittal scans, while four major variations were evident on the transverse images. These variations were primarily related to the size of the left portal vein and the angle at which the left portal vein coursed away from the main portal vein. The appearance and course of the proximal right portal vein was extremely constant and may therefore be used as a landmark to detect pathologic processes in the porta hepatis. Detection of altered anatomy in this region may be especially helpful in correctly differentiating dilated intrahepatic bile ducts from normal portal veins.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonographic identification of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts and their differentiation from portal venous structures.

The appearance of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts was evaluated on ultrasonograms of 50 patients with proven extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Five characteristic changes allowed differentiation between biliary and portal venous systems. These changes included: 1) alteration in the anatomic pattern adjacent to the main right portal venous segment and the main portal vein bifurcation. 2) Irregular walls of dilated bile ducts. 3) Stellate confluence of dilated bile ducts. 4) Acoustic enhancement by dilated bile ducts. 5) Peripheral location of dilated bile ducts. Many patients exhibited more than one of these findings. Parasagittal scans of the main right portal vein were the most sensitive for detection of intrahepatic ductal dilatation. Recognition of the characteristic changes and knowledge of the portal venous anatomy makes it possible to diagnose extrahepatic biliary obstruction with a high degree of confidence.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonography for guidance of amniocentesis in genetic counseling.

The value of preliminary ultrasonography as a guide for amniocentesis in the early second trimester of pregnancy was prospectively evaluated. One hundred and fifty patients were alternately assigned to a control group or to an ultrasound group who underwent examination with a real-time scanner immediately prior to amniocentesis. All amniotic fluid samples were assessed as to the presence of blood by: (1) visual observation during the amniocentesis; (2) appearance of the centrifugate; and (3) microscopic analysis. Ultrasonography did not reduce the failure rate, the incidence of multiple needle insertions, or the proportion of amniotic fluid samples containing blood.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1978

CT scanning and ultrasound in the evaluation of pancreatic pseudocysts: a preliminary comparison.

A retrospective review of 12 surgically proved cases of pancreatic pseudocyst was performed. CT correctly demonstrated 6/8 uncomplicated pseudocysts and 4/4 infected pseudocysts. Ultrasound identified 7/8 uncomplicated and 2/4 infected pseudocysts. Errors by one modality are due to limitations not shared by the other method. This suggests a basis for the complementary use of CT scanning and ultrasound in the evaluation of suspected pancreatic pseudocysts.

Adult↗