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Biomedical subjects

P Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to P Wagner.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Tampon-induced changes in vaginal oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions.

Vaginal oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions were measured continuously in a group of normal young women on the second day of menstruation during a 90-minute period. PO2 averaged 3 mm Hg (+/- 11 SD) and PCO2 averaged 64 mm Hg (+/- 13 SD). The value rose to that of atmospheric air when a tampon was inserted and gradually fell, giving a mean value of 112 mm Hg (+/- 18 SD) during the following 90 minutes; preinsertion values were reached in about 8 hours. Carbon dioxide rose rapidly to almost preinsertion values (mean value of 50 mm Hg +/- 12 SD) during the 90-minute period and remained steady at this level during extended periods. As in vitro studies have indicated an oxygen-dependent production of a toxin-like protein from Staphylococcus aureus, it is suggested that intravaginal tampons may be a risk factor in the development of toxic shock syndrome by supplying oxygen, thus changing the vaginal microenvironment from anaerobic to aerobic.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Immunomodulation with symptomatically effective antirheumatic agents].

As antigen-presenting and/or monokine-secreting cells, macrophages play a major role in immunoregulation. Proteases of macrophage origin (cathepsin G, elestase , thrypsin and pronase) act on cell surfaces of different cell lines, inducing cell activation, e.g. of B-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes might be stimulated by the activating factor LAF. Other macrophage products (CSF, FIM ) control monocyte production in bone marrow. While lymphocytes are the target cell lines for classical immunosuppressive agents, mononuclear phagocytes are kept for the major cell population affected by antiinflammatory drugs. The presented study outlines the significance of the mononuclear-phagocyte-system in antiinflammatory drug research. The inhibiting potency of antiinflammatory drugs on the monocyte-macrophage cell line as an additional immunoregulatory principle should be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Immunomodulation by symptomaticly active antirheumatic agents].

As antigen-presenting and/or monokine-secreting cells, macrophages play a major role in immunoregulation. Proteases of macrophage origin (cathepsin G, elestase, thrypsin and pronase) act on cell surfaces of different cell lines, inducing cell activation, e.g. of B-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes might be stimulated by the activating factor LAF. Other macrophage products (CSF, FIM) control monocyte production in bone marrow. While lymphocytes are the target cell lines for classical immunosuppressive agents, mononuclear phagocytes are kept for the major cell population affected by antiinflammatory drugs. The presented study outlines the significance of the mononuclear-phagocytesystem in antiinflammatory drug research. The inhibiting potency of antiinflammatory drugs on the monocyte-macrophage cell line as an additional immunoregulatory principle should be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Endocarditis therapy with high doses of oral doxycycline: Part II: Clinical study (author's transl)].

Nineteen patients previously treated unsuccessfully, usually with bactericidal antibiotics, received large doses (average: 15-20 mg/kg/day) of oral doxycycline (Vibramycin) after suitable testing for resistance. The good therapeutic results -- complete cure in eleven cases, great improvement in one, doubtful response to doxycycline in four, three failures -- justifies the observation that high oral doses of doxycycline can be considered as an important addition to the possibilities for treatment of endocarditis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[IX. Randomized study of the effect of nitroglycerin on CK and CK-MB infarct size. Preliminary report (author's transl)].

In 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction the effect of nitroglycerin on infarct size was studied. Patients were randomized into two groups. 16 patients received continuous nitroglycerin infusions of 0.6 to 6.0 mg/h (mean 2.3 mg/h) over a 48 h period, 22 patients received no specific therapy and served as control. Nitroglycerin was given in the mean 12 +/- 5 (+/- 1 SD) hours following onset of chest pain and 8 +/- 5 after the increase of CK values. Infarct size was determined according to the time activity curve of creatine kinase (CK) and of its myocardial isoenzyme (CK-MB). In all but one patient hemodynamic parameters (left ventricular filling pressure, blood pressure, cardiac index) were measured. The mean infarct size was 51 +/- 30 CK-g-equiv. in control patients, and 48 +/- 33 g in nitroglycerin treated patients. Infarct size as calculated from CK-MB values was 60 +/- 36 g (n=16) in control, and 52 +/- 41 g (n=11) in treated patients. At left ventricular filling pressure values (LVFP) below 20mm Hg infarct size amounted to 43 +/- 30 g (n=12) in control, and to 41 +/- 32 g (n=11) in the nitroglycerin group. At LVFP values above 20 mmHg infarct size was 61 +/- 29 g (n=10) in control as opposed to 64 +/- 32 g (n=5) in treated patients. There was no difference between infarct size as predicted during the first 7 h and the observed infarct size. - Despite the known beneficial effect of nitroglycerin on hemodynamics and on myocardial ischemia, infarct size seems not to be greatly reduced, however, intervention occurred fairly late (12 h). In early intervention beneficfial effects seem likely.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition by oxotremorine of acetylcholine resting release from guinea pig-ileum longitudinal muscle strips.

1. Longitudinal muscle strips of the guinea-pig ileum were incubated in Tyrode solution containing either DFP or physostigmine as cholinesterase inhibitor. After a 90 min preincubation period the acetylcholine resting release into the medium was determined. Acetylcholine was estimated by gas chromatography. 2. The resting release was 0.39 nmol/g times min irrespective of the cholinesterase inhibitor used. In the presence of hexamethonium, or after omission of external calcium, the resting release fell by 50 and 55 per cent, respectively. 3. Oxotremorine (10-5 and 10-4M) significantly inhibited the resting release of acetylcholine by 25 and 33 per cent, respectively. The inhibitory effect of oxotremorine was completely reversed by atropine (3 times 10-7 M). Oxotremorine did not reduce the spontaneous release of acetylcholine that occurred either in the presence of hexamethonium or in the absence of external calcium. 4. The acetylcholine content of the muscle strips was approximately doubled during the preincubation with a cholinesterase inhibitor. The subsequent incubation with oxotremorine did not lead to a further increase in the endogenous acetylcholine content. However, incubation of the muscle strips with oxotremorine in the absence of a cholinesterase inhibitor led to a rise in the endogenous acetycholine concentration. In in vivo experiments, oxotremorine also caused an increase in the acetylcholine content of the muscle strips. The possibility is discussed that the rise in the acetylcholine concentration following the administration of oxotremorine is a consequence of the decreased release. 5. It is concluded that oxotremorine inhibits the resting release of acetylcholine by activation of neuronal muscarinic receptors. The inhibitory effect of exotremorine is linked to that fraction of the acetylcholine resting release that is calcium-dependent and that arises from propagated activity in cholinergic neurones. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of a feed-back control of acetylcholine release mediated by inhibitory muscarinic receptors.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Motor and perceptual determinants of performance on the Bender-Gestalt and the Beery Developmental Scale by retarded males.

The Bender Visual-motor Gestalt Test and Beery's Developmental Test of Visual-motor Integration were administered to 51 educable mentally retarded boys ranging in age from 72 to 161 mo. These scores were compared with scores boys received on three gross motor tasks by computing simple correlation coefficients and multiple regression coefficients with Bender and Beery's tests as dependent variables. The simple rs were similar but order of inclusion of independent variables in the regression analysis suggests differences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Retarded persons as "teachers": retarded adolescents tutoring retarded children.

The present study was concerned with investigating the effect of training mentally retarded adolescents in a residential school to act as tutors for younger retarded children who were deficient in dressing and eating skills. The effect of a tutorial program on both the adolescents (tutors) and the young children (trainees), in terms of acquisition and retention of self-maintenance skills for the trainees and social and personal adjustment for the tutors, was examined. Tutors received 30 hours of training in dressing-techniques and 30 hours of training in eating-techniques. The tutors were able to teach the dressing- and eating-skills to the trainees in 18.5 and 20 hours, respectively. The statistically significant overall success of the trainees supports the view that retarded persons can successfully instruct other retarded persons. Educational and economic implications of the findings were discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1972

Selenium: relation to decreased toxicity of methylmercury added to diets containing tuna.

Japanese quail given 20 parts per million of mercury as methylmercury in diets containing 17 percent (by weight) tuna survived longer than quail given this concentration of methylmercury in a corn-soya diet. Tuna has a relatively high content of selenium and tends to accumulate additional selenium when mercury is present. A content of selenium in the diet comparable to that supplied by tuna decreased methylmercury toxicity in rats. Selenium in tuna, far from being a hazard in itself, may lessen the danger to man of mercury in tuna.

Animal Feed↗