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Biomedical subjects

P Plath

Publications and source records attributed to P Plath.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Expert assessment of noise-induced hearing loss with special reference to differentiation between noise-induced damage and other degenerative diseases of the ear].

In patients with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) who also suffer from other degenerative diseases of the ear, a medicolegal opinion must be based on detailed knowledge of the pathophysiology of Corti's organ and on audiometric findings. Only with this special knowledge is it possible to differentiate accurately between NIHL and other types of hearing loss. At the same time, interactions must be considered between endogenous dysfunctions of the hair cells and their sensitivity to overload by severe noise. On the other hand, the diagnosis of NIHL is not valid when there were uncertainties with respect to the type of hearing dysfunction or the risk of noise at the place of work. These difficulties also apply to the estimation of the individual disability from NIHL when associated with other types of hearing loss.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1992

[Value of Papanicolaou exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract].

Exfoliative cytology of the pharynx and larynx is a valid tool in the diagnosis of tumours. It is useful in the follow-up of chronic epithelial lesions of these regions and after tumour therapy. Cytological findings in group "Pap III" demand careful follow-up possibly with biopsy. For all other groups a biopsy is only indicated if there is a strong clinical suspicion of a tumour in the individual case. The simple technique of exfoliative cytology makes it an important part of aftercare of patients with malignancy, especially squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx. The validity of the method depends on the care with which the specimen is taken and on the experience of the investigator.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Speech recognition in the elderly.

The acuity of hearing and speech recognition has been checked in two groups of elderly persons: 1) Subjects aged between 50 and 80 years without any ear disease or hearing problems; 2) Subjects of similar age with noise-induced permanent hearing loss (NIPHL). The speech recognition threshold was evaluated in both groups by numbers of second order, and the speech recognition score was evaluated using monosyllables. The elder people in both groups did not show significant deviation from the normal speech recognition threshold. The speech recognition score for monosyllables was worse in both groups, and there was a significantly greater loss of speech recognition in the NIPHL group than in the elderly persons with normal hearing. Like hearing losses in the higher frequencies, speech recognition ability in healthy elderly persons can be regarded as just as much a function of the sum of acoustic traumas within the person's lifetime as a result of cerebral ageing processes. Real speech recognition losses and (in connection with them) problems in understanding speech in common situations are results of disturbances of hearing function resulting from any kind of pathology and not of ageing processes alone.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Cochlear implant for children? Possibilities--risks--prerequisites].

The development of scientific, technical, medical and psychological knowledge of human hearing and communication has reached a point where it seems possible to liberate totally deaf patients from their acoustic isolation. For some of them there is now reasonable hope that, to a certain degree, hearing and speech may be restored by the use of a cochlear implant. The cochlear implant is a device which directly stimulates the auditory nerve via electrical stimuli and in doing so mimics the function of the auditory system transmitting sound information to the central hearing pathways. It is expected that the human brain is able to "read" this message and, for example, to understand speech. But there are very special risks regarding implantation in children which are reviewed and discussed. Preconditions that have to be met to ethically, justify this experiment are stated, aiming at achieving maximum benefit for the child.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1988

Surgery of the round window.

Tympanotomy is routinely performed in our institution to control the round window membrane for patients with recurrent sudden deafness, with Meniere-like attacks, and those with Meniere's disease. In a large number of these patients, especially those with vertigo, perilymph fistula has been diagnosed. Most patients are free of attacks after the fistula has been closed, and in those with a short history of illness, hearing can become normal. In the future, closure of the round window membrane should be considered an important procedure in the treatment of inner ear dysfunctions.

Barotrauma↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical, histologic and bacteriologic findings in peritonsillar abscess].

Peritonsillar abscesses are the main complication of chronic inflammation of the tonsils. They should be considered as emergency cases and require quick and adequate treatment. Although abscess tonsillectomy has been reported since 1932, there is still a vivid discussion about this method of choice. We report on our experiences and findings in 284 cases of peritonsillar abscess. Our experiences show that theoretical considerations against this method of surgical treatment are smaller than the advantages for the patient. The authors recommend abscess tonsillectomy at one time and on both tonsils as treatment of choice in peritonsillar abscess without restriction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Recombinant interferon-alpha-2C in laryngeal papillomatosis: preliminary results of a prospective multicentre trial.

A preparation of interferon-alpha 2C of high purity formed by recombinant DNA technology was used as adjuvant therapy following removal of laryngeal papillomas by cauterization or laser vaporization. Preliminary data on 20 patients are reported and include 11 complete and 7 partial responses. Side-effects included initial temperature elevation, but this subsided and other side-effects were uncommon. No antibodies to the interferon preparation were found in any of the patients.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1985

[Early detection of hearing disorders. A simple method of mass screening in newborn infants].

The necessity of early detection and rehabilitation of hearing impaired children is accepted worldwide, but there are still different opinions about the earliest possible time and the kind of examinations in the Federal Republic of Germany. We report our method of examination of neonates, our results and our conclusions. We think that our method is very simple, easy, quick and can be done by well trained personnel. It is reliable enough to filter out suspicious cases, allowing audiological investigation and treatment, if necessary.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1984

[Early diagnosis and therapy of hearing damage in children in the first months of life].

Recent research on acoustical deprivation shows that anatomical and functional maturation of the hearing pathways is dependent on the reception and perception of specific stimuli. In cases of dysfunction of the peripheral hearing organ, a secondary dysfunction of perception and apperception of acoustical signals develops. The experiences of paedagogues for hard hearing children confirm that the results of their special education are the better the earlier they begin. Therefore, children with congenital deafness must be evaluated by newborn screening to have a chance of initiation of therapy as early as possible, that is, within the first few months of life.

Deafness↗
PubMed1983

[Differential diagnostic reflections on sudden deafness: rupture of the round window membrane].

The rupture of the round window membrane has been the origin of sudden deafness in two cases that are described in this presentation. We are able to verify the rupture of the round window membrane before surgery by using differential diagnostic criteria, though there existed only relative slight hearing losses of about 40 dB. After surgery we found normal hearing in one case and a decreased hearing loss in the other. Vestibular symptoms have been leading to the diagnosis in both cases and the middle ear effusion in one case.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The degree of disability in cases of small noise induced hearing losses (author's transl)].

For calculation of the degree of disability in cases of small noise induced hearing losses, Lehnhardt has developed a table which divides the range of small hearing losses into two groups with 0% and 10% respectively, and makes it possible to pick up the degree of disability directly by use of the audiometrical data from tone and speech audiometry. A comparison between the degrees of disability picked up from this table and those, which are received from the table of Boenninghaus and Röser using only the results of speech audiometry, shows that the table of Lehnhardt in more cases yields a degree of 10% disability than the table of Boenninghaus and Röser. In the range of beginning to severe hearing loss both tables give results which statistically are not different. In cases of noise induced hearing loss in combination with other causes of hearing disability, where the low frequencies also have severe hearing loss, the table of Lehnhardt enables one to calculate the noise induced part of the whole hearing loss against another kind of hearing defect.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1979

[Aquamat--a proven bathing aid for the laryngectomee (author's transl)].

A device to facilitate bathing by the laryngectomee is described. The Aquamat is made up of equipment routinely used in anaesthesia and underwater diving. An airway link is made between a watertight tracheostoma and the mouth such that the patient can breath between nose and trachea. Special precautions are necessary for swimming.

Baths↗
PubMed1979

[Temporary total deafness in disseminated encephalomyelitis (author's transl)].

Total deafness, which recovered, in an 18 year old woman with disseminated encephalomyelitis is reported. The deafness involved the left ear, but vestibular abnormalities were demonstrated bilaterally. After some weeks both auditory and vestibular responses returned to normal but nearly 2 years later a temporary left ear hearing loss of 30 dB and a spontaneous nystagmus occurred.

Adolescent↗