Fatty acid composition of phospholipids in red blood cell membranes was studied in 32 severely head-injured or cerebral stroke patients receiving enteral nutrition for 3 weeks. During this study the effects of three diets differing only by their lipid composition were investigated. The daily energy intake of each patient amounted to 2950 kilocalories, of which the lipid fraction represented 45.7%. Diet A contained only soybean oil, diet B consisted of a 50% soybean oil and 50% medium-chain triglycerides mixture, and diet C was an emulsion of 50% soybean oil, 42.5% medium-chain triglycerides, and 7.5% black-currant seed oil. Our results showed no biochemical signs of fatty acid deficiency in red blood cell membranes for the patients at the beginning of the study, after a comparison with a control group of 20 healthy adults. Inhibition of delta 6-desaturase activity on linoleic acid (C18:2 omega 6) after diet A was suggested by an increase of linoleic acid without a corresponding increase of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (C20:3 omega 6). Replacing 50% of soybean oil by with medium-chain triglycerides (diet B) prevented this enzyme inhibition. Supply of black-currant seed oil rich in gamma-linolenic (C18:3 omega 6) and stearidonic (C18:4 omega 3) acids (diet C) induced significant increases of dihomo-gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic (C20:5 omega 3) acids, without influencing arachidonic acid (C20:4 omega 6) levels. This balance was evaluated through the ratio (C20:3 omega 6 + C20:5 omega 3)/C20:4 omega 6.

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of hyperlipemia after ingestion of various alimentary fats].

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Dietary Fats↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of prealbumin in the 1st and after the 12th day of life].

From a series of 129 neonates, well defined with regard to weight and gestational age, the authors established that serum concentration of prealbumin (PA) in an aseptic neonate depends on its gestational age on the first day of extrauterine life (p less than 0.001). Serum concentrations of PA are significantly different in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) neonates; this may be the consequence of insufficient materno-foetal transfers in the majority of SGA children. The study of the ratio maternal PA/neonatal PA at the time of delivery helps to establish the cause of SGA. On and after the 12th day of life, serum concentrations of PA are closely correlated with the usual data of anthropometry (weight, height, skull circumference) (p less than 0.001), when correlation is less close with gestational age at the time of sample taking: it may be used as a marker of the appropriateness of gestational age rather than of maturity. However, the ratio PA/weight varies from one child to another and from one week to another for a same child, giving PA a value different from ordinary anthropometry for the evaluation of the appropriateness of gestational size in neonates.

Anthropometry↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of maternofetal transport by the determination of serum prealbumin in the mother and newborn infant].

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Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Memory clinics: role of day hospital].

The day hospital appears to be highly suitable for a memory clinic, not only as a complementary service, but also for teaching and clinical or epidemiologic research purposes. As regards diagnostic procedures, the possibility of doing tests and assessments in the same place and in a short time is a clear advantage for these often fragile patients. In the day hospital, clinical assessments can be coupled with the paraclinical tests required to make a diagnosis, with efficient technical resources on hand. Multidisciplinarity and close collaboration between the different specialists are the key elements in the diagnosis and long-term management of these patients, who also find the premises less worrisome than the hospital environment. The day hospital appears to be the ideal setting for monitoring and therapeutic management, being situated at the interface between hospital and community physicians.

Day Care, Medical↗