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Biomedical subjects

P M Paulman

Publications and source records attributed to P M Paulman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The effect of a rural family practice preceptorship on medical students' residency selection.

OBJECTIVE: We suspected our senior medical student rural family practice preceptorship was a positive influence on students' selection of family practice as a specialty. METHODS: A five-year study of 598 students' specialty choices before and after their preceptorship was done and compared to eventual residency choice. RESULTS: Of these students, 565 (94.5%) appeared to be uninfluenced by the preceptorship. Of the 33 students who reported a change in residency choice after completing the rural preceptorship, 15 (2.5%) chose a family practice residency. CONCLUSIONS: The rural preceptorship was found to have a positive influence on students' choice of family practice residency positions.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1991

RJR Nabisco's cartoon camel promotes camel cigarettes to children.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if RJR Nabisco's cartoon-theme advertising is more effective in promoting Camel cigarettes to children or to adults. To determine if children see, remember, and are influenced by cigarette advertising. DESIGN: Use of four standard marketing measures to compare the effects of Camel's Old Joe cartoon advertising on children and adults. SUBJECTS: High school students, grades 9 through 12, from five regions of the United States, and adults, aged 21 years and over, from Massachusetts. OUTCOME MEASURES: Recognition of Camel's Old Joe cartoon character, product and brand name recall, brand preference, appeal of advertising themes. RESULTS: Children were more likely to report prior exposure to the Old Joe cartoon character (97.7% vs 72.2%; P less than .0001). Children were better able to identify the type of product being advertised (97.5% vs 67.0%; P less than .0001) and the the Camel cigarette brand name (93.6% vs 57.7%; P less than .0001). Children also found the Camel cigarette advertisements more appealing (P less than .0001). Camel's share of the illegal children's cigarette market segment has increased from 0.5% to 32.8%, representing sales estimated at $476 million per year. CONCLUSION: Old Joe Camel cartoon advertisements are far more successful at marketing Camel cigarettes to children than to adults. This finding is consistent with tobacco industry documents that indicate that a major function of tobacco advertising is to promote and maintain tobacco addiction among children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pseudocyesis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bone marrow sampling.

Bone marrow sampling may be indicated in the evaluation of iron metabolism, fever of unknown origin, anemia, leukocytosis and other hematologic abnormalities. The commonly accepted means of marrow sampling are needle aspiration and needle biopsy. The preferred site for obtaining the sample is the iliac crest. Contraindications to the procedure include infection or previous radiation therapy at the sample site, poor patient cooperation and major coagulation defects. The assistance of a skilled technician, use of a prepackaged tray, thorough patient education, use of local anesthesia and attention to aseptic technique help simplify bone marrow sampling.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1989

Hypernatremia in the elderly.

Hypernatremia is common in elderly persons, who may present with signs that are easily overlooked. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy can sometimes lead to a remarkable recovery. To avoid cerebral edema, rehydration must be accomplished gradually over 48 to 72 hours. The recommended replacement for the first 24 hours is approximately 30 percent of the estimated water loss.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Subclavian steal syndrome.

Subclavian steal syndrome is caused by proximal subclavian occlusion with retrograde filling of the subclavian artery via the vertebral artery. This syndrome is characterized by symptoms due to decreased cerebral blood flow and decreased blood flow to the arm and hand. It is twice as common in men as in women. Diagnosis is confirmed with angiography. Medical management is of limited value. Surgery is the treatment of choice for the symptomatic patient.

Aged↗