Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to P Schmidt.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in sedation-analgesia].

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of combined sedation and analgesia during extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy using the Dornier lithotriptor HM III. We used a combination of a benzodiazepin derivatives with an opioid. We tested the dosage of drugs needed in relation to the length of treatment, the size of the stone and the overall energy output of the lithotriptor. In addition, continuous records were made of the patient's blood pressure and the oxygen saturation in the blood, with and without oxygen insufflation. Our results show that sedation combined with analgesia is a reasonable and useable alternative to general or regional anaesthesia for extracorporeal lithotripsy.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1988

[Hematuria].

Haematuria represents an important clinical sign, which is easely detected by the test-stripe method. In the differential diagnosis between haematuria, haemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria, however, urine microscopy is essential. Evaluation of urinary red cell morphology (glomerular and nonglomerular erythrocytes) is often helpful in the aetiopathogenetic classification of haematuria by distinguishing glomerular bleeding from haematuria due to urological disorders. The various renal and extrarenal causes of haematuria are demonstrated.

Hematuria↗
PubMed1987

Advantages of perfluorochemical perfusion in the isolated working rabbit heart preparation using 31P-NMR.

Quantitative 31P-NMR and enzymatic analysis of high-energy phosphates were used to characterize an isolated perfused working rabbit heart preparation. In this model, the left side of the heart works against a physiological after-load. Two perfusates, Krebs-Henseleit saline and the perfluorocarbon emulsion FC-43 (perfluorotributylamine), were evaluated in their ability to maintain cardiac function and high-energy phosphate metabolites over a period of 2-3 h. Adenine nucleotides ATP, ADP, phosphocreatine and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were measured by 31P-NMR while monitoring cardiac output and coronary flow. Intracellular pH was determined using the chemical shift of Pi. At the end of each experiment, hearts were freeze clamped and enzymatically assayed for adenine nucleotides, phosphocreatine and Pi. In every experiment, hearts perfused with FC-43 emulsion maintained the same rate of cardiac output as hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit saline, but with half the coronary flow rate: FC-43, 22 +/- 2.5 (n = 5), Krebs-Henseleit saline 42 +/- 2.7 (n = 6) ml/min, P less than 0.001. Hearts perfused with FC-43 emulsion showed higher [phosphocreatine] and [ATP] measured by 31P-NMR. For [phosphocreatine]: FC-43 3.2 +/- 0.7 (n = 5), Krebs-Henseleit saline 1.7 +/- 0.2 (n = 6) mumol/g wet wt., P less than 0.01. For [ATP]: FC-43 1.8 +/- 0.7 (n = 5), Krebs-Henseleit saline 0.9 +/- 0.2 (n = 6) mumol/g wet wt., P less than 0.02. [phosphocreatine] and [ATP] determined by 31P-NMR values were identical within experimental error to those values obtained by enzymatic analysis. Comparing [Pi] determined by both methods, 36% of Pi in FC-43-perfused hearts, and only 24% of Pi in Krebs-Henseleit saline-perfused hearts were visible by NMR, indicating that a large proportion of Pi is bound in the intact functioning heart. Similar results were obtained for [ADP]. Using the combined techniques of 31P-NMR and enzymatic assay, we have shown in this model of the isolated working rabbit heart preparation, that FC-43 emulsion maintains significantly better function and high-energy phosphate levels than Krebs-Henseleit saline.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1987

Excessive myocardial calcinosis in a chronic hemodialyzed patient.

Secondary oxalosis in chronic hemodialyzed patients is caused by impaired renal excretion and inadequate removal of oxalic acid during hemodialysis. Ascorbic acid is a precursor of oxalic acid. We report a parathyroidectomized patient with chronic renal failure, on hemodialysis, who received over a period of several months a total dose of 91.0 g ascorbic acid i.v. The plasma oxalic acid level in this patient was 14-fold higher than in healthy persons. Increased oxalic acid synthesis from its precursor ascorbic acid may be responsible for hyperoxalemia, high content of oxalic acid in myocardium, aorta and lung, and calcium oxalate deposition in soft tissues. Application of high doses of ascorbic acid should be avoided in hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cholinergic effects on spike-density and burst-duration of medullary respiration-related neurones in the rabbit: an iontophoretic study.

Cholinoceptive properties of 180 medullary respiration-related neurones (RRN) were studied in urethane-anaesthetized rabbits. Acetylcholine (ACh) and agonists, as well as antagonists of muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors, were administered iontophoretically. Respiration-related neurons were classified with respect to the correlation of their activity with the activity of the phrenic nerve: phase-bound inspiratory (I) and expiratory (E) neurones and phase-spanning expiratory-inspiratory and inspiratory-expiratory neurones were discriminated. Acetylcholine altered the activity of 170 respiration-related neurones. In 49 cells the discharge-rate (f) alone was affected. In 44 respiration-related neurones the burst-duration (tbd) only was altered. In 77 respiration-related neurones the discharge rate and burst duration were affected simultaneously. Inhibitory actions of ACh prevailed over excitatory actions on inspiratory neurones. In expiratory neurones the discharge rate was increased or decreased in about the same number of cases. In most phase-spanning neurones the discharge rate was increased. Cholinergic inhibition of burst duration was observed in most respiration-related neurones. In all phase-types of respiration-related neurones muscarinic as well as nicotinic actions of ACh were demonstrated. In inspiratory and expiratory-inspiratory neurones muscarinic effects on the discharge rate prevailed over nicotinic effects. More nicotinic than muscarinic effects on discharge rate were observed in expiratory and inspiratory-expiratory neurones. Cholinergic effects on burst duration in about the same number of respiration-related neurones were mediated by muscarinic or by nicotinic receptors, respectively. Various types of cholinoceptors may be involved in these effects. The results suggest that cholinergic mechanisms play an important role in the control of the central regulation of respiratory movements. The functional significance of cholinergic effects on respiration-related neurones is discussed with special emphasis of effects on burst duration.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Effects of ultrasound on the catalytic activity of matrix-bound glucoamylase.

The effect of ultrasonic waves on the activity of glucoamylase bound to a porous polystyrene matrix is investigated in this Paper. The immobilized enzyme was sonated in a flow cuvette at frequencies between 1 and 11 MHz and sound intensities up to 5 kW m-2. The effect was measured as a function of the type and concentration of the substrate, carrier particle size, flow rate of the substrate solution and ultrasonic frequency. The activity increase is discussed in terms of a possible ultrasonic mechanism.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1987

[2 nonspecific cecal ulcers in a 6-year-old child as a cause of intestinal hemorrhage].

This is a report on recurrent rectal bleedings in a 6-year-old boy caused by 2 non-specific ulcers of the caecum. These ulcers are extremely rare in childhood and their aetiology is unknown. In this case the causative factor was supposed to be a preliminary cortisone therapy. The diagnosis of these ulcers is quite difficult because of the absence of any specific symptoms. X-ray and endoscopy of the colon often fail to give reliable results. Usually the diagnosis can be obtained only by laparotomy and histology. In therapy hemicolectomy is suggested to prevent perforation as the most usual complication. During conservative treatment coloscopic findings have to be controlled constantly.

Cecal Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Activity of putative pulmonary ornithokallikrein and angiotensin-converting enzyme during the onset of lung respiration in the chick embryo.

We have assayed a proteinase from chicken lungs, the properties of which were comparable to those of ornithokallikrein, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of ornithokinin. The activity of this pulmonary proteinase showed an accelerated increase during the development of lung respiration (paranatal period). In contrast, the increase in the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which degrades kinin, was not enhanced at this developmental stage. L-thyroxine administration accelerated the onset of lung respiration and the associated changes in the activities of ornithokallikrein and ACE. Thiourea, on the other hand, retarded the onset of lung respiration. Concomitantly, there was no pronounced increase in ornithokallikrein activity and no attenuation of the increase in ACE activity. Furthermore, the development of lung circulation, as measured by pulmonary hemoglobin concentration, paralleled the ornithokallikrein activity. The results suggest that the increase in ornithokallikrein activity and the suppression of ACE activation during the paranatal period help adapt the embryo to the neonatal period.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Strategy of environmental medical research].

A report is made on the strategy and tactics of an environmental medical, group-diagnostic study of children which was carried out by order of the Hessian Minister of Social Security within the framework of the Lufreinhalteplan (Clean Air Plan) Rhine/Main in the time from 1982 to 1986. This is a group-diagnostic examination of ten-year-old healthy children in the burdened area Rhine/Main (Wiesbaden, Frankfurt) and in the control areas of Freiburg and Starnberg. The objective of the study is to register the influence of the environment, in particular of air pollution, on a portion of the child population, especially with regard to persons at risk who react particularly sensitive to environmental influences and/or who have special health problems. In this connection it is attempted to convert the measuring data collected for characterizing the environment (ambient air) into effect-oriented data. The targets examined, i.e. anthropometric and clinical examinations as well as microbiological, immunologic and haematologic tests and the analysis of hair are to be evaluated in addition to family and social factors. Beyond that the attempt is made to correlate the results of the study with the biometeorological effective variables.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical research].

Distinct differences were determined during the clinical examinations of the ten-year-old child population in the polluted area Rhine/Main (Wiesbaden/Frankfurt) and the control areas Freiburg and Starnberg. In the group with long-term exposure enlarged tonsils with a rough surface, enlarged lymphatic nodes in throat and mandible were frequently found. When determining body height and weight, no distinct differences between the individual areas under examination could be proved.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1987

[The effect of air pollution on the microbial colonization of the palatine tonsils].

The prevalence of some facultatively pathogenic microorganisms in the tonsillar flora was studied in 10-years old children living in areas with different grades of air pollution during the years 1984-1986. Samples were examined for beta-hemolytic Streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Candida spp. and molds. Colonization by these microorganisms occurred more frequently in highly polluted towns (Frankfurt and Wiesbaden) than in less polluted areas (Freiburg and Starnberg). It is supposed that alteration of immune response or other defense mechanisms induced by some environmental pollutants enhance colonization by facultatively pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1987

[Hematology].

The results of the hematologic examinations of children from the polluted Rhine/Main area and the control areas Freiburg and Starnberg are presented. In the years 1982 to 1985, the exposed children show et a lowered number of erythrocytes and a decreased content of haemoglobin as compared to the children from the control areas; this is a sign of permanent stress. When comparing the children from the control area Freiburg, a slight increase in the number of erythrocytes and the haemoglobin content was detected with increasing height as an adaptive reaction.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1987

[Activity of the lymphocyte nucleoli].

The results of the lymphocyte-nucleolar test in 1985 and 1986 yielded distinct differences between the exposed children (Wiesbaden, Frankfurt) and the children in the control areas (Freiburg, Starnberg, i.e. an increased number of compact, activated lymphocyte-nucleoli in the former. These results are in harmony with the clinically determined findings on enlarged and fissured tonsils as well as enlarged mandibular and cervical lymph glands as an expression of heightened reactivity of the lymphatic tissue to a long-term burden by environmental factors such as e.g. air pollution.

Air Pollution↗