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Biomedical subjects

P Warren

Publications and source records attributed to P Warren.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A study of factors associated with changes in dental anxiety.

Patients were given the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) to complete and asked to indicate the degree of pain they expected to feel on that day's visit to a dentist. After the appointment, they indicated the degree of pain actually experienced. Three months later, the patients were contacted by mail and asked about the amount of pain they remembered having experienced and to complete the DAS again. There was considerable stability in DAS scores over the two administrations, but some of the change in scores was associated with the discrepancy between the degree of pain the patients expected and the degree of pain they actually experienced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A randomized blind study comparing standard heparin and a new low molecular weight heparinoid in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in dogs.

Postoperative hemorrhage remains a serious complication in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. In our study, alternative anticoagulation with a new low molecular weight (LMW) heparinoid (Org 10172) was compared with a standardized heparin regimen. A preliminary dose-finding study indicated the minimal effective heparinoid dose to be 260 anti-Xa U/kg body weight, which was comparable to the standardized heparin regime, as revealed by similar plasma anti-Xa values. The following randomized open pilot study in 12 mongrel dogs undergoing CPB showed the heparinoid to be as effective as heparin, with an additional advantageous decrease in postoperative blood loss in the Org 10172 group. Our randomized blind study in 16 mongrel dogs undergoing CPB was performed to confirm previous results. Both antithrombotic agents were effective in the prevention of clot formation within the extracorporeal circuit. Hematocrit values and erythrocyte and platelet counts showed no significant intergroup differences. Post-CPB leukocyte counts revealed a significantly more rapid increase in the group given heparinoid (P less than 0.05). In the group given heparin, the expected prolongations of both the thrombin time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were noted, whereas in the group given heparinoid, only a transient peak prolongation of the TT after dose administration was revealed, and no significant prolongation of the APTT. Mean anti-Xa plasma levels were similar during CPB, showing a rapid decrease in the group given heparin on protamine administration, as did the APTT. Assessment of the operating field indicated an elevated intraoperative blood loss in the group given heparin. Postoperative blood loss measured over a period of 2.5 hours after closure of the thorax was significantly lower in the group given heparinoid than in the heparinized animals (625 +/- 100.0 ml, mean +/- SD, and 806 +/- 178.2 ml, respectively; P less than 0.05). Our observations suggest that the LMW heparinoid Org 10172 has an increased benefit/risk ratio over standard heparin and is effective in CPB in dogs. Additional investigations in humans should verify the possibility of use of this substance as an alternative means of anticoagulation during CPB in patients in whom heparin is relatively contraindicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Serum total immunoglobulin E levels in Canadian adults.

A history of respiratory and allergic disorders was obtained in a white, rural population with ages 20 to 65 yr. Allergy skin testing was performed, and total IgE was measured by PRIST method. One thousand eight hundred and fourteen subjects were studied. Those subjects with positive allergic skin reactions and a history of allergic disorders and smoking were excluded to provide a reference group to derive "normal" values of total IgE. The mean level of the total IgE of this reference group was 12.1 U/ml. The upper limit of the normal range of total IgE levels was estimated at 87.3 U/ml. IgE levels did not differ between the sexes or with age in our adult population.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Retrieval from semantic memory at different times of day.

This study is concerned with retrieval from semantic memory at different times of day. Three groups of eight subjects classified high-, medium-, and low-dominance category members as positive or negative instances of specified test categories in the morning (09.00), afternoon (14.00), or evening (20.00). Classification latencies became faster over the day. Positive test instances were classified faster than negative test instances. There was an interaction such that the difference in the time taken to classify high- relative to low-dominance category members was greater for positive instances and smaller for negative instances in the morning compared with the afternoon and evening. We propose that retrieval efficiency is lower and that a different retrieval strategy is adopted in the morning compared with later in the day. We suggest that the retrieval strategy adopted in the morning serves to minimize cognitive load and effort in a state of relatively low circadian arousal.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Residual injury in the spinal cord after treatment with X rays or neutrons.

Residual injury in the spinal cord 100 days after X rays or neutrons was measured by the reduction in dose of a second radiation required to produce nerve damage assessed by the development of ataxia within the first post-irradiation year. Between 5-10% residual damage was observed after X-ray doses of 25% or 50% of the single X-ray dose which produced ataxia in 50% of animals (ED50), but 30% residual injury was observed if the X-ray dose was 75% of the ED50 dose. Neutron doses of 25% and 50% of the ED50 neutron dose gave the same level of residual injury as observed after equivalent X-ray doses, indicating that for this type of damage the shedding of residual damage was similar after X rays or neutrons. More residual damage is observed after a dose of X rays for vascular related damage than for damage associated with glial cell loss. However, if residual damage is expressed in terms of the relevant vascular or glial cell damage caused by the priming dose the same relationship between primary damage and residual damage is seen for both glial and vascular related damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Stillbirth.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1977

The effect of alpha-1-acetylmethadol hydrochloride on rat hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and epoxide hydrase.

Male and female Wistar rats were administered alpha-1-acetylmethadol via their drinking water for one to two weeks. Hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, cytochrome P-450 and epoxide hydrase activities were measured after various doses of this drug. In female rats, a significant increase in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and cytochrome P-450 occurred at doses as low as 4.7 mg/Kg/day. However, no change in epoxide hydrase activity occurred. In male rats, a significant increase in epoxide hydrase activity occurred at all doses tested. From these results, it is concluded that alpha-1-acetylmethadol induces a number of hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Hypersensitive lung disease due to avian antigens.

Five patients, three exposed to budgerigars (parakeets) and two to chickens, had immunological lung reactions. A Type III hypersensitivity response likely accounts for the pulmonary alteration. The inflammatory exudate accumulates within the alveolar walls and adjacent lobular septa. Radiologically, this is manifested as reticular linear densities and/or multiple small nodules, the interstitial pattern. With spillage into the distal air spaces, an acinar pattern emerges. As this disease is reversible in its early stages, increased awareness and proper management may lead to a reduction in the number of patients who are subsequently diagnosed as having "idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis".

Adult↗