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Biomedical subjects

P Probst

Publications and source records attributed to P Probst.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Computerized tomography versus angiography in the staging of malignant renal neoplasm.

A comparative diagnostic study was carried out on 40 patients with pathologically proven renal malignancies which were staged both by angiography and CT. CT is more accurate than angiography for the detection of both perirenal and pararenal extension of the primary tumour (T-staging), and angiography is only slightly superior to CT in the evaluation of intravascular extension of the malignancy. The diagnostic performance of CT is clearly superior to angiography in detecting malignant lymphatic spread (L-staging) and distant metastases (M-staging). CT is, therefore, becoming the primary diagnostic approach for the staging of renal malignant tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Computer-assisted long-term ECG analysis in patients with artificial trial pacemaker (AAI) (author's transl)].

Control of AAI-function is limited. To investigate the efficacy of AAI-stimulation, a computer-assisted analysis system for long-term ECG records was developed using "Multipass-Scanning I". 12 patients (5 females, 7 males, 33--78 years old with AAI) underwent Holter-monitoring for 24 hours continuously. THe ECGs of 5 among the collective with heart rate programmable AAI were recorded three times each with different AAI stimulation rates (50--80 b.p.m.). The number of AAI-induced heart beats in relation to the total number of QRS-complexes (AAI-QRS%) was 43 +/- 37% mean. AAI-QRS% during day showed a significantly lower distribution (35 +/- 38%, p less than 0.01) than during night (58 +/- 40%, p less than 0.001). Using an AAI-stimulation frequency of 50 b.p.m., only 9% of the heart beats were AAI-induced during day. Whereas AAI-QRS% increased to 72% during night in patients with AAI-stimulation frequency of 70 b.p.m. The interval between the PM-spike (S) and the following answer of the heart, i.e. SR-interval, demonstrated also a circadian behaviour: SR max occurred between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. It was significantly prolonged to the SR min. (9--31%, m 20%, p less than 0.0001), which occurred between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. So the presented computer-assisted long-term ECG analysis system for AAI-pacemakers is able to evaluate the efficacy of AAI with regard to different AAI-stimulation rates. The quantity of AAI-induced heart beats is dependent on patient's heart rate, its circadian behaviour and the stimulation rate of the AAI. The SR-interval also demonstrated a significantly circadian pattern, which can be related to the vagus-influenced PQ- and also AH-interval.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A rabbit model allowing access to portal vein, vena cava, aorta and duodenum without anesthesia.

In studies of hepatic first-pass elimination of drugs gastric emptying, intestinal absorption and metabolism may be factors difficult to control. Direct access to the portal vein and to the duodenum without the need for anesthesia could overcome this problem. A rabbit model was, there for, developed with chronically implanted catheters in the portal vein, the aorta, the vena cava and the duodenum but necessitating a left nephrectomy. Hepatic and renal function before and 14 days after the operation showed no significant differences with respect to serum GOT, GPT, K, Na, Cl, PO4, urea-N, and creatinine levels. Arterial catheters were functioning for an average of 55, venous catheters for 49 and portal catheters for 59 days. Autopsy revealed no major pathology. This model permits the separate study of hepatic and intestinal first-pass effects in unanesthetized and unstressed rabbits.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1980

[Computer tomography in the investigation of the suprarenal gland (author's transl)].

The computer tomographic appearances of pathological processes in the suprarenal were evaluated in 55 patients; consideration is given to individual normal variations and to various sources of error. It is concluded that adrenal computer tomography is the primary radiological means of diagnosis, particularly for diseases which deform the contours of the glands. Usually angiography is unnecessary. The structure and density of various adrenal masses, and their behaviour after intravenous contrast, usually provide a fairly accurate diagnosis. Nevertheless, exact evaluation of the findings can only be made in the clinical context and decisions regarding treatment should be the result of an interdisciplinary approach.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[The radiological diagnosis of acute intestinal ischaemia (author's transl)].

Angiography was carried out in 27 patients with acute intestinal ischaemia. In 23 patients a primary, and in four a secondary vascular cause was found. Plain films are of little value in the early diagnosis of mesenteric infarcts, since radiologically demonstrable changes first develop after 10 to 12 hours following the incident. A definitive early diagnosis of an acute mesenteric infarct can only be made by angiography. Surgical intervention for proximal mesenteric artery occlusion is only likely to be successful if carried out within 10 hours. 80% of six patients with major occlusions and five with angiospastic mesenteric insufficiency died. One out of three embolectomies was successful. Amongst seven patients with occlusions of jejunal and ileal branches, just over half died; three out of four embolectomies were successful. Five patients with ileal occlusions survived.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Computer tomography following renal tumour embolisation (author's transl)].

CT examination of eight patients after palliative embolisation of a malignant renal tumour showed a distinct reduction in renal size, beginning after a week and lasting for two or three months. In the patients who survived for more than six to twelve months, the tumor increased in size, as was shown by an increase of tumour volume and tumour revascularisation which could also be demonstrated by computer tomography. Gas in the tumour after embolisation was seen in four out of six cases within the first week and in another case it persisted for five months, without evidence of the presence of a renal abscess or urinary sepsis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A method to analyze the motion of the endocardium during contraction.

Regional segmental wall motion analysis assumes a linear or radial grid system. In this study, motion patterns of points on the canine endocardium were evaluated. Radiopaque endocardial and epicardial markers were inserted along the anterior and posterior descending coronary arteries. Postoperative cine radiography showed that the endocardial markers did not move along either linear or radial grids. The endocardial and epicardial markers were shown to have different patterns of movement.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Embolization therapy of renal hemorrhage of non-malignant etiology (author's transl)].

Superselective embolization of renal hemorrhage of benign etiology proves to be an effective method with rare complications and low morbidity, which allows to stop the bleeding in almost all of the cases. Two of our own cases are compared to 24 in the literature; and the results are discussed. This type of embolization is indicated mainly in cases with surgically uncontrollable renal hemorrhage and rarely as an alternative to surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Primary pulmonary hypertension: follow-up of patients with and without anorectic drug intake.

Long-term follow-up of 75 patients with pulmonary hypertension developing their symptoms prior to 1970 was performed. Anorectic drug intake, survival, repeated haemodynamic measurements and past and present symptoms were evaluated. The higher incidence of pulmonary hypertension at that time was strongly related to anorectic drug intake. No difference in the long-term survival was found in patients with and without anorectic drug intake. None of the patients showed normalization of the pulmonary pressure and the changes were unpredictable from the values found at the initial measurements. Long-term survival is possible even in patients with very high pulmonary arterial pressure. Improvement of the haemodynamic indicators was more frequent in patients with anorectic drug intake. In approximately 30% of the patients with anorectic drug intake a decrease in symptoms was observed while in none of the other patients was such a decrease found. It therefore seems that at least some of the patients with pulmonary hypertension and a history of anorectic drug intake adapt themselves better than those without anorectic drug intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Myocardial revascularization in threatening extension of myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

Myocardial revascularization was performed in 13 patients between two and 14 days following initial infarction because of impending re-infarction. The diagnosis of impending re-infarction was made on the basis of the following criteria: myocardial infarction; repeated stenocardia despite medical treatment; renewed ST-T changes in the ECG. The intra-aortic balloon pump was installed in 7 patients for haemodynamic reasons (shock, massively raised pressure in the pulmonary artery). 12 patients survived the surgical intervention and were eventually discharged free of stenocardia. The presented findings suggest that surgical intervention in impending re-infarction appears of value in those cases which have not been satisfactorily controlled by conventional medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radionuclide assessment of cardiac performance and myocardial perfusion in congestive cardiomyopathies.

To determine the reliability of radionuclide techniques in the diagnosis of congestive cardiomyopathy (COCM), the function of the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) was evaluated in 32 patients with COCM and 21 normal subjects using radionuclide angiography (first pass and gated blood pool scan) combined with quantitative 201 thallium (Tl) myocardial perfusion imaging. In COCM parameters of RV and LV performance were significantly reduced (p less than 0.01); regional wall motion analysis revealed a reduced radial shortening ability (p less than 0.05). 201 Tl distribution within the myocardium was not different between COCM and N; however, segmental 201Tl-uptake was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01). RV free wall was visualized on 201Tl scan in 80% of patients with COCM. There was no correlation between RV free wall visualization and RV hemodynamics. Thus these scintigraphic aspects provide an atraumatic and sensitive technique for the evaluation of patients with COCM.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Nonsurgical removal of intravascular foreign bodies.

With increasing use of indwelling venous catheters, embolization of intravascular catheter fragments has become a well-known complication. Because of the high risk and serious complications, embolized fragments should be retrieved whenever possible. Four cases of successful nonsurgical percutaneous catheter retrieval (two adults and two children) are described using a wire loop and a hook-shaped catheter technique. The method described allow a safe and rapid retrieval and should always precede surgical exploration.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of left ventricular performance and myocardial viability using quantitative radioisotope techniques.

The diagnostic value of a combined radionuclide technique was compared with conventional angiocardiographic techniques in 60 patients with coronary artery disease. Quantitative 201Tl myocardial imaging combined with radionuclide angiocardiography using 99mTc-HSA provided a safe and accurate method for the assessment of left ventricular performance. The defects on the 201Tl images correlated with the severity of asynergy seen on the contrast ventriculogram. Static imaging alone distinguished hypokinetic from akinetic or dyskinetic areas. However, using both tracer techniques, akinesis could bedistinguished from dyskinesis. In patients with disturbed left ventricular function, cardiac transit times correlated with haemodynamic changes, and left ventricular ejection fraction was the most sensitive index. Thus, this combined radionuclide approach provides data for the evaluation of overall and regional wall function. A major advantage of this non-invasive auantitative technique is its applicability to the critically ill patient at the bedside.

Adult↗