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Biomedical subjects

P Weber

Publications and source records attributed to P Weber.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hereditary lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Case report of a German patient.

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency was first described in a Norwegian family as an inborn error of metabolism. Altogether, 35 patients in 18 families have been identified. The authors report the first German patient, who presented with the characteristic clinical features of corneal opacity, proteinuria, and mild anemia. Renal biopsy revealed foam cells and an increased mesangial matrix in the glomeruli. Confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of LCAT deficiency was obtained by plasma enzyme and lipid analyses. Functional LCAT activity was not detected in incubated plasma by chemical or radiochemical methods, although rocket immunoelectrophoresis indicated that the patient had about one-third of normal LCAT mass. In keeping with other reports of LCAT deficiency, apoE-rich discoidal particles were seen in the patient's high-density lipoprotein fraction by electron microscopic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Bactericidal effect of ofloxacin alone and combined with fosfomycin or vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in sera from volunteers.

The bactericidal activity of ofloxacin alone and in combination was evaluated against strains of Staphylococcus aureus by measuring MBCs, FBC indexes and by the killing curve technique. Bactericidal titres were determined in sera from volunteers given ofloxacin alone or in combination with fosfomycin or vancomycin. FBC indices less than 0.75 were observed with fosfomycin, showing moderate synergy. FBC indices of 1 were seen with vancomycin. Killing kinetic experiments indicated that ofloxacin (1 and 4 mg/l) exerted a rapid bactericidal effect (99.9% killing in 4 h); the combination of ofloxacin and fosfomycin was synergistic for one of three strains, while killing kinetics of ofloxacin were unaltered by fosfomycin for two of three strains or by vancomycin for the three strains. Sera collected two hours after ofloxacin or fosfomycin had been administered had bactericidal titres less than 1/2. Bactericidal titres were significantly greater in sera from volunteers given the combination of these two drugs. Similar bactericidal titres were obtained in sera after the administration of vancomycin alone or in combination with ofloxacin. A loading dose of 400 mg ofloxacin with subsequent doses of 200 mg had no significantly prolonged effect on bactericidal titres.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Activity of fusidic acid on strictly anaerobic bacteria].

Fusidic acid is a well known antimicrobial agent due to its narrow spectrum of activity against Gram positive bacteria and especially staphylococci. Therefore, it is after used preventively against bacterial infection in traumatology, but the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria is not well known. We have studied, the in vitro activity of sodium fusidate against 147 strains of anaerobic bacteria. This antibiotic has a moderate activity against Bacteroides, more significant against Clostridium, Peptococcus et Peptostreptococcus; it has no bactericidal activity. Clostridium difficile is different from other anaerobic bacteria because of its slow MIC and its MBC near to its MIC. Fusidic acid could be proposed for the treatment of pseudomembranous and antibiotic-associated colitis induced by Clostridium difficile.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1987

Effects of the two new anthelmintic agents CGP 6140 and CGP 20376 on adult Paragonimus uterobilateralis in the experimental host Sigmodon hispidus.

The new compounds CGP 6140 and CGP 20376 were tested for their anthelmintic activity against adult Paragonimus uterobilateralis in experimentally infected Sigmodon hispidus. Both drugs were effective at a dosage of 2 x 100 mg/kg b.w. given orally with an interval of six hours between the doses. This regimen killed 80% of the flukes collected on Days 7 and 11 after treatment with CGP 6140 and 100% of the flukes collected on Days 5, 7, and 11 after therapy with CGP 20376. Both compounds showed no effect at single doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg or with 12.5 and 25 mg/kg/day given on four consecutive days.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Causes of error in the study of fibrinogen clumping and the diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus: Micrococci and Acinetobacter].

Rapid presumptive identification of S. aureus, particularly on the agar slant of biphasic blood culture bottles can be performed by modified slide clumping factor tests. We compared two commercial reagents (Staphyslide and Staphaurex) using strains of "Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters" (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Micrococcus) or diplococci-like organisms such as Acinetobacter. Micrococcus and Acinetobacter can be responsible for false-positive reactions with sensitized or not sensitized particles. Control reactions with not sensitized particles or autoagglutination tests in water rather than saline must be performed.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of iodized table salt on the iodine supply of adults and children].

In 42 families from Dortmund iodine intake by dairy products, sea-fish and iodized salt used at home was measured. Urinary excretion of iodine in 24 h-urine samples and spontaneous samples before and after the use of iodized salt was estimated in each person. TSH levels were measured in 71 persons before and after the introduction of iodized salt. Mean daily intake of iodine by milk and sea-fish was calculated as 53 micrograms/d in adults and adolescents (greater than 12 years, n = 95), 57 micrograms/d in pupils (greater than 6- less than 12 years, n = 36) and 40 micrograms/d in small children (less than 6 years, n = 20). The median of iodine excretion in 24 h-urine samples before the use of iodized salt (after 6 months of use) was 61 micrograms/d (77 micrograms/d) in men, 30 micrograms/d (49 micrograms/d) in boys aged more than 12 years, 39 micrograms/d (49 micrograms/d) in women and girls aged more than 12 years, 21 micrograms/d (33 micrograms/d) in pupils and 21 micrograms/d (28 micrograms/d) in small children. There was a corresponding increase of iodine excretion in spontaneous urine samples. These data agree with our estimation of an additional intake of about 20 micrograms iodine/d. In 11 children and adolescents with stage I goiter serum levels of TSH tended to be lower after using iodized salt for 6 months. An adequate additional intake of iodine of about 100 micrograms/d in German adults can not be met by the exclusive use of iodized salt (20 micrograms/g) at home, as the intake of iodized salt is far below the 5 g/day necessary to meet this goal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Iodized salt consumption and sodium chloride metabolism].

In 42 families from Dortmund common table salt was replaced by iodized salt. In adults and adolescents over 12 years (n = 95) median intake of iodized salt at home was 1.9 g/d, in schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years (n = 36) 1.6 g/d and in small children (n = 20) 0.9 g/d. The range of the individual intake of iodized salt was large. Only 7% of the adults and the adolescents used more than 5 g/d. Only 39% of the daily consumption of iodized salt was directly added to the food consumed, whereas 61%, used e. g. to season cooking water, was only partially ingested. Overall urinary excretion of sodium chloride within the groups studied did not differ from data from other German groups. In men and boys median urinary excretion of sodium chloride was 12.2 g/d, in women and girls 9.5 g/d, in schoolchildren 5.9 g/d, and in small children 3.5 g/d. The consumption of iodized salt at home with an iodine concentration of 20 micrograms/g may increase iodine intake in adults and adolescents by about 20 micrograms/d. As an iodine deficit of about 100 micrograms/d cannot be met by regular consumption of iodized salt at home the present concept for prophylaxis of iodine deficiency should be revised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides of rat erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoproteins.

The carbohydrate units of the rat erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoprotein rSGP-4 [Edge, A. S. B., & Weber, P. (1981) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 209, 697-705] have been characterized. All of the carbohydrate of this Mr 19,000 glycoprotein occurs in O-glycosidic linkage to the peptide; following alkaline borohydride treatment and chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2, sialic acid containing oligosaccharides terminating in N-acetylgalactosaminitol were obtained. Their structures were determined by compositional analysis, exoglycosidase digestions, alkaline sulfite degradation, and periodate oxidation. The oligosaccharides were characterized for molecular weight and linkage by direct chemical ionization and gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. The structures are proposed to be NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-ol, Gal beta 1----3(NeuAc alpha 2----6)GalNAc-ol, NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuAc alpha 2----6)GalNAc-ol, and NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc-ol. Two of the N-acetylglucosamine-containing hexasaccharides were present per molecule of rSGP-4 along with two trisaccharides and seven tetrasaccharides.

Animals↗