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Biomedical subjects

P Reich

Publications and source records attributed to P Reich.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pathogenesis of hypospadias--more questions than answers.

Most researchers believe that hypospadias arises from malformation of the penile urethra. However, this concept has been recently rejected, and it has been suggested that the opening of the urethra is "pushed forward" by growth of the perineum. In order to obtain more information on the development of the urethra, late stages of phallic development were studied in 220 rat embryos with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In our study, signs of rupture of the urogenital membrane or fusion of the urethral folds could not be found. Therefore, we could not confirm the traditional concept for the development of the phallic urethra. A new concept of urethral development is suggested and the pathogenesis of hypospadias is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Colorectal carcinoma--intracavitary sonography].

Staging of rectal carcinoma effected in 32 patients via ultrasound was re-examined on the basis of histological findings. One patient was classified in T3 by ultrasound, although histologically he belonged to the T2 stage. In no case was the spread of the tumour underestimated. Other indications for endosonography of the rectum are: aftercare of patients subjected to deep resection, and diagnosis of extraluminal processes.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Depression in multiple sclerosis.

Standardized interview techniques, diagnostic criteria, and rating scales were used to assess 50 moderately disabled multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Fifty-four percent met lifetime Research Diagnostic Criteria for major depression, with a significant increase in the rate from before to after the onset of MS symptoms. The MS patients were significantly more depressed than other medical patients described in the literature. Major depressions were associated with steroid-treated exacerbations and a history of major depression. Symptoms of depression may be easily confused with those of MS, resulting in inadequate diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Psychological predisposition to life-threatening arrhythmias.

Studies of the circumstances preceding the onset of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias suggest that intense or unusual emotional states, often involving anger, are associated with arrhythmia onset in approximately 20% of the cases. These observations shed light on the possible role of psychological factors in the pathogenesis of sudden cardiac death.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Agitation observed during treatment with newer hypnotic drugs.

Side effects involving agitation, e.g., sleepwalking, anger, and panic, were observed in 10 insomniac patients treated with temazepam or triazolam but not other benzodiazepines. Each patient described these side effects as uncharacteristic. Milder agitation was observed in 2 cases. In 4 cases, these effects were doubted by the prescribing physician. This type of side effect has been only slowly recognized for other benzodiazepines and has not been much reported for these newer agents. Agitation observed during treatment with these agents may be related to their short elimination half-lives.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Interruption of recurrent ventricular fibrillation by psychiatric intervention.

A 32-year-old man with a recent myocardial infarction had recurrent episodes of cardiac arrest that resisted medical management until he was interviewed by a psychiatrist. During the interview he shared his terror and associated to an episode during adolescence when he stole a car and was shot in the chest. After the interview he slept for the first time in three days, and subsequently had no further incidence of cardiac arrest. The case illustrates the potentially life-saving role of psychiatric intervention in reducing sympathetic tone in patients with cardiac instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Changes in brain glycogen during slow-wave sleep in the rat.

During slow-wave sleep, rat brain glycogen increases within a few minutes to about 70% above waking levels. Upon awakening, the increment is lost within 2-5 min. After repeated episodes of sleep, brain glycogen levels are comparable to those observed after only a single episode of sleep. Liver glycogen is unaffected by slow-wave sleep.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Unrecognized organic mental disorders in survivors of cardiac arrest.

Long-term survivors of cardiac arrest may suffer from mild cerebral impairment manifested primarily by personality changes and behavioral symptoms that can be mistaken for emotional responses to illness. The authors report six cases that illustrate the clinical problem of differentiating depression from organic brain dysfunction in this population. The diagnosis is facilitated by observation over time and by information from the spouse on baseline and current function. Chronicity, dysinhibition, apathy, and disturbances of judgment and insight indicate cerebral dysfunction. The accurate diagnosis of cerebral impairment after cardiac arrest is essential to the rehabilitation process.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Factitious disorders in a teaching hospital.

To obtain an overview of factitious disorders in hospitalized patients we surveyed the cases found in our hospital during a 10-year period. Forty-one disorders were identified including one that was fatal and others that were chronic, severe, and life-threatening. The disorders fell into four subgroups: self-induced infections, simulated illnesses, chronic wounds, and surreptitious self-medication. These subgroups had implications for prognosis and management. The patients included 39 women and 2 men, average age 33 years, 28 working in medical jobs. With three possible exceptions, none of the patients had Munchausen's syndrome and were not malingerers or sociopaths. Most of these patients were immature, passive, and hypochondriacal; none had major mental disorders. Thirty-three patients were confronted with evidence that their disorders were self-induced; none signed out of the hospital or became suicidal. Although only 13 patients acknowledged causing their disorders, most improved after confrontation and 4 of the most chronic became asymptomatic. The cases differed from commonly held assumptions about factitious disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Exacerbation of collagen arthritis by noise stress.

We evaluated the effect of noise exposure on collagen arthritis in rats. Ninety-eight female Wistar rats were transported and subjected to a 90-decibel noise during a 1-h period for 7 days commencing 3 days prior to immunization with type II collagen. As a control, 99 rats received simultaneous immunizations but were otherwise left undisturbed. Noise exposure was associated with statistically significant increases in the prevalence of arthritis (p less than 0.05) and, early in its course, in the severity (p less than 0.001) of arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Relations between sperm findings and fertility prognosis in childless couples].

In eight andrological centres more than 2,000 childless married men were examined catamnestically. Fertility was compared with the findings of the routine spermatograms. Conception rate is reduced significantly if sperm density is below 10 million, in motility of spermatozoa under 50% and in ejaculates with less than 60% normal-shaped spermatozoa. However, lower values of spermatozoa must not be compared with absolute infertility.

Humans↗