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Biomedical subjects

P Mathieu

Publications and source records attributed to P Mathieu.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Quantitative study of experimental osteoarthritic lesions in the rabbit. Value for the study of anti-osteoarthritis drugs].

Section of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee was performed in 20 rabbits which were sacrificed 3 months later. During that time, 10 animals were treated with a proteino-polysaccharide compound. The importance of cartilage destruction was evaluated by measuring the articular surfaces and the surface of the fissured areas using an automatic image analyzer; osteophytes were measured by a volumetric study. The percentage of the fissured areas appears to be without correlation with the osteophytosis, the increase of the water content or the decrease of glycosaminoglycans following the procedure. In animals which were treated, the extent of the fissure is significantly reduced but the biochemical and histometric modifications are not too different from those of the reference group.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Compressive pericardial effusion after heart surgery in the adult. Contribution of bidimensional echocardiographic findings].

In series of 1450 consecutive cardiopulmonary bypasses for cardiac surgery in adults, we observed 20 cases of post-operative compressive pericardial effusion. The effusion occurred some time after the thoracic drains were removed and had to be evacuated. Two-dimensional echocardiography proved essential to the diagnosis : it easily detected the lesion even when clinical symptoms were misleading but above all, it demonstrated, in our series, that the classical post-operative "tamponade" is a specific entity consecutive to posterior, circumscribed, small volume effusions which mainly compress the left cardiac cavities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lipid peroxidation and alpha-tocopherol during an acute respiratory failure after near drowning.

We compare two patients admitted after near drowning. Both presented a severe metabolic acidosis, but only one of them developed an acute pulmonary edema with hypoxemia. An increase of lipid peroxides associated with a reduction of vitamin E concentration has been observed in this later patient. Lipid peroxidation, one of the important causes of disruption of cellular membranes after some injuries, could be implicated in the pathogenesis of lung edema in this patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Surgery of the left coronary trunk by the transpulmonary approach. 10 cases].

The most common lesions of the left main coronary artery are atheromatous lesions (1% of all "coronary patients") but traumatic lesions may occur during coronary arteriography or percutaneous coronary angioplasty. To these must be added severe infectious lesions of the aortic annulus in acute endocarditis affecting the valve or a valvular prosthesis. The 10 cases reported here (4 atheromatous, 1 traumatic and 5 infectious lesions) were treated by transpulmonary repair surgery of the left main vessel. The operations performed were endarterectomy alone (2 cases) or associated with venous graft (2 cases), resection and venous graft (1 case) and suprasigmoidal prosthetic reimplantation (5 cases). There were two early post-operative deaths (one due to major hypocoagulation with secondary hypoxia and one from irreversible cardiogenic shock); another patient died of a ruptured intracerebral mycotic aneurysm 2 months after the operation. The 7 remaining patients have been asymptomatic for 1 year, and angiographies performed on 4 occasions since surgery have given "satisfactory results". The transpulmonary route gives direct access to the left main coronary artery and facilitates a reconstructive surgery adapted to the lesions encountered.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Socio-professional rehabilitation after transluminal coronary angioplasty].

Between April 1980 and October 1982, 109 patients underwent attempted transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) with a primary success rate of 71,6% (78 patients). Two patients died of complications of TCA and another one died suddenly 3 months after TCA. The socio-professional rehabilitation of the 106 survivors was studied by questionnaire to which 98 subjects (81 men, 17 women; average age 50,2 +/- 9,2 years) replied. Seventy seven patients were working before their coronary disease and 73 (62 men, 11 women; average age 46,4 +/- 9,1 years) replied to the questionnaire (95%). This constituted the study group, the socio-professional outcome or which was compared to that of 37 active patients who underwent single aorto-coronary bypass surgery during the same period. After TCA, 53 patients (73% returned to work, 48 as full time workers, after an average convalescent period of 4 months. Professional rehabilitation depended mainly on the initial result of TCA: 85% after primary success; 40% after failure (p less than 0,001); in the latter case, the rate of return to work improved if the patients had surgery (58%) rather than medical therapy (125%). Similarly, the average age of re-employed patients was lower (46,1 +/- 7,9 years, compared to 49,3 +/- 6,8 years, p less than 0,05). Finally, the patients returning to work usually claimed to be in good or very good health (72% compared to 30% p less than 001). After single aorto-coronary bypass, only 14 patients (38%) returned to work, 8 full-time, after an average 7 months' convalescence. The duration off work before surgery was related to the incidence of re-employment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Assay of urinary homovanillic acid by gas phase chromatography with a capillary tube].

A sensitive and specific method for the determination of urinary homovanillic acid by gas chromatography with a capillary silica fused flexible column, WCOT, SE 30 phase, is described. Homovanillyl alcohol is used as internal standard. OH and COOH functions are derivatized in a one step reaction with the mixture heptafluorobutyric anhydride - trifluoroethanol (4:1). A linear response of the detector (FID) is obtained with injected amounts of HVA ranging from 0 to more than 1000 ng (standard injected = 400 ng). The smallest detectable level of HVA is about 1 ng, corresponding to urinary levels near 0.1 mg/24 h, or 0.5 micromole/24 h. Correlations between this method and a fluorimetric determination of HVA are studied. Usual values in normal subjects are given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Early coronary spasm after myocardial revascularization surgery].

Six cases of early post-operative coronary artery spasm were observed in a series of 460 consecutive patients who underwent myocardial revascularization. This is a rare accident, only quite recently described. The spasm involves the coronary arterial network or the graft and is reflected in an elevated ST segment accompanied by collapse and ventricular dysrhythmia. The condition may be lethal or may result in myocardial infarction. Treatment consists of calcium inhibitors. The cause of the spasm is unknown, but it seems to be encouraged by trauma of the coronary arteries during surgery and by metabolic changes (production of thromboxane A2) induced by the cardio-pulmonary bypass. This particular spasm must be watched by heart surgeons and their team in order to avoid some deaths and peroperative necroses, as it appears that we are only confronted with its more severe forms.

Coronary Vasospasm↗
PubMed1983

[Natural development of old heart valve disease].

The authors report the natural history of 36 patients with end-stage valvular disease defined by the presence of a functional stage IV and/or a 0.60 and/or dilatation of the LA 90 mm and/or dilatation of the LV 70 mm and/or increase in the systolic PAP 80 mmHg and/or a decrease in the EF of 0.45. 11 patients are alive with a mean survival of 36.8 months (30.5%) and 25 have died after a mean interval of 7.8 months. The prognosis is very poor for aortic valvular disease (14 deaths out of 16 cases), but there were only 3 deaths out of 10 patients with isolated mitral valve disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Contribution of surgery in advanced valvular diseases].

Technical advances and progress in resuscitation over the last ten years have led to an appreciable improvement in the surgical results of valve replacements. However, it appears that the decision to operate is sometimes difficult in cases of advanced valvular disease. A study of the literature and our own experience lead us believe that despite a significant peri-operative mortality, surgical treatment remains the best form of treatment for these types of valvular disease, whether aortic, mitral or multivalvular. Surgery ensures a longer survival of better quality than does medical treatment. A better understanding of the natural history of valvular disease should enable us to refer those patients to surgeons who will benefit most from a valve replacement.

Heart Valve Diseases↗
PubMed1983

[Criteria of operability for advanced valvular diseases].

Despite the advances made in cardiac surgery, there are still some cases of valvular disease which remain inoperable, i.e. patients who present an operative risk which is too high in relation to the natural history of the disease. A study of the literature does not enable us to define objective clinical or investigational parameters of inoperability, but only factors of poor prognosis. Although there does not appear to be any cardiac contra-indications to valve replacement in cases of advanced valvular disease, the authors stress the importance of the patients general condition which determines the post-operative prognosis and the need for a better definition of the criteria of poor prognosis so that surgery can be performed before it is too late.

Echocardiography↗