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P Perrin

Publications and source records attributed to P Perrin.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Early diagnosis of cancer of the prostate. Hypothetic role of transrectal echography].

In order to clarify the value of transrectal ultrasonic examination of the prostate in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer at an early stage, 666 patients were screened in one year; 602 of them (TO) had a normal, firm or hypertrophic but non-nodular prostate at digital rectal palpation, 41 had a T1-T2 prostate and 23 a T3-T4 prostate. Among the 602 TO prostates, 162 showed a hypoechoic peripheral area which was biopsied, revealing an infiltrating carcinoma in 11 cases. The ability of transrectal ultrasound alone to detect TO cancer was estimated at 1.8 per cent (11/602). The positive predictive value of a hypoechoic image of the prostate was estimated at 7 per cent (11/162), which is much lower than the figures reported in the literature. Transrectal ultrasound can be considered an acceptable method for detecting TO tumours of the prostate with a yield comparable to that of digital rectal palpation in the T1-T2 tumours. The low performance (1.8 per cent) of transrectal ultrasound in detecting cancer at an early stage rules out any mass screening programme of the male population over 50 years of age. However, 45 per cent of localized tumours in this series were detected by transrectal ultrasound.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The use of immunosome technology for vaccines against rabies and other viral diseases.

Subunit viral vaccines present several advantages. They are free of nucleic acids (of viral and/or cellular origin) and proteins of cellular and/or serum origin; they contain only the relevant antigen. For rabies virus, the antigen which induces the virus-neutralizing antibody (VNAb) is the glycoprotein (GP), which is anchored, in form of spikes, to the viral membrane. The GP may be extracted from the virion but, after solubilization and purification, it appears to be poorly immunogenic. In order to restore its immunogenicity, GP molecules are anchored to preformed liposomes (unilamellar phospholipid vesicles) to mimic their native structure and environment. The subunit vaccine obtained by this technique is called an "immunosome" (IMS). Rabies immunosomes exhibit structural and immunological properties very similar to those of the viral particle. The rabies glycoprotein molecules, anchored to the lipid bilayer of the liposome, correctly expose the immunodominant epitope involved in VNAb induction and induce a strong specific humoral immune response. They also induce a specific cellular immune response. As a result IMS have a highly protective activity when tested with either pre- or post-exposure potency tests. Immunosome technology may be applied to other purified membrane proteins or amphiphilic peptides to restore their immunogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vivo formation of beta-oxidized metabolites of leukotriene E4 in the rat.

Intraperitoneal administration of [3H]-leukotriene E4 in the rat resulted in the appearance of radiolabel in urine and feces. Separation of polar urinary metabolites and chromatographic comparison of synthetic metabolites indicated the in vivo formation of omega-oxidized metabolites of LTE4 with sequential beta-oxidation. Furthermore, the metabolite identified as 16-carboxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor-14,15-dihydro-N-acetyl-LTE4 substantiates the biochemical pathway of beta-oxidation in vivo involving the 2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase as an integral step. These results substantiate beta-oxidation of sulfidopeptide leukotrienes in vivo and these metabolites account for some of the major urinary metabolites of this class of lipid mediator.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Phenotyping of 76 human bladder tumors with a panel of monoclonal antibodies: correlation between pathology, surface immunofluorescence and DNA content.

Phenotyping of 76 bladder tumors (11 grade I, 33 grade II and 32 grade III) has been carried out by flow cytometry on cell suspensions with simultaneous determination of DNA content and surface immunofluorescence using G4 and 5 new monoclonal antibodies (10D1, 7C12, 6D1, 3C6 and 12F6) directed against bladder tumor cells. Ten normal bladder samples were used as control. Antibodies 6D1 and 12F6 were specific for tumor cells whereas the others also labelled umbrella cells. Cells from grade I tumors were labelled with 10D1, 6D1, 7C12 and 12F6 antibodies, and cells of grade II tumors with 7C12 and to a lesser degree with 12F6 but not with 10D1 and 6D1. Grade III tumor cells were specifically labelled with antibodies 3C6 and G4. Reactivity of antibodies with tissue sections was well correlated with cytometry results, except for the antibody 3C6. Finally, most of the cells stained by 3C6 and G4 were shown to have a DNA index greater than 1.0. In conclusion cells of low grade tumors can be identified with 10D1 and 6D1 antibodies, and antigens recognized by 3C6 and G4 antibodies are mostly expressed by aneuploid cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Flow cytometry analysis of leucocytes infiltrating bladder tumours according to grade and urothelial cell DNA content.

A series of 76 bladder tumours was studied using a panel of 5 anti-human leucocyte monoclonal antibodies (mAb): anti-pan-leucocytes (SLC1), anti-T lymphocytes (ST1), anti-B lymphocytes (SB3), anti-macrophages (PHM2) and anti-granulocytes (WEMG1). The DNA content and the expression for each mAb were measured in separate samples with flow cytometry. The importance of local inflammatory reaction was measured objectively according to tumour grade. These cells formed 41, 32 and 31% of the total cell count for grade I, II and III tumours respectively. The percentage of each leucocyte population according to grade I, II or III was as follows: 8, 5 and 6% respectively for T-lymphocytes; 3, 3 and 4% for B-lymphocytes; 10, 7 and 6% for granulocytes; 17, 18 and 24% for macrophages. No relationship was found between mAb expression and DNA content of tumours. This study demonstrates the importance of the inflammatory reaction in bladder tumours and the preponderance of cells expressing a macrophage phenotype. In a flow cytometry study, leucocytes may mask the presence of a minor group of urothelial tumour cells with an elevated DNA content associated with a poor prognosis; on the other hand, host leucocytes within a tumour could be used as an internal reference for precise measurement of the DNA content of tumour cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Multiple subcutaneous abscesses due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an immunocompetent host.

A 58-year-old immunocompetent man presented with a 9-month history of several disseminated subcutaneous ulcerative nodules, fever and weight loss. Histopathological changes were not specific. X-ray of the chest disclosed a large right hilar density highly suggestive of a lung carcinoma. All these manifestations eventually proved to be caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which grew from sputum and skin. We report this case because of its striking clinical features.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Flow cytometric demonstration of shared antigens between human bladder cancer cells and normal host macrophages.

Leukocyte infiltration has been studied with flow cytometry in a series of 76 bladder tumors. Cell DNA content and surface immunofluorescence with a panel of 6 monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were evaluated using a double-staining technique. The following Mabs were used: anti-CD5 (ST1); anti-CD37 (SB3); anti-granulocytes (WEMG1); anti-monocytes/macrophages (PHM2); a Mab directed against a bladder tumor-associated antigen (G4), and the anti-keratin-18 RGE53. Antigens recognized by Mabs ST1, SB3 and WEMG1, were only expressed by cells with a DNA index close to 1, whatever the grade or the DNA profile of the tumor. Conversely, PHM2 was not only expressed by cells with a DNA index close to 1, but also by cells with a DNA index of more than 1.5, i.e., by cells of the second peak in tumors with a bimodal DNA profile. Thus the PHM2 epitope was not exclusively expressed by macrophages but also by urothelial tumor cells with an elevated DNA index. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.87; p less than 0.01) was found between DNA index and PHM2 reactivity among cells of the second peak in tumors with a bimodal DNA profile, whereas there was no correlation between DNA index and cytokeratin-18 expression and a weak negative correlation (r = -0.42; p less than 0.02) between DNA index and G4 Mab reactivity. These findings support the hypothesis of a cell fusion between human malignant urothelial cells and normal host macrophages.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Value of anthropometric techniques in pediatric otology].

The recurrent and severe infections of the ENT region during childhood are frequently related to cranio-facial malformations or/and deficiency of the immune system. The cranio-facial abnormalities are at risk to be complicated by transmission deafness either primary or secondary through recurrent middle ear infections. In our pediatric out-patient clinic, most of the patients suffering severe recurrent ENT problems show variable malformations: abnormal implantation or shape of the external ear, a microretrognathism, cervical or facial branchial fistulae, high or ogival palate with anomalies of the dental occlusion or a bifid uvula. All these abnormalities share their origins in a pathological development of the first branchial arch. These developmental anomalies may directly lead to deafness (especially due to an abnormal middle car ossicular development since they are derived in part from the first arch). They may also favor secondary pathologies (middle ear otitis, abnormal soft palate). Moreover the development of the immune system is also dependent of a normal function of the endoblastic epithelium of the pharyngeal pouches which is a part of the branchial system. Immune dysfunctions may therefore accentuate the severity of the ENT Infections.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1989

[Static and dynamic posturography. Application to a population of young athletes].

The authors used a vertical force platform fitted with 4 pressure gauges (Societe Toennies). The static regime provides the statokinesigram, the lateral and sagittal stabilograms and their Fourier transformations. Information is collected with the eyes open and closed, thereby allowing the Romberg quotient to be determined. In the dynamic regime, the platform unexpectedly tilts to a toes-up position (4 degrees at a rate of 50 degrees/s). The activity of the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles is recorded by integrated electromyography. The early soleal response, provoked by the myostatic reflex, is followed by later responses due to the vestibulo-spinal reflex. These various parameters were recorded in young athletes and the obtained tracings are commented on.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cayler's cardio-facial syndrome. Apropos of 19 cases].

Hypoplasia of the depressor angulae oris muscle can be detected in the crying newborn by an asymmetry of the facies, and it must be differentiated from facial palsy. Asymmetry of the facies during crying spells associated with a congenital cardiac abnormality constitutes the Cayler's cardiofacial syndrome. Nineteen cases of this syndrome are reported. A wide spectrum of congenital heart defects of varying severity was observed, ventricular septal defect being the most common along with frequent malformations involving systems and organs other than the heart.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Indications of immunologic evaluation in recurrent otorhinolaryngologic infections in children].

Happening of 3 to 5 E.N.T. infections per year is often the price to pay by the young child to obtain his immunological maturity. Frequency and seriousness of the recurrencies leading to surgical interventions, results of which being doubtful and temporary (specially in ear infections) enforce differentiated immunological evaluations: graduating in methodology will be in accordance with the seriousness of happening cases. Our method involves different steps. Usual investigations will lead to easy and efficient treatment: research of the deficiency of iron, titration of immunoglobulin and IgG2, screening for inhalant allergy (Phadiatop test), eventually completed by allergological check up. Suppurations due to unusual microbial agents or fungus, must lead to a wider immunological check up, specially in case of multiple localizations, and in familial background. This check up, testing humoral and cellular immunity (lymphocytes and polynuclears) is mandatory heavy due to the number, the cost and recurrence of needed investigations. Its purpose is to show congenital or hereditary immunological deficiencies, which, however, happen scarcely.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1988

A rabies agglutination test (RAT) for rabies antibody detection.

An agglutination test has been developed for the detection of rabies antibodies after human vaccination. The rabies agglutination test (RAT) is based on the capability of specific antibody to agglutinate sensitized polystyrene (or latex) beads. In the RAT, latex beads were coated, in a first step, with inactivated and purified rabies virus (PV strain adapted and propagated on BHK-21 cells) and, in a second step, with bovine serum albumin. Negative control beads were coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) only. To test for human antibody, several microliters of serum were mixed on a glass slide with an equal volume of virus-sensitized beads and the mixture was gently agitated. After a few minutes, agglutination was visible with sera which had been characterized as positive by the virus neutralization antibody (VNAb) technique. No agglutination was observed with negative sera tested with virus-coated beads or with positive sera tested with BSA-coated beads. Virus-sensitized beads were agglutinated when the virus neutralizing antibody titres were equal to or greater than 2.5 international units per ml (IU/ml) in human sera. The concordance between the RAT results and VNAb titres was about 97% when 2.5 IU/ml was taken as the cut off value for determining the positive sera with the VNAb technique. The possibility that clinicians might use the RAT as a simple means to determine sero-conversion at the end of the post-exposure treatment of patients is discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗