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Biomedical subjects

P J Coloe

Publications and source records attributed to P J Coloe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Experimental reproduction of porcine proliferative enteritis.

A campylobacter-like bacterium, isolated from the terminal ileum of a pig with porcine proliferative enteritis (PPE), was used to initiate PPE in healthy crossbred pigs. Post-mortem examinations of pigs infected orally with the bacterium revealed thickening of the terminal ileum, haemorrhage within the ileum, degeneration of ileal villi and large quantities of bile and mucous in the ileal contents. Histopathological examination revealed that the terminal ileum, ileo-caecal valve and caecum from infected pigs had partial or total loss of mucous membrane, hyperplasia of the crypt and glandular epithelial cells, campylobacter-like organisms in and around the Peyers' patches and lymphoid aggregates in the mucosa. The causative organism was re-isolated from the intestinal specimens of infected animals post-mortem. In control animals, kept under the same conditions, no evidence of abnormality was observed in the terminal ileum, ileo-caecal valve or caecum.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Production of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the lipopolysaccharide of a Campylobacter-like organism.

A monoclonal antibody was produced to a Campylobacter-like organism (RMIT 32A) which was isolated from the terminal ileum of a pig with proliferative enteritis. Isotyping of the antibody revealed that it was an IgG2a with kappa light chains. Immunoblots using the antibody against proteinase-K-treated whole cell lysates of RMIT 32A, a selection of Campylobacter species and other enteric bacteria showed that the antibody was specific for RMIT 32A and was directed against the lipopolysaccharide. This antibody can be used for the specific detection of RMIT 32A.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Application and evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting for detection of antibodies to Treponema hyodysenteriae in swine.

An enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) has been developed to detect serum Immunoglobulin antibodies G and M to Treponema hyodysenteriae in vaccinated, experimentally infected and naturally infected swine. Naturally infected swine gave ELISA titres that were similar to experimentally infected swine, but were significantly less than the titres of vaccinated swine. When serum from naturally infected swine was used to probe nitrocellulose blots of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresed whole cell proteins of T. hyodysenteriae, the immunoblotting patterns showed IgG antibodies were produced against many T. hyodysenteriae protein antigens and against lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The IgG antibodies directed against LPS were serotype-specific for that LPS and could be used to identify the serotype involved in the T. hyodysenteriae infection in that herd. IgM immunoblots also reacted with the many protein antigens but were less specific for LPS antigen, with a substantial degree of cross-reaction between the LPS of all serotypes. The data demonstrate that a microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, coupled with immunoblotting, is a very specific and sensitive test for detection of antibody to Treponema hyodysenteriae in swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Biochemical and immunochemical characterisation of strains of Treponema hyodysenteriae.

The protein composition of 18 clinical isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae from pigs with swine dysentery in Australia were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblot analysis. Coomassie Blue stained SDS-PAGE-profiles of whole cell and outer membrane (OM) proteins demonstrated the same gel pattern among the T. hyodysenteriae isolates, particularly the OM proteins in the molecular mass (Mr) range of 30 kDa to 40 kDa. The T. hyodysenteriae isolates were categorised into two distinct groups (A and B) based on the strain-variability in the 37 kDa OM protein. Immunoblotting of whole cell proteins after SDS-PAGE using serum from rabbits and pigs immunised with known T. hyodysenteriae serotypes revealed a number of common immunoreactive bands in all isolates. LPS typing of the T. hyodysenteriae isolates by immunoblotting with the rabbit antiserum revealed one additional serotype emphasising the LPS heterogeneity among the strains isolated from geographic locations in Australia, Great Britain and the U.S.A. Immunoblotting of the OM preparations revealed several common immunoreactive polypeptides corresponding to Mr values of 34 kDa to 30 kDa among the T. hyodysenteriae and T. innocens isolates but a distinct 39 kDa found only in the T. hyodysenteriae isolates. Trypsin proteolysis of intact. T. hyodysenteriae cells caused selective loss of these and other major abundant proteins identifying the location of the 39 kDa, 36 kDa, 34 kDa and 30 kDa proteins on the cell surface and suggesting a possible role of these proteins in the pathogenesis of swine dysentery.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A specific DNA probe for the identification of Campylobacter jejuni.

A 6.1 kb DNA probe for the human enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni has been isolated from a genomic library constructed in the plasmid vector pBR322 in Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence used as a probe was identified from recombinant plasmids following immunological screening of transformants using polyclonal antisera to whole cells and to membrane antigens of C. jejuni. Restriction endonuclease fragment mapping of C. jejuni DNA inserts from three of the recombinant plasmids showed an overlapping DNA fragment. One of these recombinant plasmids, when used as a DNA probe in Southern hybridization, specifically hybridized with chromosomal DNA from all of the C. jejuni strains tested. Hybridization was not detected at high stringency between the DNA probe and chromosomal DNA from any other Campylobacter species tested except weakly with the chromosomal DNA of strains of Campylobacter coli. Hybridization was also not detected with chromosomal DNA from a range of other enteric bacteria likely to be encountered in faecal material. The intensity of hybridization with C. coli could be increased by reducing the stringency of hybridization.

Campylobacter fetus↗
PubMed1986

The cellular fatty acid composition of Campylobacter species isolated from cases of enteritis in man and animals.

The cellular fatty acid composition of 41 strains of suspected Campylobacter jejuni, 23 from human cases of gastroenteritis and 18 from animals, was examined by gas-liquid chromatography. Three of the 23 human isolates and 2 of 18 animal isolates did not contain 19:0 cyclopropane fatty acid and were identified as C. laridis. The remaining 36 strains had cellular fatty acid profiles consistent with C. jejuni but could be divided into three groups on the ratio of the concentration of 18:1 and 19:0 cycloproprane. Most human isolates (85%) were in groups II or III whereas most animal isolates (56%) were in group I. It is proposed that gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of cellular fatty acids is a relatively easy method for epidemiological typing of C. jejuni isolates.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The resistance to anti-microbial agents of bacteria isolated from pathological conditions of birds in Victoria, 1978 to 1983.

The resistance to anti-microbial agents of bacteria isolated from pathological conditions of birds in Victoria, 1978 to 1983, was determined for isolates of Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella multocida, P. anatipestifer, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Haemophilus paragallinarum. The isolates of E. coli had a high prevalence of resistance to tetracycline and sulphonamides, and a lower prevalence of resistance to furazolidone and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The isolates of Salmonella spp commonly had resistance to tetracycline, sulphonamides, furazolidone and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Almost half the isolates of S. aureus showed resistance to lincomysin and many showed resistance to penicillin. Resistance to tetracycline was found in isolates of P. multocida, P. anatepestifer and Y. pseudotuberculosis. Some isolates of H. paragallinarum showed resistance to sulphonamides, streptomycin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Development of the normal gastrointestinal microflora of specific pathogen-free chickens.

The development of the normal intestinal microflora of the small intestine, caecum and large intestine of specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, was studied in the period from hatching to 84 days of age. No bacteria were detected in any of the sites at hatchery (day 1), but by day 3 significant levels of faecal streptococci and coliforms were isolated from all sites. The flora of the small intestine was limited to faecal streptococci and coliforms for the first 40 days and then lactobacilli became established and dominated the flora. A large variety of facultative and strictly anaerobic organisms colonized the caecum. Many of these species were transient and were only present for a limited period; after 40 days the flora stabilized to consist predominantly of faecal streptococci, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides spp. and Lactobacillus sp. The flora of the large intestine was composed of organisms also present in the small intestine or the caecum. These findings differ from previously published studies on conventionally reared chickens in that the number of species isolated and the population levels of organisms are much lower. This probably reflects the absence of continuous environmental challenge to the chickens because of the housing and feeding facilities in which the chickens were maintained.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The distribution of specific phage types of Salmonella typhimurium in chickens in Australia.

The distribution of specific phage types of Salmonella typhimurium within the Australian chicken industry has been studied and documented on an Australia-wide and state-by-state basis. A total of 1799 strains of S. typhimurium were obtained from Australia-wide sources and phage typing categorized 1498 of these isolates into 30 distinct phage types, with the remaining 301 strains untypable. Five phage types, 6, 26, 31, 135 and 179, accounted for 76% of the total strains typed, with the remaining 24% of strains being distributed among 25 phage types. Of the major phage types, type 31 was restricted to Victoria and Western Australia, but the other types were distributed throughout Australia. In addition, the antibiotic resistance pattern of the various phage types was determined and only five of the 30 phage types showed appreciable levels of resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Differentiation of Brucella ovis from Brucella abortus by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of cellular fatty acids.

The cellular fatty acid composition of Brucella ovis and Brucella abortus strains was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Both species were characterized by the presence of fatty acids 16:0, 17:0, 17:0 cyclopropane, 18:0, 18:1, and 19:0 cyclopropane; B. ovis also contained some 15:0. There were differences in the relative proportions of the fatty acids present, and it was possible to differentiate B. ovis from B. abortus on the basis of the absence of 15:0, lower concentrations of 17:0 and 18:1, and higher concentrations of 19:0 cyclopropane in B. abortus. The data indicate that analysis of cellular fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography can be used for the identification of B. ovis and its differentiation from B. abortus.

Brucella↗
PubMed1983

Clostridium fallax as a cause of gas-oedema disease in a horse.

We record a fatal case of gas-oedema disease (malignant oedema) in a 5-year-old horse. The nature of the lesion is consistent with a gas-oedema type infection due to a Clostridium spp. The causative organism was isolated and identified by conventional biochemical tests and by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of its metabolic products as Clostridium fallax, but significant variations in the reported biochemical characteristics of Cl. fallax were detected. We believe that this is the first reported case of Cl. fallax infection in a horse.

Animals↗