[Secondary radial paralysis due to inclusion in an exuberant callus after fracture of the humeral diaphysis].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
P Leclerc
Publications and source records attributed to P Leclerc.
[Thoracic manifestations of rib fractures].
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Hemothorax↗
[Isoenzyme BB of creatine phosphokinase: its place in pulmonary pathology (author's transl)].
From the sera or pleural effusions of 29 patients among 58 suffering of bronchopulmonary cancer we found a CK BB isoenzyme (CK EC 2.7.3.2). There is no false positive in sera of our group control. Lung homogenates and alveolar macrophages are found to be rich with this fraction. Is this isoenzyme a cancer marker for the broncho-pulmonary tract?
Animals↗
[Infective pneumopathies of immunosuppression].
Advances in the therapy of tumors or for the maintenance of grafts have improved survival in a large number of patients, but at the price of repeated complications due to the induced immunodeficiency state. Pulmonary infections are a frequent occurrence, and while some are easily recognized and treated, others must be precisely diagnosed, as only early specific treatment can avoid the often fatal outcome. Various techniques have therefore been developed to obtain specimens for microorganism isolation before having ultimate recourse to a surgical lung biopsy. It is in this field that the most marked progress is currently being made. The different microorganisms responsible for these affections are reviewed, the majority being common to the immunodeficiency state, while others are encountered more frequently as a function of the underlying disorder and of the ecological conditions in each centre.
Aspergillosis↗
[Pneumopathies caused by opportunistic germs].
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Bacterial Infections↗
Increased risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis.
Combining cyclophosphamide (Cy) and corticosteroids has dramatically improved the prognosis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). But this treatment carries the risks of severe infectious complications and drug toxicity. During a 10-month period, we observed 6 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 23 patients with biopsy-proven WG and renal involvement. These 23 patients were enrolled in a multicenter controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of either intermittent high-dose pulse Cy or daily oral low-dose Cy in combination with oral prednisone. Mean delay of onset of PCP was 2.5 months after the beginning of the immunosuppressive therapy. In all cases, the diagnosis of PCP was established by cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. None of the patients experienced severe leukopenia at the time of diagnosis, but the mean lymphocyte count decreased to 495/mm3 (range 100 to 830/mm3) and 2 patients had inverted CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios. Renal function was significantly impaired (creatininemia = 493.5 vs 195.4 micromol/l; p = 0.03) in the 6 patients presenting PCP vs those without. High-dose co-trimoxazole therapy was successful in 3 patients, but 3 others who required mechanical ventilation died. Treatment of WG with daily prednisone and either pulse or oral Cy may have contributed to higher rates of PCP in the past than previously thought and, therefore, patients currently receiving such a regimen may be at greater risk for PCP. For these patients, this opportunistic infection must remain highly suspect in order to reach a diagnosis earlier and rapidly initiate treatment. In addition, recommendations for prophylactic therapy are needed.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
Interaction between Ca2+, cyclic 3',5' adenosine monophosphate, the superoxide anion, and tyrosine phosphorylation pathways in the regulation of human sperm capacitation.
In order to fertilize the egg, spermatozoa must go through the capacitation process where they experience Ca2+ uptake, increases in cyclic 3',5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations, superoxide anion production, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Although the importance of these processes has been described, the interactions between them, as well as the temporal sequence of these events, remain to be demonstrated. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation of p105 and p81 (p105/81), the two major human sperm phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, was under cAMP and oxygen derivatives regulation. In the present study, we investigated the importance of intra- and extracellular Ca2+, as well as the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and the phosphatase inhibitors calyculin A and okadaic acid, in the production of superoxide anion and p105/81 tyrosine phosphorylation. An increase in p105/81 phosphotyrosine content was observed when spermatozoa were incubated in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ or with the calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonamide. However, the human sperm capacitation inducer FCSu (ultrafiltrate of fetal cord serum) requires the presence of the extracellular Ca2+ to induce capacitation, superoxide anion production, and tyrosine phosphorylation of p105/ 81, whereas free intracellular Ca2+ had no effect on these last two processes. The production of superoxide anion by spermatozoa was stimulated by inhibitors of phosphodiesterases and serine/threonine phosphoprotein phosphatases. The tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate decreased by 40% the FCSu-stimulated superoxide anion production, although it had no effect when used alone. These results suggest that, during sperm capacitation, Ca2+ induces an elevation in cAMP levels; this cAMP, through undefined serine/threonine protein phosphorylation, stimulates the generation of superoxide anion, which, in turn, causes the increase in p105/81 phosphotyrosine contents.
Analysis of Variance↗