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Biomedical subjects

P Pavone

Publications and source records attributed to P Pavone.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Scintigraphic diagnosis of pancreatic diseases: random analysis of 100 patients].

After a brief statement on the procedure of selection of the patients, the article describes how the cases were studied, since some difficulties arose through the lack of homogeneity of the subjects. The cases are then commented and an effort is made to evidence the outstanding data which can be deduced, and in particular a study is made of the percentage of overall unreliability of scintillographic examination, the "false positives" and the "false negatives", which are rather low. The Authors conclude with the consideration that scintiscanning of the pancreas now constitutes a valid method of investigation of pancreatic pathology.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superparamagnetic iron oxide: detection of focal liver lesions at high-field-strength MR imaging.

AMI-25 was evaluated at 1.5 T as a superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent for the liver. Sixteen patients with up to five suspected focal liver lesions were examined with T1-, proton-density-, and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences before and after intravenous administration of AMI-25 (15 mumol/kg iron). The contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) increased from 1.8 to 3.5 on 600/15 (TR msec/TE msec) images and from 1.7 to 7.9 on 2,500/15 images after AMI-25 administration (P < .01). C/N did not change significantly on 2,500/90 images. Two blinded readers counted the number of lesions visible on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced images, with the 32 sets of images of the 16 patients presented in random order. Both readers identified more lesions on AMI-25-enhanced images, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). Two patients reported minor side effects (flushing, sensation of heat, lower back pain). On the basis of the results obtained in a limited number of patients, the authors conclude that at 1.5 T, AMI-25 does not significantly improve the detection of focal liver lesions on conventional spin-echo images.

Contrast Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peliosis hepatis with pseudotumoral and hemorrhagic evolution: CT and MR findings.

Peliosis hepatis is an uncommon benign disorder characterized by blood-filled cavities within the liver. We describe the sonographic, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance appearance of a patient affected by peliosis hepatis with pseudotumoral and hemorrhagic evolution and direct demonstration of the ectatic vascular components.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemangiosarcoma of the adrenal glands: CT findings in two cases.

Hemangiosarcomas of the adrenal gland, both benign and malignant, are exceedingly rare; only a dozen of them have been reported in literature to our knowledge. We describe herein the findings at CT of 2 primary hemangiosarcomas of the adrenal glands. We also discuss their etiology, incidence, and differential diagnosis, particularly in relation to more frequent primary adrenal lesions, such as adrenal adenomas and carcinomas. CT will generally show a heterogeneous mass with frequent necrosis, contrast-enhancement, and occasional calcifications. A prospective diagnosis cannot be made by imaging alone, and pathology represents the discriminating method for a correct diagnosis.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Restorative proctocolectomy: morphological and functional study with coronal CT.

BACKGROUND: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch has become the surgical treatment of choice for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial polyposis of the colon. Defecography is the radiological technique commonly employed to obtain detailed information on function and morphology of the ileal pouch; it allows the direct visualization of the ileal pouch and the anal canal, but it does not provide the visualization of the pelvis. METHODS: In all patients, computed tomography (CT) on coronal planes was performed to determine its possibilities as an alternative to defecography; 10 patients with UC submitted to restorative proctocolectomy and were examined. RESULTS: Coronal CT images provided a panoramic vision of the pelvis and demonstrated the morphology of the ileal pouch, the thickness of its walls, and its correlation with the surrounding tissues. Coronal CT also allowed the evaluation of the continence of ileo-anal and ileo-ileal anastomosis and the functional changes of the perineal muscles at rest and during squeezing. CONCLUSION: CT images acquired on coronal planes allows an easy and clear detection of the major postoperative complications, such as stenosis or dehiscences of the anastomosis, pelvic phlogosis, and fistulae.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT of Nissen's fundoplication.

The aim of this work is to describe the computed tomographic (CT) anatomy in patients who underwent Nissen's fundoplication. Forty patients (mean age = 61 years) with peptic esophagitis (nine cases), refractory gastroesophageal reflux (11 cases), and hiatal hernia (20 cases) were studied. Examinations were performed by third-generation CT equipment, with patients in the prone position after the ingestion of gastrovison and barium paste. In 34 patients, the examination demonstrated anatomical variations related to surgery, that is, the presence of a soft tissue mass at the level of the distal third of the esophagus. In four patients, a functional incompetence of the fundoplication (three cases) and a recurrent hiatal hernia (one case) were demonstrated. Our results suggest a possible application for CT study in postoperative follow up of patients who undergo Nissen's fundoplication, complementary to endoscopy and functional exams.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postsurgical follow-up of aortic dissections by MRI.

Fifteen patients with surgical repair for dissecting aneurysm were examined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), using a 0.5 T super-conductive unit. Follow-up studies were obtained at 1 to 18 months (mean 7.2) post-surgery. T1-weighted spin-echo sequences were acquired with ECG gating on axial, coronal and oblique sagittal planes. In 6 patients gated gradient rephased sequences were also employed. Residual intimal tear in the native aorta was visualized in 11 patients, together with new or progressive extention of the dissection and aneurysmatic development. Gradient rephasing sequences were useful in detecting slow flow and thrombotic deposits and in evaluating relations to aortic vessels and intimal flap. MR images provided useful information on pathology allowing a non invasive evaluation of the status of the aorta.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duodenal hemangiopericytoma: CT and MRI findings.

Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare mesenchymal tumor generally occurring in adults and originating from the pericytes. The tumor more commonly affects the soft tissues of the extremities, the pelvis, and the retroperitoneum. We describe the computed tomographic and magnetic resonance appearance of a patient affected by HPC of the duodenum.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Focal Castleman disease of the lung: MRI findings.

Castleman disease is an uncommon benign disorder mainly affecting mediastinal lymph nodes and rarely visceral organs. The most typical structural finding is hypervascularity which can be well demonstrated both by CT and MRI. We report MR findings of an unusual case of solitary parenchymal lung involvement.

Castleman Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR characterization of hepatic lesions by t-null inversion recovery sequence.

Tissue characterization of focal hepatic lesions was performed employing an inversion recovery sequence with short repetition time and short inversion time (TI) values. Different and specific TI values, correlated to the in vivo measured T1 relaxation times, were used to null the signal intensity of each type of lesion. In 40 patients studied, we observed the nulling effect of normal liver in 10 of 10 cases with a TI of 136 ms, of metastases in 7 of 8 cases with a TI of 175 ms, of hemangiomas in 15 of 16 cases with a TI of 200 ms, and of cysts in 6 of 7 cases with a TI of 235 ms. A quantitative analysis of the nulled signal was performed by measuring the signal/noise values. A further qualitative and quantitative characterization was carried out by evaluating the signal intensity of hepatic lesions at the null point of normal liver. The method provided the possibility of discriminating different focal lesions with specificity values of 83-94%, according to the type of lesion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic beta-cell tumors: MRI.

Ten consecutive patients with surgically proven beta-islet cell tumors, strongly suspected clinically because of positive laboratory findings, were studied by MRI at 0.5 T. Results were correlated with CT and angiography. MRI detected all 10 insulinomas, with the location confirmed at surgery. Lesion size was < 1 cm in three cases, between 1 and 2 cm in five cases, and between 2 and 3 cm in two cases. A false-negative diagnosis was obtained with CT in 6 of 10 and with angiography in 3 of 10 cases. Our results suggest that if motion artifact can be controlled or reduced, MRI can be employed to localize insulinomas in patients with positive clinical and laboratory findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipomatous tumors of the stomach: CT findings and differential diagnosis.

This article reviews the computed tomography imaging features of a variety of gastric tumors containing fatty tissue. Lipoma, angiolipoma, liposarcoma, and teratoma are described. Differential diagnosis includes primary and reactive lipomatosis, carcinoma engulfing the perivisceral fat thus mimicking differentiated liposarcoma, and mesenchymal gastric and peritoneal neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous biliary drainage in neoplastic jaundice. Statistical data from a computerized multicenter investigation.

Technical and clinical data concerning 731 controlled patients submitted to nonsurgical percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) for preoperative or palliative purposes were collected from eight institutions. Using a computerized analysis program, general and special statistics were obtained, with special attention given to 536 neoplastic cases. Technical success, type, level and nature of the lesions, purpose of drainage, surgery performed, complications, and other clinical and technical information were considered and compared with the clinical results. Statistically significant data were obtained comparing, respectively, bilirubin levels with duration of drainage, survival with type of treatment (PBD alone or followed by radical or palliative surgery), operative with post PBD mortality, survival with type of PBD (external catheter, internal catheter, and endoprosthesis), and complications with type of PBD used.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Trans anal full thickness tru-cut needle biopsies in anal canal tumors after conservative treatment.

After conservative treatment anal mucosal biopsies enable exclusion of neoplastic cells only on the endoluminal surface. We used transanal full thickness tru-cut needle biopsies in the follow-up of 11 anal tumors. Full thickness tru-cut needle biopsies showed malignant cells in the fibrous tissue in 3 patients and few cells with atypical nuclear features in another 2. All diagnostic exams resulted negative. Therefore, needle biopsies were helpful to diagnose neoplastic remainder. Multiple samples are necessary to reduce the false negative number. This method is simple, relatively inexpensive, easily repeatable and not burdened with complications.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[MR imaging of pancreatic neoplasms].

The role of MR imaging in the assessment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is in identification, characterization and staging of the neoplastic lesion. Technique optimization is required in order to obtain high qualities images competitive with spiral CT. The choice of imaging protocol is strictly related to the available equipment as well as fast imaging capabilities. Contrast-enhanced study using breath-hold sequences is required if working at high field strength with high gradient performance; on mid-low field strength nonbreath-hold acquisition techniques, using respiratory compensation techniques, can be implemented. The use of fat saturation pulses may increase the sensitivity of MR in detecting pancreatic lesions. Other advantages of MR imaging are represented by the availability of additional noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of the biliary tree (MR-cholangiopancreatography) and splanchnic vessels (MR-angiography). Lesion identification is based on TIw sequences where the lesion appears hypointense compared with the surrounding pancreas; increased lesion-pancreas contrast is obtained when fat suppression is used. On dynamic studies following gadolinium injection, pancreatic tumors are hypovascular compared with surrounding normal pancreatic gland. Problems in correctly defining the size of the lesions may be encountered in patients presenting with inflammatory changes of the pancreatic parenchyma surrounding the carcinoma (epineoplastic pancreatitis). For lesion characterization MRI is not able to characterize focal pancreatic lesions, allowing a differential diagnosis between pancreatic cancer and focal hypertrophic chronic pancreatitis. Even the use of MR-cholangiopancreatography is not helpful for characterizing focal pancreatic masses. MR imaging is accurate in local staging (assessment of peripancreatic fat infiltration) thanks to the higher contrast resolution, but in vascular staging and in the evaluation of lymphnodal involvement it suffers the same limitations as computed tomography. Future perspective are represented by the use of magnetic resonance angiography for the evaluation of vascular encasement and the use of specific contrast agents for lymphadenopathy. Identification of hepatic metastases with MRI has been proven to be high, with sensitivity and specificity comparable to CT. The use of liver-specific contrast agents (either positive or negative) is becoming almost routine and it is proving to further improve the diagnostic value of MRI.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Report of a family].

The Authors report on the clinical and instrumental findings of a 11 years old patient affected with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, several component of her family were also affected. The Authors confirm clinical heterogeneity of the disease and the importance of a early diagnosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Post-influenza viral myositis: report of a case].

The inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases due to autoimmunitary or infective causes. They are diagnosed by clinical electrophysiological features, and muscle biopsy. The autoimmunity group is subdivided in dermatomyositis, polimyositis and inclusion body myositis. The second group caused by viral genesis are called generally "myositis". The two groups have a different prognosis and therapy. The infective group denominated myositis have usually a viral etiology. We have evaluated 6 patients with viral myositis that are studied by physical examination, blood test (CK included), electromyographic pattern and muscle biopsy. The Authors emphasized the role of muscle biopsy for the diagnosis of this pathology and in particular for the myositis.

Biopsy↗