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Biomedical subjects

P Lenner

Publications and source records attributed to P Lenner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The excess mortality rate. A useful concept in cancer epidemiology.

Death cause registers and cancer incidence registers are often used to elucidate progress (or lack of progress) in the battle against cancer. Trends in the age-adjusted mortality rate of cancer or of specific cancer types may thus mirror the overall effect of anticancer interventions (prevention, early diagnostics, treatment), but are often influenced by changes in the death cause diagnostics or in the coding routines at the registers. Relative survival rate (or its inversion, relative mortality rate) is sometimes used in order to elucidate improvement due to treatment. It is independent of the death cause diagnoses but often seriously influenced by changes in diagnostics of incident cancer; earlier diagnosis and increased detection of non-fatal cases may thus give an improved relative survival rate, quite unrelated to any improvement in the treatment. In the present paper the excess mortality rate is introduced as a measure which can give additional information concerning effects of anticancer interventions. In contrast to age-adjusted mortality rate it is not dependent on death cause diagnoses or coding routines, and in contrast to relative survival it is independent of the rate of non-fatal incident cancer cases.

Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangement in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas--correlation with kappa:lambda analysis and clinical features.

41 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were analysed to determine occurrence of B-cell monoclonality in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using two different methods: determination of kappa:lambda ratio by light microscopic immunofluorescence, and heavy-chain gene rearrangement by DNA-technique. In 21 patients (51%) clonal heavy-chain rearrangement was found in blood, whilst 18 of the patients (44%) showed and abnormal kappa:lambda ratio. Discordant results between the methods were observed in 5 cases. Clones with gene rearrangements suggesting blood involvement were found in 16/25 (64%) patients with low grade lymphomas, in 5/16 (31%) patients with high grade lymphoma, in 17/21 (81%) patients with bone marrow involvement, in 20/27 (74%) of stage III-IV lymphomas and in all of the 14 patients with a high lymphocyte count (greater than or equal to 5.0 X 10(9]. The conclusion was that clonal analysis by the DNA-technique is a more sensitive method than the kappa:lambda determination using immunofluorescence. Even though the method is time-consuming, it could prove to be valuable in selected cases.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1989

Fraction of S-phase cells in blood mononuclear cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas--correlation with clinical features and prognosis.

A consecutive material of 111 untreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was studied with respect to fraction of S-phase cells in blood mononuclear cells in relation to presence of monoclonal B cells in blood (MBCB). Fraction of S-phase cells was determined by flow cytometry and estimation of MBCB was performed by kappa:lambda analysis. The fraction of S-phase cells was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in MBCB-positive cases (median 1.2%) than in the MBCB-negative (median 0.7%). MBCB-positive patients with S-phase values greater than or equal to 1.5% had a less favourable prognosis compared to those with less than 1.5% cells in S-phase (p = 0.01). In a Cox multiparameter analysis, advanced clinical stage, high-grade morphology and high fraction of S-phase cells in blood in MBCB-positive cases were independent, statistically significant, negative prognostic indicators. The results indicate that an elevated S-phase value in blood in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma constitutes a negative prognostic factor, probably reflecting proliferating tumour cells in blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal B-cells in blood in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Correlation with clinical features and prognoses.

Presence of monoclonal B-cells in peripheral blood (MBCB) was studied in 132 previously untreated patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma classified according to the Kiel classification. Detection of B-cells was performed by immunofluorescence microscopy, using antibodies against immunoglobulin light chains. Thirty-six patients (27%) were found to have MBCB. In the subgroup of low grade lymphomas 25/75 (33%) and in high grade lymphomas, 11/57 (19%) had MBCB. Presence of MBCB was correlated to clinical stage and 81% of the patients with MBCB were in stage IV. Twenty-two out of 36 (61%) patients with MBCB had normal lymphocyte counts (less than 5.0 X 10(9]. MBCB indicated a less favourable prognosis, mainly due to the close association with stage IV. It was concluded that studies of MBCB by this simple method are useful in detecting 'subclinical' blood involvement and valuable in the initial staging procedure as well as in the follow-up of the patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors including fraction of S-phase cells.

In a material of 80 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma a multivariate analysis was carried out taking the following variables into account: Age, clinical stage, B-symptoms, morphologic diagnosis and fraction of S-phase cells in the tumour determined by flow cytometry. Clinical stage, proportion of cells in the S-phase, and age of the patient were significant independent prognostic factors. Morphologic malignancy grade and B-symptoms were not significant parameters in this analysis. It was concluded that DNA analysis with determination of the fraction of S-phase cells is a valuable complement to morphology in the evaluation of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In combination with the clinical stage it gives very good discrimination into groups with different prognoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mitoxantrone in the treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Thirty-five patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who had relapsed from or failed prior cytotoxic regimens including doxorubicin, received mitoxantrone at a dose of 14 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks. According to the working formulation, 18, 15, and two patients had low-, intermediate-, and high-grade malignancy, respectively. Thirty-four patients were evaluable for response and all were evaluable for drug toxicity. Three patients achieved complete response, 12 achieved partial response, eight had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease. The overall objective response rate was 43% (95% confidence limits, 25%-61%) for all patients. The response durations ranged from 7 to 11+ months. Time to treatment failure was 4.5 months (range, 1-10+). The response achieved were clustered in patients with low-grade malignancy. There was a partial response in a patient who had relapsed from prior anthracyclines. A total of 155 cycles of mitoxantrone therapy were given. The median number of courses per patient was four (range, one to ten). Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting factor. Most nonhematologic toxic effects were mild. The data indicate that mitoxantrone is effective in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with acceptable toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal B cells in peripheral blood in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Correlation with clinical features and DNA content.

Peripheral blood from 69 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was examined with respect to B and T cell markers. Evidence for monoclonal B cell was found in 29 cases, 8 of 'high grade' and 21 of 'low grade' malignancy according to the Kiel classification. 17 out of the 29 patients had a normal lymphocyte count. Using conventional staging methods 4 cases of the 29 were in stages II and III, all others in stage IV. The proportion of S-phase cells in peripheral blood, determined by flow cytometry, was found to be elevated in cases with a monoclonal cell population. It is concluded that surface marker analysis of blood cells may be valuable as a diagnostic tool, as an indicator of prognosis and perhaps for the staging procedure of malignant lymphomas.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1983

Patient with B-cell neoplasia (immunoblastic sarcoma) and the Philadelphia chromosome.

Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells with a standard translocation (9;22) were found in bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (immunoblastic sarcoma) in the final leukemic phase. The neoplastic clone was of monoclonal B-cell character with surface Ig (mu, kappa) and mouse red blood cell receptors. This is the first case with surface Ig and t(9;22) cells reported without evidence of chronic myeloid leukemia. Also, additional consistent chromosome aberrations were found.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

The impact of growth pattern on survival in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas classified according to Lukes and Collins.

203 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas assigned as follicle centre cell (FCC) type according to the classification of Lukes and Collins (1975) were analyzed according to growth pattern. Nodular cases had a better prognosis than diffuse ones even within a certain cell type. The abundance of parafollicular lymphocytes was a better criterium of nodularity than prominence of venules. Degrees of nodularity was best scored according to distribution of diffuse and nodular areas. Prognosis was better with a higher degree of nodular growth even within a certain cytological cell type. Therefore it is proposed that scoring according to different degrees of nodularity has a high prognostic impact and could be an alternative to scoring according to cell type within the group of follicle centre cell lymphomas.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Malignant lymphoma and exposure to chemicals, especially organic solvents, chlorophenols and phenoxy acids: a case-control study.

A number of men with malignant lymphoma of the histiocytic type and previous exposure to phenoxy acids or chlorophenols were observed and reported in 1979. A matched case-control study has therefore been performed with cases of malignant lymphoma (Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma). This study included 169 cases and 338 controls. The results indicate that exposure to phenoxy acids, chlorophenols, and organic solvents may be a causative factor in malignant lymphoma. Combined exposure of these chemicals seemed to increase the risk. Exposure to various other agents was not obviously different in cases and in controls.

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed1981

Clinico-pathologic correlation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. IV. Analysis of patients with clinically localized disease.

A retrospective analysis of 140 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in clinical stage I or II classified according to a modified LUKES & COLLINS scheme was performed. Three major groups were found according to cell type, with different clinical features: (1) Small cell lymphomas with a relatively favourable survival in spite of high relapse rates. (2) Large cell lymphomas with lower relapse rates, but short time between relapse and death, and unfavourable survival. (3) Mixed small/large cleaved follicular centre cell lymphoma which was most favourable with respect to relapse and survival. Nodular lymphoma had the same overall relapse rate as diffuse lymphoma, but had a significantly longer survival. Tumours stage I were associated with significantly longer relapse-free survival and survival than stage II. The importance of separating the majority of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas into three main groups according to cell type is emphasized. These major groups require different clinical approaches in terms of staging and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Discriminative value of isozymes of amino acid naphthylamidase in the diagnosis of myeloid leukemias.

Isozymes of amino acid naphthylamidase (called B and C) with deviating electrophoretic mobilities were found in peripheral blood leukocytes of 25 out 25 untreated acute and chronic myeloid leukemias (AML and CML) and in 2 out of 2 cases of idiopathic myelofibrosis, while a normal pattern was found in 3 control groups and 5 cases of polycythemia vera. In the AML group, a correlation between electrophoretic mobility and the number of blast cells was found, and on remission, the B isozyme mobility was nearly normalized. Thus, deviating electrophoretic mobility of the B isozyme seemed to be valuable for diagnosis of myeloid leukemias, and in the AML group, the change in mobility might indicate the size of the leukemic clone.

Adult↗