Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Meunier

Publications and source records attributed to P Meunier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Influence of a new vapor protective clothing layer on physical work tolerance times at 40 degrees C.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of a new vapor protective clothing on physical work performance in a hot environment (40 degrees C and 25% relative humidity). Eleven unacclimatized males (28 +/- 6 years, 79 +/- 8 kg, 1.76 +/- 0.06 m) were assigned to exercise at either a light intermittent (L) (N = 6), or heavy continuous (H) (N = 5) metabolic rate. Group L alternated between 15 min of walking on a treadmill at 1.11 m.s-1 with a 0% grade and 15 min of rest. Group H walked continuously at 1.33 m.s-1 with a 3% grade. Subjects were tested wearing three clothing configurations: full nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) protection (TOPP High) with the combat clothing worn under the NBC garment (TH + CC); full NBC protection without combat clothing (TH - CC); the new vapor protective clothing together with the NBC gloves, boots, and respirator (NPC). WTT was the time-period until rectal temperature (Tre) reached 39.3 degrees C, heart rate reached 95% maximum, dizziness or nausea precluded further exercise, or 3 h had elapsed. For group L, WTT was similar for TH + CC (113 +/- 12 min) and TH - CC (139 +/- 18 min). WTT was significantly increased for NPC where all subjects completed the 3 h in the climatic chamber. The rate of increase for Tre was significantly reduced for NPC (0.3 +/- 0.1 degree C.h-1) compared with both TH + CC (0.9 +/- 0.1 degree C.h-1) and TH - CC (0.8 +/- 0.2 degree C.h-1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1991

High and intermediate imperforate anus: functional results and postoperative manometric assessment.

Between 1983 and 1989, 21 patients with high (12) and intermediate (9) imperforate anus were operated on according to the author's procedure. The anatomical results are satisfactory (20/21). The records of the clinical and paraclinical assessments of 13 of these patients with a follow-up of at least 5 years, is reported. The patient history demonstrates that 12 out of 13 are clean at night, with 1 to 3 bowel movements during the day. The intermediate forms have no accidental defecation and almost no soiling. Conversely, the high forms often soil but usually do not wear thick protections. Criteria of successful reconstruction as rectal examination, defecogram, CT scan or MRI, yield limited data but no formal conclusions. Manometric studies provide a better understanding of the bowel function after pull-through procedures, by studying the rectoanal inhibitory reflex threshold (RAIRT), the maximal anal resting closure (MARCP), the conscious rectal sensitivity threshold (CRST) and the maximal rectal compliance (MRC). Technical aspects of these recordings are detailed. Manometric recording from 13 of these 21 patients show that RAIRT is present in 3 out of 6 intermediate forms and 3 out of 7 high forms. CRST is normal in all the cases except 1. MARCP was normal in 5 out of 6 intermediate lesions and 5 out of 7 high lesions. MRC is good in 5 intermediate forms and 3 high forms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1990

[The hypersensitive bowel].

The irritable bowel syndrome is above all a syndrome of intestinal pain. Although the intestinal disorders described in this syndrome have prompted several studies focused on intestinal motility, little has been learned from these studies increasing our knowledge on the pathophysiology of this syndrome. The demonstration of colonic hypermotility or various and slightly significant modification in small intestinal motility do not add much to our knowledge. For one, why are clinical signs such as abdominal pain, bowel movement disorders, and abdominal distension, and most likely other motor disorders, found in numerous normal subjects (14 to 30 percent of the normal population) who do not seed medical advice for intestinal signs which are, one must admit, not very alarming? Are patients who complain of functional digestive tract disorders, constantly seeking medical advice and heavy medication consumers, mentally ill (emotional patients, hypochondriacs, depressive, hysterics), are they just under great stress, or do they indeed have chronic pain pathology? A number of studies show clearly that the last hypothesis is most likely true: patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (i.e. hypersensitive bowel) have a chronic pain pathology because their threshold perception of pain is lower than in the normal population. The threshold tolerance to distension of the pelvic colon is lower in these patients than in asymptomatic patients. The gastric transmural potential is lower in patients complaining of functional intestinal disorders, and it is known that a fragile mucosa is highly sensitive to normally innocuous stimuli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1989

Preservation of infralevator structures in imperforate anus repair.

In this report, we describe the most recent refinements to the anterior perineal approach originally described by Mollard for the repair of high and intermediate forms of imperforate anus. A skin tube is constructed from perineal skin, passed through the center of the external sphincter, and anastomosed to the fully preserved rectum with or without tapering. The anastomosis lies within the puborectalis sling and is anchored to the striated muscle complex. Sixteen patients have been operated on by this technique with excellent anatomic results in 15 patients and excellent early functional results in patients who are 2 years of age or older.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1989

[The value of echography in the early diagnosis of renal lesions in the Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Apropos of a case].

The Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome (LMBB) is characterized by the association of obesity, hypogonadism, polydactyly, mental retardation and pigmentary retinitis. Symptomatic or asymptomatic renal dysplasia (calyceal diverticula, precalyceal tubular ectasia, cysts) is frequently associated with LMBB. The authors consider renal sonography as the convenient investigation for an early detection of such dysplasia as in the case they reported here.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Cerebral evoked potentials after endorectal mechanical stimulation in humans.

Although numerous clinical studies have proved that impaired rectal sensation is a major factor in fecal continence dysfunctions, objective studies in this field are still lacking. To provide information on normal rectal afferents, a study of cerebral potentials evoked by mechanical stimulation of the rectal wall was carried out in 10 healthy volunteers (5 male, 5 female; age, 33-52 yr). The stimulating device consisted of a rectal balloon rhythmically inflated and deflated by means of an animal breathing ventilator. Recordings were obtained 2 cm behind the vertex (C'z, International system 10-20). The responses were averaged from 300 to 800 sweeps. The average was triggered either on inflation ("on effect") or on deflation ("off effect"). Inflation volume and pressure were adjusted to induce a clear but not painful pulsing sensation. Reproducible responses were recorded by both on and off effects. The evoked potentials were polyphasic with a succession of positive and negative waves (peak latencies between 78 and 310 ms). The shape of the response (morphology, latency, and amplitude) was perfectly reproducible in the same subject. With regard to intrasubject reproducibility, variability was displayed: only the early waves (latency less than 100 ms) were perfectly reproducible; late waves exhibited variable latency and morphology. The present findings are the first demonstration of the possibility of recording an evoked potential on the scalp after a mechanical stimulation of the rectum.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of fetal cystic hygroma. Clinical and echographic study].

In reference to a case of fetal cystic hygroma discovered on ultrasonogram, after 16 weeks of amenorrhea, the authors remind of the need for a karyotype; this is absolutely necessary in the therapeutic decision. Most of the time, it is related to a Turner's syndrome. In case of abnormal karyotype, a therapeutic interruption of pregnancy may be proposed. If the karyotype is normal, the ultrasonogram should be rechecked since hygroma regression has been described. If these images persist or become worse, it is related, most often, to a Noonan's syndrome and interruption of pregnancy may also be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Terminal constipation caused by abdominopelvic asynchrony: analysis of etiological, clinical, manometric data and therapeutic results after rehabilitation by biofeedback].

The aim of this study was to describe the etiological, clinical, rectoanal manometric findings as well as the results of biofeedback therapy in a series of 65 patients (34 males, 31 females, aged between 5 and 77 years) presenting with severe primary constipation due to pelvic abdominal asynchronism. Pelvic abdominal asynchronism was statistically more frequent in males during childhood and in female patients during adult life (p less than 0.005). This study disclosed a high frequency of psychogenic factors in the onset of pelvic abdominal asynchronism (26 p. 100) as well as a high frequency of soiling (46.2 p. 100) in constipated patients. In 36.2 p. 100 of cases, pelvic abdominal asynchronism was the only abnormality. In contrast, in most of the patients, asynchronism was associated with miscellaneous rectoanal disorders: increased anal closure pressure (43.3 p. 100), decreased anal closure pressure (11.8 p. 100), impaired rectal conscious sensitivity (11.7 p. 100), and increased rectal compliance (31 p. 100). This study demonstrated that when high-fiber diet and laxatives fail, biofeedback therapy is a very interesting alternative, providing 80 p. 100 of good results in selected cases. However, we were unable to find any clinical or manometric parameters predictive of results of treatment. Follow-up studies are needed to determine long-term results of biofeedback training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Endorectal cerebral evoked potentials in human.

Reproducible cerebral evoked responses have been recorded from the vertex in two men and one woman to endorectal electrical stimulation. The first component had a 36 ms latency for the woman, and an average latency of 90 ms for the men.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hemodynamic effects of a new iso-osmotic contrast medium in selective left ventriculography].

To evaluate the myocardial hemodynamic effects of a new iso-osmotic contrast agent (Hexabrix 160: H 16) a randomized cross-over study was performed comparing Hexabrix 160 with Sodium Meglumine diatrizoate (Radioselectan 76: R 76) in 20 patients with ischemic heart disease. H 16 produced substantially smaller (p less than 0.001) increases in heart rate (68 +/- 11 to 73 +/- 12) than R 76 (69 +/- 12 to 88 +/- 15) and smaller decreases in left systolic ventricular pressure (131 +/- 15 to 128 +/- mmHg) than R 76 (132 +/- 14 to 94 +/- 15 mmHg). Both contrast media resulted in an increase in contractility beginning three to five seconds after the onset of the injection and reached its maximum at 45 seconds. However the increases in contractility was smaller with H 16 than R 76: H 16 caused a significantly smaller (p less than 0.01) increases in V max. (0.1 CIRC/s) than R 76 (0.35 CIR/s). The hemodynamic effects of H 16 were probably in relation with the Frank-starling mechanism. The lowest variation of preload observed (left ventricle end-diastolic pressure: 12 +/- 4 to 14 +/- 5 mmHg) showed that this contrast medium appeared to behave like isotonic serum. These results suggest that H 16 may preferable for digital left ventriculography.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

[A simple method for measuring anteversion of the acetabulum from a frontal radiograph of the hip].

A simple, reproducible and reliable method is proposed for measurement of cotyloid version. Using a standing frontal image of hip, the cotyloid borders are identified and a single-plane geometric projection determines the precise degree of version. This study can also be made from a conventional frontal pelvic image with bipodalic weight bearing. Knowledge of spatial orientation allows a better approach to head-cotyle biomechanical phenomena and thus improved understanding of the genesis of certain hip diseases.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1986

Physiologic study of the terminal digestive tract in chronic painful constipation.

A manometric study of the sigmoid colon and of the anorectum was undertaken in 65 chronically constipated patients complaining of abdominal pain, and in a control group of 23 healthy volunteers. Rectal compliance was tested in both groups. The sigmoid motility study allowed for the segregation of the constipated patients into three groups: hypokinesia (12 cases), normokinesia (34 cases), hyperkinesia (19 cases). Rectal manometry showed anal hypertony in 24 patients, impaired rectal conscious sensitivity in 12 subjects, and normal functions in the remaining cases. The rectal compliance study disclosed a decreased compliance in 15 cases and increased compliance in 13 other patients. In 12 cases disordered sigmoid motility was the only abnormality; in 10 cases only a rectoanal abnormality was found. Most of the patients (52%) exhibited miscellaneous disorders. In contrast, all parameters were normal in nine subjects. No consistent pattern of motility disorders was thus demonstrated in this clinically homogeneous group of patients with chronic, painful, constipation.

Adult↗