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Biomedical subjects

P Krueger

Publications and source records attributed to P Krueger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Studies regarding a new contrast medium for demonstrating the patency of bile ducts (author's transl)].

The contrast medium Endomirabil was tested in 103 patients. It produced few side-effects when 20 ml was injected pro examination over a 5 minute period. The rate of visable heterotopic contrast medium elimination is very low. The optimal time for making an x-ray to demonstrate bile ducts and gall bladder is 60-90 minutes after the injection. As a result, the number of x-ray films pro examination can be reduced. The unusually long filling of the bile ducts makes it possible to use tomography up to 90 minutes after the injection. This should be advantageous for radiological departments with limited capacity for tomography. Parenchymal damages induced by contrast medium could not be reduced from the chemical analyses.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Reduction of apparatus deadspace in pediatric anaesthesia (author's transl)].

The size of inhalation equipment deadspace in infant anaesthesia is of critical importance. While endotracheal intubation reduces anatomical deadspace, the added deadspace of the tube connector tends to increase the overall deadspace by 6 to 10 ml. In order to ensure optimal gas exchange at minimal respiratory effort a new tube was designed which separates inspiratory gas down to the level of the vocal cords and maintains rapid gas flow by a Venturi injector. In controlled air ventilation this tube improves arterial pO2 by 15% and reduces tidal-volume 35% compared to Magill tubes of equal size.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing reproducibility of data obtained with instruments based on continuous measurements.

Data obtained with any research tool must be reproducible, a concept referred to as reliability. Three techniques are often used to evaluate reliability of tools using continuous data in aging research: intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Pearson correlations, and paired t tests. These are often construed as equivalent when applied to reliability. This is not correct, and may lead researchers to select instruments based on statistics that may not reflect actual reliability. The purpose of this paper is to compare the reliability estimates produced by these three techniques and determine the preferable technique. A hypothetical dataset was produced to evaluate the reliability estimates obtained with ICC, Pearson correlations, and paired t tests in three different situations. For each situation two sets of 20 observations were created to simulate an intrarater or inter-rater paradigm, based on 20 participants with two observations per participant. Situations were designed to demonstrate good agreement, systematic bias, or substantial random measurement error. In the situation demonstrating good agreement, all three techniques supported the conclusion that the data were reliable. In the situation demonstrating systematic bias, the ICC and t test suggested the data were not reliable, whereas the Pearson correlation suggested high reliability despite the systematic discrepancy. In the situation representing substantial random measurement error where low reliability was expected, the ICC and Pearson coefficient accurately illustrated this. The t test suggested the data were reliable. The ICC is the preferred technique to measure reliability. Although there are some limitations associated with the use of this technique, they can be overcome.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monoclonal antibody identifies a distinctive epitope expressed by human multiple myeloma cells.

Employing a technology called differential immunization for antigen and antibody discovery (DIAAD), we aimed to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The fundamental principles of DIAAD rely on the induction of high zone tolerance to the "wild type" (normal) antigen. followed by immunization with the modified (diseased) antigen. Because chronic myelogenic leukemia (CML) cells are derived from a lineage closely related to MM, we immunized mice by contrasting a pool of MM cells with CML cells. Monoclonal antibody VAC69 reacted exclusively with MM cells, identifying a membrane molecule composed of a single-chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 78-120 kd. This antigen exhibited narrow tissue specificity and was not found on human cancers such as prostate, breast, or cervical carcinoma; leukemia; or lymphoma, nor was it seen on normal human peripheral lymphocytes or on Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell lines. By immunohistochemistry, mAb VAC69 showed no binding to antigens expressed on normal human ovary, breast, prostate, lung or colon tissue, nor did it bind to human breast or prostate cancer. Conversely, mAb VAC69 bound strongly to human MM, although showing only slight binding to histiocytes or inflamed cells in human lymph nodes and human tumors of the colon, lung, and ovary. Monoclonal antibody VAC69 also triggered cancer-specific cytotoxicity in vitro (in the presence of complement) as well as in vivo using a sever combined immunodeficiency model transplanted with human MM. Further studies showed the ability of mAb VAC69 to be specifically internalized by human MM cells, indicating its potential use for therapeutic intervention in MM by delivering drugs into cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breastfeeding outcomes of women following uncomplicated birth in Hamilton-Wentworth.

OBJECTIVE: To examine infant feeding practices up to 8 weeks postpartum in Hamilton-Wentworth. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 227 women using a pre-discharge, self-administered questionnaire, medical record review and follow-up telephone interview. RESULTS: Breastfeeding initiation rate was 85%. By 6-8 weeks postpartum, 30% of women had stopped breastfeeding; 55% had switched to formula within the first 14 days. Infants who did not receive supplementation in hospital were 2.49 times more likely than infants who received supplementation to breastfeed for at least 6 weeks. Although 54% of mothers who initiated breastfeeding reported receiving formula gift packs, no association was found. CONCLUSIONS: The breastfeeding initiation rate appears to have increased in Hamilton-Wentworth since 1995. However, this study reinforces the need to address early cessation and infant supplementation, and raises concern about violation of the WHO/UNICEF International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes through mailing of formula coupons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using the U.S. Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System's health related quality of life survey tool in a Canadian city.

As responsibility for health funding shifts from central to local governments, providers find themselves in decision-making roles or asked to give guidance in allocation of resources. To develop a picture of a population's health, data are needed about the effects that illness and disability have on a person's ability to function and thus on quality of life. This study assessed the validity in a Canadian city, of a Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) instrument developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and used in the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The HRQoL was administered to a random sample of 1,042 adults. The patterns of association among the HRQoL questions, and the direction of the relationships among independent variables and HRQoL were consistent with those hypothesized. The accumulating evidence for validity of the HRQoL support its use in monitoring the performance of local health initiatives in Canada.

Activities of Daily Living↗