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P Ruck

Publications and source records attributed to P Ruck.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Comparative analysis of the immunophenotypes of decidual and peripheral blood large granular lymphocytes and T cells during early human pregnancy.

PROBLEM: The functional role of the leukocytes in the decidual is not clear. They may regulate the maternal immune response to the fetal allograft. However, the factors controlling maternal and fetal communication have not yet been identified. METHOD: A comparative analysis of the phenotypes of decidual and peripheral blood large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) and T lymphocytes in early human pregnancy was performed on decidual tissue and blood samples obtained from ten patients at therapeutic abortion. RESULTS: Whereas most of the decidual LGLs were found to have a CD56bright++ phenotype, most of the peripheral blood NK cells (90%) showed the classical CD56dim+ phenotype, and only a small proportion were CD56bright+ cells. Another striking difference was found in the expression of very late antigen 1 (VLA-1, CD49a): Almost all the decidual CD56bright++ LGLs, but virtually none of the peripheral blood CD56+ NK cells expressed this antigen. Further differences were found in the expression of CD16, CD44, CD45RA, CD54, and CD57. There were also differences in phenotype between T cells derived from decidual tissue and those derived from peripheral blood. Approximately 31% of the CD3+ decidual T cells expressed VLA-1, but this antigen was virtually absent on peripheral blood T cells. A further difference was seen in the expression of HLA-DR. This activation antigen was found on 32 +/- 13% of the decidual T cells but only 8 +/- 5% of the peripheral blood T cells. Additionally, the proportion of cells expressing CD38 was higher among decidual than peripheral blood T cells. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that both decidual LGLs and a subset of decidual T cells are activated and possibly play a role in the control of trophoblast growth and placental development.

CD56 Antigen↗
PubMed1995

[Functional significance of CD56 large granular lymphocytes in the decidua in early pregnancy in the human].

OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to characterize the large granular lymphocytes (LGL) found in large numbers in the decidua of early pregnancy, in order to investigate their functional significance in placentation. METHODS: The LGL were investigated by immunohistochemical, flow cytometric and molecular biological techniques. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The LGL resemble a small subpopulation of Natural Killer cells (NK-cells) in the peripheral blood, express activation antigens and produce cytokines that may have a regulatory/modulatory influence on trophoblast growth.

CD56 Antigen↗
PubMed1995

Immunoreactivity of sinusoids in hepatocellular carcinoma. An immunohistochemical study using lectin UEA-1 and antibodies against endothelial markers, including CD34.

The reactivity of sinusoids in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focal nodular hyperplasia, and nonneoplastic liver tissue with various endothelial markers was investigated to detect any differences that might be of diagnostic relevance. The lectin UEA-1 antibody BMA 120, and antibodies against von Willebrand's factor, CD31, and CD34 were used. KP1 was employed to detect Kupffer cells. In the normal liver there was only focal staining of sinusoidal endothelium in the vicinity of the portal tracts with all of the endothelial markers applied. In the cirrhotic liver a slightly greater number of sinusoids (mainly in the vicinity of the fibrous septa) stained with UEA-1 and, although to a lesser extent, with anti-von Willebrand's factor and anti-CD31. A slight increase in staining for CD34 was seen in only 1 of the 11 specimens of cirrhotic liver. In focal nodular hyperplasia, there was increased staining of sinusoids with all of the markers investigated; staining was confined mainly to the periphery of the nodules. HCC exhibited the most obvious differences in numbers of stained sinusoids and staining intensity in comparison with both normal and cirrhotic liver. UEA-1 and anti-CD34 stained large numbers of sinusoids in virtually all of the HCC investigated; UEA-1 stained a slightly greater number of sinusoids and did so with slightly greater intensity. BMA 120 and the antibodies against von Willebrand's factor and CD31 stained a smaller number of sinusoids and did so with lower intensity; they failed to stain sinusoids in some of the tumors. Because staining of the sinusoids in cirrhotic liver was minimal with anti-CD34, this antibody proved to be the best of all the markers investigated for distinguishing highly differentiated HCC from nonneoplastic liver tissue. It seems possible that the increase in immunoreactivity of sinusoids in HCC with anti-CD, unlike that with Uea-1, anti-von Willebrand's factor, and anti-CD31, is not an expression of capillarization, but rather of angiogenesis.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1995

Nonspecific immunostaining of blast cells of acute leukemia by antibodies against nonhemopoietic antigens.

It is well known that some of the widely used antibodies directed against hemopoietic antigens exhibit cross-reactivity with normal and neoplastic nonhemopoietic cells. By contrast, relatively little is known about the immunoreactivity of hemopoietic cells with antibodies that detect nonhemopoietic antigens. In this study 43 routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens containing infiltrates of acute leukemia of different subtypes were stained with a panel of 20 antibodies that detect nonhemopoietic antigens in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. Thirteen of the antibodies applied (KL1; BMA 120; and antibodies against epithelial membrane antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, prostate-specific acid phosphatase, prostate-specific epithelial antigen, placental alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, serotonin, bombesin, beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin, desmin, and S-100 protein) did not stain blast cells in any of the cases. However, anti-vimentin, HMB45, and anti-myoglobin stained blast cells in the majority of the cases; the antibodies against thyroglobulin, actin, and carcinoembryonic antigen stained blast cells in 10% to 25% of the cases; and anti-neuron-specific enolase stained blast cells in less than 10% of the cases. No correlation was found between the leukemia subtype and the pattern of immunoreactivity. The staining specificity, (i.e., the specificity of binding of the primary antibody--immunologic vs. nonimmunologic binding), was tested by increasing the dilution of the primary antibody and comparing the staining intensity in the bone marrow specimens and control tissue. Staining specificity was confirmed only for staining with the antibodies against neuron-specific enolase and vimentin. The findings show that immunoreactivity of tumor cells in bone marrow biopsy specimens for nonhemopoietic antigens does not exclude a diagnosis of acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Histogenesis of hepatoblastoma. Morphological, immunoelectron microscopic and immunohistochemical findings].

The wide range of epithelial and mesenchymal lines of differentiation seen in hepatoblastoma suggests that this tumor derives from a pluripotent stem cell. In order to test this hypothesis, seven hepatoblastomas of various subtypes were investigated for the presence of cells with the features of the oval cells found during hepatocarcinogenesis in rodents that are thought to be closely related to hepatic stem cells. The specimens were investigated by electron microscopy, electron microscopic immunocytochemistry, and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratins nos. 7, 8, 18, and 19. Small epithelial cells (SEC) corresponding to the oval cells of the rat and the "small cells" found in human liver disease with chronic ductular reaction, both of which are thought to be related to hepatic stem cells, were found. The SEC were oval and exhibited intercellular junctions, tonofilament bundles, and a biliary epithelium-type cytokeratin profile. They were found in small numbers in fetal hepatoblastoma and in moderate numbers in embryonal hepatoblastoma. In small cell hepatoblastoma, nearly all the tumor cells exhibited SEC-like ultrastructural features and a corresponding cytokeratin profile. Thus, cells with the features of hepatic stem cells are detectable in hepatoblastoma. Their numbers vary according to the subtype, reflecting the differing degrees of differentiation of the various subtypes, consistent with the theory propounded in the literature that embryonal and, with further differentiation, fetal tumor cells derive from precursor small cells. The findings support the hypothesis that hepatoblastoma derives from a pluripotent, probably entodermal or even less committed, stem cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Diffuse sinusoidal hemangiomatosis of the spleen. A case report with enzyme-histochemical, immunohistochemical, and electron-microscopic findings.

Diffuse hemangiomatosis of the spleen is a very rare benign tumor in which the whole spleen is permeated by neoplastic blood vessels. It is occasionally accompanied by severe disturbances of blood coagulation. The histogenesis of this tumor remains obscure. No systematic investigations of the immunophenotype of the neoplastic endothelium have been published. We describe a case of isolated benign diffuse hemangiomatosis of the spleen in which the enzyme-histochemical and immunohistochemical findings suggested an origin in the splenic sinus endothelial cells. Some of the tumor endothelial cells reacted with UEA-1, BMA 120, antibodies against the von Willebrand factor, CD34, and CD8, an antigen which, in man, is expressed only by suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and the endothelial cells of the splenic sinuses. Enzyme-histochemical investigations revealed reactivity for nonspecific esterase and lack of reactivity for alkaline phosphatase--a pattern typical of the sinus endothelial cells. The tumor could be distinguished from other tumors/tumor-like lesions of the spleen that exhibit endothelium with characteristics typical of the splenic sinuses (peliosis, splenoma, littoral cell angioma) on the basis of its histological features. The lack of expression of histiocytic antigens by the tumor endothelium is also evidence against a diagnosis of littoral cell angioma, which also derives from the sinus endothelium. Thus, this tumor could not be identified as any of the recognized tumors/tumor-like lesions of the spleen and it is therefore proposed that it should be designated diffuse sinusoidal hemangiomatosis.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Primary clinical manifestation of tuberculosis as an incidental finding in the head and neck area].

Between 1988 and 1992 12 patients were seen who had findings leading subsequently to the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The average age was 50 with a range from 22 to 88 years. Women outnumbered the male by 10 to 2 cases. The number of German patients equalled that of foreign patients. Tuberculosis was mainly localised in the cervical lymph nodes in 6 cases. One patient was seen with manifestation in each case at the palate, larynx, nasopharynx, cheek, parotis and middle ear. Diagnosis was made by histology alone six times, by evidence of acid-fast rods once and by both means in 5 cases. Preoperatively a malignant neoplasm was suspected in most patients, and neither CT nor ultrasound revealed a hint to tuberculosis. Tine-test was positive in all patients. Only in 3 patients was there an evidence of acid-fast rods in sputum and gastric juice. None of them suffered from AIDS. They were treated by combination of rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid and partially with pyrazinamide. No relapse was observed to date.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Diagnosis and therapy of olfactory neuroblastoma].

Esthesioneuroblastomas (EN) exhibit problems in early diagnosis and therapy due to their localization at the frontal skull base. Analysis of six cases with EN (four male, two female; average age, 34.8 years) showed atypical initial symptoms, beginning as nasal bleeding, hyposmia and frontal headache. CT scans demonstrated hypo- to isodense tumors at the anterior skull base with extension to the sinuses and orbits. Five patients were operated on by an extranasal approach; one patient required orbital exenteration with later reconstructive surgery of the orbit by a microvascularly adapted forearm flap. One patient underwent a neurosurgical procedure first that was followed by chemotherapy and stereotactically guided radiation. One patient died 1 year after onset of therapy due to intracranial tumor. One patient developed lung metastasis 5 years after treatment. Four patients remain in clinical remission and receive regular follow-ups. Our analysis shows the guarded prognosis of EN despite multimodality therapy. This includes the problems of advanced disease with complications of surgery and radiation. All therapeutic procedures should be planned in collaboration with otolaryngologists, neurosurgeons and radiotherapists. New computer-aided and stereotactically guided radiation procedures can be helpful, especially in patients with extensive disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Distribution of cell adhesion molecules in decidua of early human pregnancy. An immunohistochemical study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate human decidua for cell adhesion molecules involved in interactions between the various different maternal and fetal cell populations, homing of the unusual intradecidual population of CD56+ lymphocytes, and organization of the decidual extracellular matrix. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: First trimester human decidua from normal pregnancies was investigated immunohistochemically with antibodies against integrin subunits (alpha 1-6, alpha L, alpha M, alpha X, alpha IIb, alpha V, beta 1, beta 3, and beta 4), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and L-selectin. RESULTS: Endometrial glands stained for alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, alpha 6, alpha V, beta 1, beta 3, and beta 4, and stromal cells for alpha 1, alpha 3, alpha 5, alpha 6, alpha V, beta 1, beta 3, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Endothelium stained for alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 4, alpha 5, alpha 6, alpha V, alpha IIb, beta 1, beta 3, and beta 4; platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule and ICAM-1 also were found on the endothelium of a large number of blood vessels of all types, and VCAM-1 on the endothelium of a moderate number of arterioles and venules, and a few capillaries. Weak staining for E-selectin was seen in a moderate number of arterioles and venules. Large numbers of lymphocytes stained for alpha 4, alpha L, alpha M, alpha X, beta 1, and moderate or small numbers for alpha 1, alpha 3, alpha 5, alpha v, beta 3, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, and L-selectin. CONCLUSIONS: Decidual stromal cells, like endometrial glands and endothelium, express integrins that bind basement membrane components. These integrins represent the basis for the formation of the pericellular basement membrane of these cells. They also bind certain glycoproteins that support outgrowth and attachment of the trophoblast in vitro. Vitronectin-binding integrins on endometrial glands, stromal cells, and endothelium may be involved in adhesion of the trophoblast through vitronectin on its surface. From our findings and published data it seems that adhesion of alpha 1 beta 2 (leukocyte function-associated antigen-1) on lymphocytes to ICAM-1 on the endothelium plays the most important role in the migration of CD56+ lymphocytes from the peripheral blood into the decidua. The expression of several beta 1 (VLA) integrins on lymphocytes suggests that these cells are activated, and, like the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on stromal cells, probably contributes to their retention in the decidual stroma.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1993

Melanin-containing hepatoblastoma with endocrine differentiation. An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

BACKGROUND: The authors previously have reported that hepatoblastomas may exhibit endocrine differentiation. This report describes a hepatoblastoma in which a melanocytic component was present in addition to endocrine differentiation. METHODS: The tumor, which arose in a 15-month-old girl, was subjected to conventional histologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic investigation. RESULTS: The tumor had fetal and embryonal epithelial areas and osteoid. The presence of melanin could be suspected, even on the basis of gross examination. The melanin was found predominantly in macrophages but also was present in a few epithelial tumor cells. The tumor also had HMB45-immunoreactive melanocytic cells, and correspondingly, cells containing dopa-oxidase, an enzyme essential for melanin synthesis. Staining for chromogranin A and serotonin was seen in fetal-type cells, embryonal-type cells, and in epithelial cells of reactive bile ductules at the periphery of the tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Primary melanin-containing tumors of the liver are extremely rare; only one such tumor, referred to as a "teratoid hepatoblastoma," previously has been described in detail. The combination of endocrine and melanocytic differentiation has not been reported previously in liver tumors but occurs in endocrine tumors of other organs. Although it is not possible to define exactly the histogenesis of the melanocytic cells in this tumor, it is most likely that these cells and the other components of the tumor derive from a pluripotent entodermal stem cell by multidirectional differentiation.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

Dysgerminoma of the ovary. An immunohistochemical study of tumor-infiltrating lymphoreticular cells and tumor cells.

BACKGROUND: Human neoplasms often are accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate. It has been proposed that this represents an immunologic response to the tumor. Dysgerminoma, a germ cell tumor of the ovary, is a classic example of this phenomenon. The authors investigated the immunophenotype of the tumor-infiltrating lymphoreticular cells (TIL) and tumor cells in this rare malignancy. METHODS: Tissue from seven dysgerminomas of the ovary was fixed in formaldehyde solution and embedded in paraffin and investigated immunohistochemically with a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies. In one case, additional immunohistochemical investigations were performed on cryopreserved tumor tissue. RESULTS: All seven tumors showed a marked cellular stromal reaction with formation of disseminated granulomas similar to that seen in the closely related testicular seminoma. The TIL were preponderantly T-cells (CD43+, CD45RO+, OPD4+) and macrophages/epithelioid cells (MAC387+, CD68+), B-cells (CD20+, Ki-B3+), natural killer cells (CD57+), and immune-accessory cells (CD1+, CD35+) were rare in most cases. In the one case in which cryopreserved tissue was available, most of the intratumoral T-cells belonged to the CD8+ (cytotoxic/suppressor) subtype, and most of the intratumoral T-cells expressed the alpha/beta heterodimer of the T-cell antigen receptor; gamma/delta + T-cells were exceedingly rare. Some of the macrophages/epithelioid cells were found to express activation antigens (interleukin-2 receptor, transferrin receptor, HLA-DR2). Antibodies against placental alkaline phosphatase and pancytokeratin each stained tumor cells in six cases. Virtually no tumor cells were found to express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II antigens. CONCLUSIONS: The immunohistochemical findings concerning the tumor cells and TIL in dysgerminoma of the ovary provide additional evidence of a close relation to seminoma of the testis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Immunoreactivity of normal and neoplastic human tissue mast cells with macrophage-associated antibodies, with special reference to the recently developed monoclonal antibody PG-M1.

There is increasing evidence in favor of the hypothesis that human tissue mast cells (MCs) are progeny of hemopoietic stem cells and are closely related to cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. To test this hypothesis we investigated the immunoreactivity of normal/reactive MCs in 12 lymph node and tumor specimens and neoplastic MCs in 27 tissue samples from patients with various types of mastocytosis (urticaria pigmentosa, n = 13; cutaneous mastocytoma, n = 4; systemic mastocytosis, n = 6; and malignant mastocytosis, n = 4) with a panel of eight antibodies that stain macrophages or immune accessory cells and are reactive on routinely processed (paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed) tissue. The MCs were stained by three of the macrophage-associated antibodies (namely, KP1 [CD68], Ki-M1P, and PG-M1 [CD68]), but were not stained by three other antibodies (namely, HAM56, MAC387, and LN5) or antibodies detecting immune accessory cells (DAKO-CD35 and anti-S-100 protein). While KP1 stained normal/reactive and neoplastic MCs in all the specimens investigated, Ki-M1P stained neoplastic MCs in nearly all the cases of mastocytosis but did not stain normal/reactive MCs. PG-M1 also failed to stain normal/reactive MCs and stained MCs in only approximately half of the specimens from cases of mastocytosis. Among these were most of the cases of systemic and malignant mastocytosis, but only a minority of the cases of cutaneous mastocytosis and a very few cases of urticaria pigmentosa. To summarize, (1) MCs display immunohistochemical staining properties resembling those of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system but not those of macrophage derivatives belonging to the immune accessory cell compartment, and (2) PG-M1 and Ki-M1P are unique among the macrophage-associated antibodies investigated in that they do not stain normal/reactive MCs but exhibit preferential reactivity with the more atypical MCs in cases of systemic and malignant mastocytosis.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of cell adhesion molecules on CD56++, CD3-, CD16- large granular lymphocytes and endothelial cells in first-trimester human decidua.

Human decidua exhibits a unique infiltrate of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) with a natural killer (NK) cell phenotype (CD56++, CD16-, CD3-). The mechanisms underlying the binding of circulating LGL to vascular endothelium in the decidua and their migration into the decidual stroma were investigated immunohistochemically in first-trimester decidua with antibodies against endothelial adhesion molecules and their counter-receptors on leukocytes. Decidual and peripheral blood LGL were also investigated by flow cytometry. In the immunohistochemical investigations, moderate to large numbers of lymphoid cells in the decidua were found to express the alpha 4 and alpha L integrin subunits, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). PECAM and ICAM-1 were found on the endothelium of large numbers of decidual blood vessels of all types. Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), however, was found on the endothelium of only small to moderate numbers of arterioles and venules and a few capillaries, the latter being the main site of migration of leukocytes into the stroma. Weak staining for endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM) was seen only in a moderate number of blood vessels. Flow cytometry revealed expression of the alpha L integrin subunit by 72 +/- 10% and 97 +/- 3% of decidual and peripheral blood CD56+ LGL, respectively, of the alpha 4 integrin subunit by 85 +/- 7% and 90 +/- 5%, of PECAM by 40 +/- 12% and 30 +/- 15%, and of ICAM-1 by 22 +/- 10% and 1 +/- 1%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

[An active endocrine glomus tumor (paraganglioma) as a cause of tinnitus and hypertension].

A glomus jugulare tumor arises from the glomus bodies located in the adventitia of the dome of the jugular bulb. A glomus tumor has the same microscopic appearance as a carotid body tumor. The present report includes the extraordinary clinical and morphological features of a catecholamine-secreting glomus tumor (paraganglioma) in a 41-year-old woman. The patient presented with uncontrollable hypertension und pulsatile tinnitus. The diagnostic and therapeutic management is reported, including MIBG scintigraphy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, embolization, angiography, selective venous sampling studies and control of hypertension. After cardiovascular stabilization and tumor embolization, the tumor was removed surgically, with subsequent resolution of hypertension. While light microscopical analysis showed a classical glomus tumor, ultrastructural analysis revealed particular details of the tumor cells.

Adult↗