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Biomedical subjects

P Meunier

Publications and source records attributed to P Meunier.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Myelopathies cervical arthroses. Apropos of 14 personal cases, 12 of which were operated on].

Reviewing fourteen cases, the authors show that cervical myelopathies present by spastic quadriplegia associated in half of the cases with sensory impairment and in a third of cases with radicular signs in the upper limbs. Tomography always shows posterior discal osteophytosis, sometimes gross, which reduces the lumen of the canal more particularly since it is associated (eleven times out of fourteen) with constitutional stenosis, of variable severity. Opaque or gaseous myelography makes it possible to exclude malformation or new formation and will demonstrate cord constriction within the canal. Surgical treatment (eleven laminectomies, 1 discectomy-artrodesis) resulted in 7 improvements, no change in 3 cases and 2 exacerbations. The myelopathies appeared to be due to repeated contusions of the cord and its arteries against the wall of the canal, caused by neck movements.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Physiopathology of megarectum: the association of megarectum with encopresis.

Studies of both rectosphincteric reflex threshold and conscious rectal sensitivity threshold were performed on 15 control subjects and 61 children with a radiological megarectum, 70% of whom were encopretics. In control subjects, the reflex threshold and the sensitivity threshold were obtained with a comparable volume of rectal distension. In the megarectum patients, sensitivity was often considerably reduced, the incidence of encopresis increasing proportionally with the decrease in conscious rectal sensitivity. Patients were segregated in three functional groups, according to measurements of the sensitivity threshold.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Relation between urinary cyclic AMP, PTH and histomorphometric resorption parameter. A study of 44 human iliac crest bone biopsies].

Daily urinary cyclic AMP (AMPcU) has been compared to pth plasma level and to bone resorption parameters in 44 cases of metabolic bone disease. In 14 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism, AMPcU was always increased likewise in 4 cases of osteomalacia with secondary hyperparathyroidism. On the whole series of cases a significant correlation has been found (1) between PTH plasma level and AMPcU and (2) between bone resporption surfaces and AMPcU. Conversely, no correlation between PTH and periosteocytic lacunae size, nor between AMPcU and periosteocytic lacunae has been found.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[Melorheostosis in adults. Apropos of 2 cases, 1 of them treated with diphosphonate (EHDP)].

The authors report two cases of melorheostosis discovered in adults because of fairly intense pain and deformation of the affected limb. The radiological appearances were typical. Isotope bone scintigraphy showed strong hyperfixation in the affected bones. A histomorphometric study of a double iliac bone biopsy showed on the one hand, cortical hypertrophy, normal osteonic architecture, and normal lamellar texture in the pathological regions, and, on the other hand, the dynamic character of the healthy bone close the lesions. In one of the patients an original attempt at treatment with diphosphonate (1 200 mg/day of EHDP for 5 months) resulted in a clear improvement in the bone pain. The disease is considered to be a mesodermic dystrophy. It seems to be due to strong hyperactivity of the subperiosteal bone accretion, which, normally, persists only at a weak level in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Treatment of infra-vesical obstructions in neurologic bladders. 27 cases].

Of a total of 176 cases of spina bifida observed from a urological standpoint, we detected an infra-vesical obstruction in 27, the diagnosis being based upon urological findings alone: dysuria, residue and infection. The 11 boys had a disorder of the striated sphincter justifying sphincterotomy, the technique and results of which are discussed, in terms of symptoms and signs resulting from the obstruction, with respect to continence and the effects on the upper tract. 16 of our patients were female and the nature of the infra-vesical obstruction was far more uncertain. A disorder of the striated sphincter was present in the girl treated by a Y-V plasty of the anterior aspect of the bladder neck passing low down on the anterior aspect of the urethra. We also present results relating to residue, retention, dysuria, continence and the upper urinary tract. Overall, these results are too recent and difficult and no definite conclusions may be drawn.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Short-term biological effects of synthetic salmon calcitonin in Paget's disease. Influence of posology].

In ten patients with Paget's disease of bone (Group I) intramuscular injection of 50 MRC units of synthetic Salmon calcitonin (SCT) induced a marked decrease of serum calcium (-1,444 mg%), serum phosphorus (-1,06 mg%), urinary total hydroxyproline (-71%), and a marked increase of urinary cyclic AMP (+ 114%). These changes occur at maximum 6 hours after the injection with a return to the initial values after 24 hours. In six other patients with Paget's disease (Group II) the acute biological effects were of the same nature and magnitude after the injection of 100 MRC units of SCT. In this group a significant but temporary increase of the plasma parathyroid hormone level was demonstrated. The magnitude of the hypocalcemia seems proportional to the initial serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline levels. After one month of treatment, the alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline have more marked and more regular decrease in group II who received 100 MRC units of SCT daily than in group I who received 50 MRC units three times a week. The cellular mechanisms of these biological changes are discussed. A posology of two daily injections of 50 MRC units of SCT is suggested when a quick and maximum stoppage of pagetic remodeling is required.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical, biological and histological effects of ethane-1-hydroxy 1, 1-diphosphonate (EDHP) in Paget's disease].

The diphosphonates are analogues of the pyrophosphates that are capable of resisting enzymatic destruction and they become fixed in the bone tissue where they have a powerful inhibitory action on osteoclastic resorption and on osteoid mineralization. Ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EDHP) was administered by mouth at the dose of 20 mg/kg/day over a period of 3 to 6 months to 11 patients with painful Paget's disease. A marked analgesic effect was noted in 7 of the 11 patients. Spectacular metabolic effects were noted with return to normal of the total hydroxyprolinuria/24 h and of the alkaline phosphatases 3 months after treatment in 6 of the 11 treated subjects and a marked improvement in these parameters in 4 other patients. Histologically, there was almost total disappearance of osteoclasia and of osteoblastosis in the affected areas. Clinically, the secondary effects presented in some cases as diarrhoea, and an early and marked rise in phosphoraemia was recorded. Histologically, hyperosteoidosis was seen, equally in the affected and nonaffected zones. This resulted from an almost complete stoppage in the calcification of the osteoid as indicated by the double labelling by tetracycline. The review of the literature shows that considerable therapeutic effects are obtained even with very small doses of EHDP, e.g., 10 mg/kg/day for 3 months, but that these are often accompanied by more marked secondary effects. The diphosphonates appear to be a promising treatment for Paget's disease.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗