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Biomedical subjects

P Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to P Schmidt.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effect of (D-Met2, Pro5)enkephalinamide, a highly potent opiate agonist, on the drinking behaviour of rats.

The highly potent opiate agonist, (D-Met2, Pro5)enkephalinamide, markedly influenced drinking behaviour of the rat. It inhibited the drinking caused by water deprivation, the drinking response to intracerebroventricular application of angiotensin-II, as well as the drinking evoked by systemic administration of isoprenaline. The compound investigated was effective not only upon intracerebroventricular injection but also upon systemic application. The LD50 values were low; 0.42 mg/kg after intraperitoneal administration and about 1.1 micrograms after intracerebroventricular injection. The findings not only support the view that opioid receptors are involved in one way or other in the regulation of fluid intake of the rat, but indicate also an interesting peptide-peptide interaction within the brain.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1985

Effect of maternal parasitic disease on the neonate.

Parasitic disease is the most common infectious disease complication of pregnancy worldwide, resulting in maternal debilitation and fetal prematurity and low birth weight. The increasing incidence of these diseases in our population led to the present study of 125 patients, 34 of whom were found to be infected with at least one intestinal parasite. In contrast to studies in developing countries, no significant differences in either maternal anemia, or fetal birth weight, or prematurity were found between the infected and non-infected groups. However, there was a three-fold increase in the incidence of significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the parasitized group. Parasitic disease complicating pregnancy in our population does not appear to exert the same adverse effect on mother and fetus as that described in other countries. In view of the limited pathology associated with parasitic disease, treatment, other than with iron and vitamin supplementation, is not routinely indicated in pregnancy in populations similar to ours. However, due to the increased incidence of neonatal jaundice and morbidity we would recommend close observation of the neonates in the immediate postpartum period.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Clinical experience, complications, and survival in 70 patients with the automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator.

Seventy patients received the automatic implantable defibrillator, five original devices and 72 modified second-generation devices using only bipolar rate sensing and delivering an R wave synchronous cardioverting/defibrillating shock, for either ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. The primary clinical arrhythmia was sustained ventricular tachycardia in 32 patients, ventricular fibrillation in 20 patients, and both ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in 18 patients. Before implantation of the device the patients had survived 3.1 +/- 2.3 arrhythmic episodes, including 1.9 +/- 1.7 cardiac arrest, and had received 4.0 +/- 2.1 antiarrhythmic drugs without improvement. Sixty-eight patients ultimately received devices. After a follow-up period of 8.9 +/- 7.7 months (range 1 to 33), 37 patients received a total of 463 discharges. Inability to determine the precise reason for most discharges and the unpleasant nature of the discharges were the major clinical problems encountered. Complications included postoperative death (one patient), lead problems (six patients), inadequate energy requiring explanation (two patients), and pocket infection (one patient. Life-table analysis revealed 6 and 12 month cardiovascular survival of 95.0% and 89.9% and sudden death survival of 98.2%. In our experience, survival with the automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator exceeds that with other forms of therapy.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1985

On the establishing of permissible relations between MACC- and MACT-values of harmful substances.

The establishment of MACC (Ceiling Values) and MACT (Time Weighted Average Values) for chemical substances permits a substantial more precise evaluation of the exposure to harmful substances at the work place as if only one limit value is given without reference to a Ceiling Value or a Time Weighted Average Value, respectively. The derivation of MACC- and MACT-Values is proposed from toxicometric data that are gained during animal experiments with chemical substances. For acutely toxic substances (e.g. irritants) the quotient F = MACC/MACT ought to be = 1. For cumulative acting substances the permissible relation of both values is determined from the magnitude of the zone of chronic effect (Zch) as F = 0.4. Zch. The condition MACC less than less than Limac takes into consideration at the same time. The frequency and the duration of MACT exceedings need not to be regulated with this procedure. A method is proposed for the derivation of the length of sampling periods necessary from the toxicological point of view starting from the Zch.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Myocardial studies in haemodialysis patients.

Myocardial perfusion was studied using Thallium-201 (Tl-201) after dipyridamol in 33 patients on maintenance haemodialysis. It could be shown that coronary artery disease was underestimated by clinical symptoms, 55 per cent of patients had abnormal Tl-201 scintigrams, whereas typical or atypical chest pain was present in only 33 per cent of the patients. Eleven patients died within a year of the scintigraphic study, which resulted in an average mortality rate of 7.7 per cent/year. The risk of developing fatal cardiovascular complications was higher in patients with an abnormal Tl-201 perfusion (7 of 18) than in those with a normal scintigram (1 of 15). Thus nuclear medicine procedures appear to be of diagnostic value in haemodialysis patients, which in addition may have prognostic implications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Ego function rating by the specialist working alone in neurology and psychiatry].

Bellak and coworkers' "Ego-Function" rating was performed at a neuropsychiatric outpatients department by having an interview that was recorded once on tape analyzed by the same rater at intervals of 16 +/- 6 months using an estimation scale divided into seven main points. The result shows a high degree of uniformity in assessing the following functions: Reality testing, judgement, feeling for reality of oneself and the world, control of drives and affects, relationship to objects, ability to think, use of fantasy for solving problems, protection from stimuli, defence function, autonomic function, synthetic integrative function and feeling of competence. The most important result is that the rating can be used to good effect by neurologists and psychiatrists working alone.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Epidemiological investigations of decreased employees of the asbestos cement industry in the Federal Republic of Germany.

An epidemiological study of the causes of death was performed covering the entire German asbestos cement industry (10 plants). Of 376 workers who had died in the period of 1 January 1976 - 31 December 1980 and who had been employed for a minimum of 10 years, 314 were included; 307 of these were men. Special consideration was given to the asbestos-related diseases asbestosis, asbestosis in combination with lung cancer, and mesothelioma of the pleura or peritoneum. The relationship between lung cancer with asbestosis and lung cancer without asbestosis is nearly 1:1. From this the conclusion can be drawn that a causal relationship between asbestos exposure and lung cancer can be assumed in only half of the lung cancer cases. This is, however, an upper approximation, since 15 cases of lung cancer were found which is 1/3 less than the expected number in comparison with the normal population. This documents the relatively small excess (SPMR = 1.2) of all cases of lung cancer detected in the asbestos cement industry as compared to the expected lung cancer cases not due to asbestos.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Elevated plasma fibronectin levels in nephrotic syndrome.

In nine patients with nephrotic syndrome the behaviour of plasma fibronectin was studied. Of nine patients seven showed elevated plasma fibronectin levels while the plasma fibrinogen level was increased in eight of the nine investigated patients. A positive correlation was found between plasma fibronectin levels and fibrinogen (P less than 0.01), cholesterol (P less than 0.01) and proteinuria (P less than 0.05). The results indicate that elevated plasma fibronectin levels could be an additional factor responsible for hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Radionuclide studies in chronically hemodialyzed patients. Bone scintigraphy for the evaluation and control of renal osteopathy].

The clinical applicability of bone scintigraphy (Tc99m MDP) was evaluated in 42 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Typical scintigraphic findings are shown which were related to hormonal and biochemical parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Visual grading of representative regions for metabolic bone disease in bone scans was compared to scintimetry which applies a bone to soft tissue ratio to grade osseous abnormalities. It could be shown that visual interpretation and grading of the findings according to a score is sufficient to assess the degree and extent of renal bone disease. Semiquantitative analysis of bone scintigrams by scintimetry did not improve the diagnostic information.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Radionuclide studies in chronically hemodialyzed patients. Diagnosis of coronary disease using Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy after administration of dipyridamole].

Myocardial perfusion using Tl 201 after dipyridamol was evaluated in 33 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. In addition radionuclide angiography (RNA) was performed following hemodialysis to assess left ventricular function. RNA was done at rest in 31 patients and repeated in 13 after isometric exercise. All patients studied showed no signs of congestive heart failure. 55% of the patients had abnormal Tl 201 scintigrams, whereas coronary artery disease (CAD) was underestimated from clinical symptoms alone (33%). The incidence of an abnormal Tl 201 finding increased with the duration of hemodialysis treatment. However, in the symptomatic patients angina appeared already in the first (45%) or second year of hemodialysis treatment. 39% of patients with abnormal Tl 201 findings died within a year following scintigraphic examination. From 15 patients with normal Tl 201 scans 26% died. Overall mortality rate was above that in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with CAD, averaging about 7.7% per day. The major causes of death were cardiovascular complications in patients with abnormal Tl 201 findings. In all patients left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was within the normal range following hemodialysis. Thus in our patients LVEF appeared not as an important prognostic characteristic. However, ventricular function can be impaired following exercise. As expected, in 7 patients with CAD (abnormal Tl 201 scan) isometric handgrip induced a mean decrease in LVEF by 11% and abnormalities in regional wall motion. However, also in 4 of 6 patients with normal Tl 201 scintigrams LVEF decreased following isometric exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗