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Biomedical subjects

P Patterson

Publications and source records attributed to P Patterson.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Villitis of unknown etiology is associated with major infiltration of fetal tissue by maternal inflammatory cells.

Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a common placental lesion and an important cause of intrauterine growth retardation and recurrent reproductive failure. Two theories have been proposed to explain VUE. One proposes that VUE is an exclusively fetal immune response to microbial antigen, whereas the other suggests that maternal cells cross the maternal-fetal interface and mount an immune response to fetal antigens. To differentiate between these alternatives, we performed in situ hybridization using X and Y chromosome-specific probes and immunostaining for CD3 and CD45 on VUE placentas from male infants. A total of eight foci and 40 villi were studied from four male VUE placentas. Controls included nonaffected villi from each male VUE placenta, a female VUE placenta, and male and female tonsils. Affected villi showed a major proportion of XX (maternal) cells (range 30 to 54%). An appropriate percentage of the remaining (fetal) cells contained Y chromosomes. The fraction of cells within the eight foci staining for CD3 (T lymphocytes) ranged from 34 to 57%, whereas the fraction staining for CD45/LCA (total leukocytes) ranged from 45 to 74%. The proportion of maternal cells within each focus was significantly correlated with the number of CD3-positive T lymphocytes but not with the number of CD3-negative leukocytes. We conclude that maternal cells, probably CD3-positive T cells, cross the maternofetal barrier and participate in VUE.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Human HOX4E: a gene strongly expressed in the adult male and female urogenital tracts.

Homeobox-containing genes (Hox genes) are believed to play a fundamental role in development and positional identity. Four homologous Hox gene complexes are found in humans and mice. Genes at the 3' ends of these complexes tend to be expressed rostrally while those at the 5' end are expressed caudally. Whereas complete open reading frames have been reported for rostrally expressed 3' Hox genes, structural information is lacking for the more 5' genes. Genomic and cDNA clones containing the human HOX4E (also known as human Hox 4.5) gene were isolated. The gene contains two exons and spans about 5 kb of DNA. The N-terminal portion of the HOX4E activation domain contains several consensus sequence elements also found in other mammalian AbdB family genes. Further downstream, however, HOX4E contains a novel 37-amino-acid stretch containing 30% acidic residues. Northern blot analysis of HOX4E expression in adult tissues showed a major human transcript of 1.8 kb, the expression of which was largely limited to tissues of the male and female urogenital tracts. Expression was particularly strong in the uterus. This suggests that aside from its effects during embryogenesis, the HOX4E gene may play a continuing role in adult genitourinary tract function.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of physical stress on complete blood count and venous blood gas profile of individuals with sickle cell trait.

The association between sickle cell trait (SCT) and adverse effects of exercise has been controversial. While individuals with SCT are at higher risk of sudden death, the mechanism for this outcome remains to be elucidated. In order to shed light on this controversy, we have monitored venous blood count and blood gas parameter values in normal and SCT subjects during treadmill exercise. White and red blood cell counts and hemoglobin changed significantly over time in both the SCT and normal groups, with peak exercise values different from pre-exercise or post-exercise values. Red blood cell counts showed significant group-time interaction; increase in count during exercise was accentuated in SCT subjects. All blood gas parameters showed significant changes over time in both groups. O2 content was significantly higher in SCT than AA at all time intervals. O2 saturation, pO2 and CO binding to hemoglobin showed significant group-time interaction. Furthermore, O2 saturation for the combined groups was significantly greater at peak exercise and at rest than before exercise. It is possible that treadmill exercise causes microvascular shunting in SCT subjects, leading to a decrease in the peripheral utilization of oxygen.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

OR construction challenges for managers.

An OR building project is one of the biggest challenges a manager faces. With the dramatic changes in surgery, more managers will have that opportunity. Hospitals are adding on, renovating, and reconfiguring to serve a shifting market. What are the trends for health facilities? How do you gear up for a project? What should you know about the design process? And how do you survive construction--and moving day? In a series of articles in the next several months, veteran managers, planners, architects, and other experts will provide advice you can use so your new OR will be a safe, efficient environment for your patients, staff, and physicians.

Forecasting↗