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Biomedical subjects

P Lanning

Publications and source records attributed to P Lanning.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Multicystic kidney. A clinical and histological study of 13 patients.

Multicystic kidney (MK) was diagnosed in 13 patients at the University Central Hospital of Oulu during the 9 year period 1970--78. In the district of the hospital the evaluated incidence of MK was 0.3 per 1000 live-born children. 12 of the patients were infants aged under one year. Two of these died soon after birth; one had severe extraurinary anomalies and the other had bilateral MK. The removal of MK was performed in ten cases. In ten operated and two autopsied patients the cystic dysplasia involved the kidney entirely. There was no discernible normal renal parenchyma and the ipsilateral ureter was always abnormal. On the opposite side one patient had a severe ureteric stenosis with hydronephrosis, and 4 patients had vesicoureteral reflux. Extraurinary anomalies were also common. Three patients had a significant cardiovascular abnormality. The accurate diagnosis could usually be obtained preoperatively. It was found that typical findings of physical examination, plain films, intravenous urography and B-mode ultrasound give sufficient information for accurate diagnosis to be made in most cases. Mictiocystography and endoscopy were required for associated urinary anomalies. Following the diagnosis, the removal of MK should be performed at the correct time, and also if asymptomatic, because these can become symptomatic later in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The radiological evaluation of children with hypertension.

The value of radiological examinations in hypertension was analyzed in a series of 44 children. An i.v. urography had been performed in 43 cases with a pathological finding in 19 (44%). Renal angiography, employed in 19 cases, revealed abnormal findings in 12 (63%) patients. Micturating urethrocystography performed in 16 children gave no additional important information. The only complication noted was thrombosis of the femoral artery subsequent to renal angiography in one child less than one year of age. The diagnosis of hypertension based mainly on the i.v. urography in 12 cases but the renal angiography gave additional important information in 6 children. One child with obstructive hydronephrosis was also found to have a renal artery stenosis at renal arteriography. Based on these results, and particularly because secondary hypertension may frequently be treated surgically, we consider extensive radiological investigation with renal angiography is mandatory before receiving a final diagnosis of essential hypertension, and before starting long-term treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Prediction of vesico-ureteral reflux in children from intravenous urography films.

Intravenous urography and voiding urethrocystography were performed on 255 children with urinary tract infection. Eighty-six (34%) of these children had some kind of abnormality of the urinary tract. Vesico-ureteral reflux was observed to 96 ureters (19%) in 69 children (27%). The prediction of vesico-ureteral reflux by two radiologists from urography films only gave 46 (48%) and 51 (53%) false negative results respectively. In cases of clinically important reflux (III--V degrees), however, the rate of false negative predictions was 0/18 and 1/18 (6%) respectively. The rate for false positive predictions were 45/413 (11%) for both radiologists. In view of the number of pathological findings in this series i.v. urography is recommended as a routine in children undergoing urological work-up after their first urinary tract infection. As the clinically important vesico-ureteral reflux seems to be predictable from urography films alone, voiding urethrocystography seems not to be justified in children with negative i.v. urography, and can be postponed and carried out later if the urinary tract infection recurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Venous drainage of the femoral neck in various stages of activity in Perthes' disease.

The venous drainage of the femoral neck in 73 children with Perthes' disease was analyzed from intraosseous venography films. 55 contralater symptomless hips were used as controls. In active stages of Perthes' disease, i.e. initial and fragmentation stage, the venous drainage was pathological in 46/55 hips (82%). In the restitution stage the finding was pathological in 7/18 (39%) and in healed Perthes' the venous drainage was normal in all six cases. Two out of the 55 symptomless hips showed pathological venous drainage. The disturbances in the venous drainage of the femoral neck seem to correlate with the stage of activity of Perthes' disease. Along with clinical and radiological signs of restitution the venous drainage seems to return to normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of ultrasound and roentgen examination of biliary tract.

The relative merits of gray-scale ultrasound and roentgen examinations of biliary tract diseases have been compared. Sonography was able to give a definite diagnosis in 74 of 95 roentgenologically unclear cases, and roentgen examination gave a diagnosis in 70 out of 105 cases unclear at sonography.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Lymphatic abnormalities in Noonan's syndrome.

Five boys who had Noonan's syndrome and lymphatic abnormalities are reported. The youngest boy had clinical lymphoedema and the other four showed dermal backflow after interdigital injection of Patent Blue indicating impairment of flow along the superficial lymphatics. One boy had severe bilateral chylothorax. The lymphographic findings in four of these boys are reported. Patients with the Noonan syndrome frequently have oedema of the hands and feet at birth, which decreases during the first years of life [10]. It has been demonstrated by lymphography that similar peripheral oedema in patients with the Turner's syndrome is due to lymphatic hypoplasia [1, 3]. We report certain lymphatic abnormalities diagnosed by lymphography in four out of five patients with Noonan's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

General lymphangiomatosis in a child.

The lymphographic findings in a 4 year old girl with general lymphangiomatosis are presented. The number of iliac and lumbar lymphatics had increased markedly and the lymph nodes were enlarged with very loose structure and with contrast medium distributed in scattered droplets and filiform channels.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Neonatal polycythemia and chest roentgenograms.

Chest roentgenograms of 34 newborns with a hematocrit of 75 or more at the age of 12 hours were studied. An analysis was made of the findings during the first four days of life and the results were compared with those of 18 newborns with a hematocrit of 65 or less. The cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) was found to be greater in the polycythemic infants than in the non-polycythemic infants, and greatest of all in infants with symptomatic polycythemia. Prominent pulmonary vascularity and pulmonary hyperaeration were seen more often in polycythemic newborns than in non-polycythemic infants. Eleven infants in the polycythemic group and three in the non-polycythemic group had some symptoms or signs.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonic features of the Osgood-Schlatter lesion.

Ultrasound was used to compare the knees of 10 boys and four girls with typical clinical Osgood-Schlatter lesions with 27 symptomless knees. The normal sonographic changes of the tibial tubercle with advancing age are described. In all children with Osgood-Schlatter lesions, the distal patellar tendon thickened and became more echogenic than normal tendons, and an anechoic zone of edema was seen anterior to the tibial tuberosity. Four knees disclosed a thin shell-like elevated fragment of the tibial tuberosity seen as an echogenic surface. In 12 knees, single or multiple fragments of the tibial tuberosity were easily shown. Ultrasound is proposed as a simple, fast, and reliable method for the diagnosis of the Osgood-Schlatter lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Operative realignment of patellar malalignment in children.

Realignment operations were performed on 57 knees to correct patellar malalignment in children between 1985 and 1991. Three different operative techniques were used: the lateral release, the lateral release and medial reefment, and the Roux-Goldthwait patellar tendon transposition. Roentgenographic values were measured before and after the operation by Laurin's method. The mean follow-up time was 4 years 2 months, after which 20 knees were excellent, 20 good, 11 fair, and six poor, according to Insall's criteria. The effect of the operation on pathological roentgenographic values was obvious, and the malalignment of the patella was in most cases corrected. There are differences in the improvement effected by these three techniques. The lateral release and medial reefment correct the patellar tilt most effectively, and the Roux-Goldthwait operation, the lateral patellar deviation. The lateral release seems to be the appropriate technique for mild malalignment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic diagnosis of bile duct cysts. Retrospective analysis of thirteen cases.

Twelve patients and a foetus with congenital bile duct cysts suggested in the majority of cases at routine upper abdominal sonography were examined by two or more of the following investigations: ultrasonography (10 patients), computed tomography (5 patients), CT-cholangiography (2 patients), oral cholecystography (7 patients), intravenous cholangiography (4 patients), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (6 patients) and cholescintigraphy (2 patients). The sensitivity of each investigation for the diagnosis of bile duct cysts was: ultrasound 40 per cent, computed tomography 20 per cent, CT-cholangiography 100 per cent, oral cholecystography 17 per cent, intravenous cholangiography 75 per cent, ERCP 83 per cent and cholescintigraphy 50 per cent. When a bile duct cyst has been suggested by ultrasonography or other examinations, without a conclusive diagnosis being made, CT-cholangiography is recommended as the next examination. In patients with impaired biliary excretion of contrast medium, ERCP may be required to achieve the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗