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Biomedical subjects

P Vaccaro

Publications and source records attributed to P Vaccaro.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cardiopulmonary functioning in adolescent patients with mild idiopathic scoliosis.

This study measured the physical work capacity of adolescent subjects with idiopathic scoliosis to determine whether cardiopulmonary restrictions begin to occur in the early stages of the condition. Nineteen adolescents (four males, 15 females) between the ages of 10 and 17 years (means = 13.4), with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis, served as subjects. The mean scoliotic curve was 21.5 degrees. Each subject had his/her height, weight, and percent body fat (Lange caliper) recorded. Resting vital capacity and forced expiratory volume were evaluated using standardized clinical spirometry techniques. Work capacity was measured via a continuous graded incremental exercise tolerance test, using a treadmill. A running protocol was used. Heart rate was continuously monitored by an ECG, and a Beckman Metabolic Cart analyzed ventilation (VE), breathing rate (f), and oxygen uptake (VO2) every minute. Twelve of the subjects had vital capacity measures that were one or more standard deviations below normal and also had VO2max scores below 40ml/kg/min. Subjects with curves of 25 degrees or higher had a mean VO2max of 32.6ml/kg/min, while subjects with curves of less than 25 degrees had a mean VO2max of 42.6ml/kg/min. It appears that some pulmonary limitations begin even in mild curves. Curves greater than 25 degrees also appear to affect work capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Shortcomings of physical examination and impedance plethysmography in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Accuracy in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by physical examination and impedance plethysmography (IPG) is reviewed. Physical examination proved unreliable in distinguishing patients with and without acute disease. Swelling in the leg was, however, more prevalent in patients with DVT. The sensitivity and specificity of IPG were less than those reported by other groups. Venography remains the most reliable diagnostic procedure in our institution.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Age-associated blood glucose levels during exercise in female swimmers.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether age-associated alterations in blood glucose levels occur during exercise. In addition, blood lactate and fitness levels (VO2max) were examined to ascertain if these factors influenced the age-related responses. Sixty-four female masters swimmers (25-75 years) were classified into either a well trained (WT) or recreational trained (RT) group and exercised on a treadmill to VO2max X VO2max data confirmed our classification of WT and RT swimmers based on activity levels. There were no differences in post-absorptive blood glucose and lactate levels across age and fitness. Significant age-related effects on blood glucose levels during exercise (p less than 0.01) but no fitness effect were revealed by ANOVA. Within the first or second exercise stage all age groups demonstrated a significant decline in blood glucose (6.3 to 14.1%). A hyperglycemic response was observed during recovery in all age groups with the exception of the over 60 (60+) group. The 60+ group exhibited lower blood glucose levels compared to all other age groups during exercise commencing with the second exercise stage. There were no significant differences in glucose levels among any of the other age groups during exercise or recovery. There were no age-related differences in maximal or recovery lactates. These data indicate that there is an alteration of blood glucose homeostasis during exercise in females over 60 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation of the stomach.

Arteriovenous malformations of the stomach are rare; blood loss may be manifested either by chronic anemia or by massive recurrent hemorrhage. We report a patient with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage from a gastric arteriovenous malformation. Emergency operation to control hemorrhage precluded the performance of angiography; diagnosis was made from the appearance of the lesion and dilatation of the veins draining the involved area. Complete operative excision of the lesion was curative.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Self-concept responses of children to participation in an eight-week precision jump-rope program.

Two measures of self-concept were administered to 11 children, aged from 9 to 11 yr., before and after 8 wk. of participation in a guided exercise program of precision rope jumping. Despite the fact that the children evidenced as a group high self-concept at the outset, a significant improvement on this measure appeared after the jump-rope regimen. This psychological change was noted while there was no alteration in the physiological indices of body composition and cardiovascular fitness.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

The effects of menopause and training on serum lipids.

Forty women were studied to determine the effect of training and menopause on serum levels of total cholesterol (Tc), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and the ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups: (a) premenopausal trained runners (Pre-T) (25-75 miles per week) (VO2max 44.82 ml/kg-1 X min-1) (N = 10); (b) premenopausal untrained who took part in no regular aerobic exercise (Pre-UT) (VO2max 28.60 ml/kg-1 X min-1) (N = 10); (c) postmenopausal trained runners (Post-T) (25-65 miles per week) (V02max 40.25 ml/kg-1 X min-1) (N = 10); (d) postmenopausal untrained who took part in no regular aerobic exercise (Post-UT) (VO2max 21.50 ml/kg-1 X min-1) (N = 10). None of the women smoked, were taking oral contraceptives, or any form of hormonal replacement. The postmenopausal women had all undergone natural menopause. Analysis of variance indicated: (a) no significant differences between Pre-T and Pre-UT in measures of Tc (188.04 mg/dl; 206.46 mg/dl) and HDL-C (73.2 mg/dl; 62.10 mg/dl) (P greater than 0.05) and a significant difference between Pre-T and Pre-UT in LDL-C (114.57 mg/dl; 144.57 mg/dl) and HDL-C/LDL-C (0.66; 0.44) (P less than 0.05); (b) no significant differences between Pre-T and Post-T for Tc, HDL-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C/LDL-C (P greater than 0.05); (c) significant differences between Pre-UT and Post-UT in Tc (206.46 mg/dl; 241.15 mg/dl), LDL-C (144.36 mg/dl; 184.85 mg/dl), and HDL-C/LDL-C (0.44; 0.32) (P less than 0.05), and no significant difference between these groups in HDL-C (P greater than 0.05); (d) no significant difference between Post-T and Post-UT in Tc (P greater than 0.05) and significant differences between these groups in measures of HDL-C (74.14 mg/dl; 55.54 mg/dl); LDL-C (141.45 mg/dl; 185.85 mg/dl), and HDL-C/LDL-C (0.57; 0.32) (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of immersion on RV in young women: implications for measurement of body density.

The effect of immersion to the chin on the residual volume (RV), vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity (FRC), and expiratory reserve volume (ERV) of 27 normal females, mean age 20.7 years, was studied. Mean determinations decreased (P less than .01) for all measured lung volumes from the corresponding measurement with the subjects in air (RV 17.4%, VC 12.1%, FRC 46.9%, ERV 70.3%). In addition, the effect of the decreased RV on body density (Db) and percent fat (% fat) determinations were also examined. The mean reduction in RV of 17.4% (195 ml) corresponded to a mean relative error of only 0.35% in the Db measure. It is recommended that when measuring RV to later determine Db by hydrostatic weighing, the determination be made with subject in air. This procedure will allow for greater ease in measurement for both the subject and researcher with no loss in physiologic accuracy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Measurements of neuromuscular tone and strength in Down's syndrome children.

Twenty-eight Down's syndrome children and 22 normal children were evaluated for patellar tendon reflex, muscle tone and grip strength. All of this subjects were between the ages of 4 and 17 years. It was the purpose of this study to determine the differences between Down's syndrome and normal children. The standard patellar reflex test was used for one measure of muscle tone, and a locally devised muscle palpation test for the second measure of muscle tone. Finally, grip strength was employed as our measure of muscle strength. Results indicated that Down's syndrome children had a less brisk and more irregular patellar reflex response than normal controls. Furthermore, overall muscular tone was less in these Down's syndrome subjects and finally, muscular grip strength was inferior in Down's syndrome children when compared to normal children. Implications for increased physical education and physical activity are noted for this special population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Physiological characteristics of young well-trained swimmers.

The purpose of this study was to describe body composition, muscular strength, pulmonary function, and aerobic capacity of young swimmers, after 6 years of training. Twelve male members of a competitive swim team, ranging in age for 13 to 16 years, served as subjects. Each subject was measured on 2 separate days at approximately the same time of day on each occasion. On day one, body composition, muscular strength, TLC, FVC, FEV1.0, FRC, RV, and resting DLc0 were determined. On day 2, height, weight, VE max Hr max, and VO2 max were measured. Results indicated that children who train to swim competitively: (1) are lower than average in percent body fat (10.8%) as determined by hydrostatic weighing, (2) are muscularly fit as indicated by the Oregon Cable-Tension Strength Test, and (3) have cardiorespiratory capacities which are greater than one would expect to see in untrained youth of similar ages.

Adolescent↗