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Biomedical subjects

P Montgomery

Publications and source records attributed to P Montgomery.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Induction of ornithine decarboxylase by renin-free nerve growth factor.

Renin-free nerve growth factor causes the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17) in superior cervical ganglia from neonatal rats but not in the brain of mature rats. Less pure preparations of nerve growth factor induce the enzyme in both brain and ganglia. The induction of ornithine decarboxylase in the central nervous system appears to be due to renin, not to nerve growth factor itself.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1978

Sensory dysfunction in children who toe walk.

In order to formulate a hypothesis regarding the etiology of toe walking, the sensory processing abilities of 17 mentally retarded children who toe walk were examined. A galvanic skin response was used to compare reactions of the mentally retarded children and a group of normal children to a variety of sensory stimuli. Galvanic skin response testing did not reveal significant differences between the two groups in processing sensory input. Scores of the mentally retarded children from a postrotary nystagmus test were compared to values for normal children of the same age, and the results indicated that vestibular dysfunction was present in all of the subjects. We hypothesize that children may toe walk to increase somatosensory input to the lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiter's) and the lateral vestibulospinal tract to facilitate support tone in the lower extremities during walking.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

Effect of sensory integrative therapy on the neurometer development of retarded children.

Three groups of trainable mentally retarded children participated in three different motor programs for an eight-month period. Children receiving sensory integrative therapy showed the greatest gains on test batteries for reflex integration and gross and fine motor skills. Children in a developmental physical education program demonstrated greater improvement on the same test batteries than a third group of children who participated in a recreational, adaptive physical education program and an "arts and crafts" oriented therapy program. Results of data analysis indicate that neuromotor development may be enhanced more effectively by activities which facilitate improved postural responses rather than by practice of specific motor skills.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Cyclic AMP in dental and periodontal tissues during tooth eruption in kittens.

Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations and cellular distribution were studied in dental and periodontal tissues during tooth eruption in kittens. Although the mean levels of cAMP around developing teeth were similar in all the tissue samples, there were marked differences in cAMP stainability of tissues apical and occlusal to the erupting teeth.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The agitated patient with brain injury and the rehabilitation staff: bridging the gap of misunderstanding.

Patients with brain injury at the agitated stage of recovery present a unique challenge to rehabilitation staff. The staff's patience is tested, and their personal comfort is threatened frequently during their interactions with patients. How can a healthcare team increase its comfort level and competence when working with these patients? Rehabilitation specialty programs work effectively when all staff members are competent to understand and meet the daily challenges of working with their patients. An educational program about agitated patients with brain injury targeted to certified nursing assistants carried over to the staff's job performance and to increased staff confidence.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatty acid deficiency signs predict the severity of reading and related difficulties in dyslexic children.

It has been proposed that developmental dyslexia may be associated with relative deficiencies in certain highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). In children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, minor physical signs of fatty acid deficiency have been shown to correlate with blood biochemical measures of HUFA deficiency. These clinical signs of fatty acid deficiency were therefore examined in 97 dyslexic children in relation to reading and related skills, and possible sex differences were explored. Children with high fatty acid deficiency ratings showed poorer reading (P<0.02) and lower general ability (P<0.04) than children with few such clinical signs. Within males (n=72) these relationships were stronger, and fatty acid deficiency signs were also associated with poorer spelling and auditory working memory (P<0.05, P<0.005 respectively). Within females (n=25) no associations were significant. These results support the hypothesis that fatty acid deficiency may contribute to the severity of dyslexic problems, although sex differences merit further investigation.

Biomarkers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic carbamazepine treatment increases brain adenosine receptors.

The effect of carbamazepine on adenosine receptors in vitro has been well documented, with findings from several groups showing that therapeutic doses of this drug are sufficient to inhibit binding to the major portion of adenosine receptors in brain. In this study, we describe the effects of chronic carbamazepine on central adenosine receptors from several areas of rat brain using [3H]diethylphenylxanthine [( 3H]DPX) and [3H]cyclohexyladenosine [( 3H]CHA) as ligands. Carbamazepine was administered to rats orally in the diet at doses of 2.25 g/kg of diet and 5.0 g/kg of diet for periods of 3 and 11 days, respectively. Carbamazepine-treated animals displayed higher levels of adenosine receptors in virtually all brain areas tested, most of which reached significance in the 11-day treatment group. Scatchard analysis revealed increases in the number of receptors. There was no change in peripheral and central type benzodiazepine receptors or beta-adrenergic receptors in the carbamazepine-treated animals. Therefore, carbamazepine treatment in vivo appears to upregulate adenosine receptors, suggesting that this drug may act as an adenosine antagonist.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lactation duration: influences of human milk replacements and formula samples on women planning postpartum employment.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influences of inhospital administration of breast milk replacements and receipt of formula samples on lactation duration among women planning postpartum employment. DESIGN: Prospective design. SETTING: Telephone interviews conducted prenatally and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-partum. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-nine participants entered the study; 53 completed all scheduled interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence and type of in-hospital human milk replacement, incidence and sources of formula samples, incidence of breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum, and duration of lactation. RESULTS: During hospitalization, 19% of infants received formula; the incidence of breastfeeding at 6 weeks and duration of breastfeeding were significantly shorter in these infants compared with infants who were not fed formula. Fifty-nine percent of participants received formula samples from the hospital, 30% received samples from a physician's office, and 51% received samples by mail. Receipt of formula samples by mail was associated with reduced incidence of breastfeeding at 6 weeks and shortened duration of lactation. CONCLUSIONS: Early formula feeding and receipt of formula samples by mail may be barriers to lactation in women employed outside the home.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Closing of a psychiatric intensive care unit: a manifestation of lost values.

TOPIC: A psychiatric intensive care unit shown to be of value to patients and staff was closed within a year, ostensibly for economic reasons. PURPOSE: To examine the usefulness of psychiatric intensive care units, and the importance of thinking through the ramifications of downsizing SOURCE: A case study of a psychiatric ICU in Northern Ontario, Canada and a review of the literature. CONCLUSIONS: When downsizing is considered, a careful examination of values must take place, remembering patient care comes first.

Cost Control↗