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Biomedical subjects

P Isaacson

Publications and source records attributed to P Isaacson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Middle East lymphoma and alpha-chain disease. An immunohistochemical study.

An immunoperoxidase study of the small intestinal mucosa of three patients with alpha-chain disease showed heavy infiltration of the mucosa by plasma cells containing alpha-heavy chain and J-chain but no light chains. An additional band-like and nodular mucosal infiltrate was also present and consisted of cells showing no evidence of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin synthesis. The cells comprising this infiltrate invaded and destroyed intestinal crypts, and immunoperoxidase staining showed them to be sharply distinct from the alpha-chain-containing plasma cells. In two cases of Middle East lymphoma, immunohistochemistry revealed a normal plasma cell population in the lamina propria of the small intestine. These results show that alpha-chain disease can be diagnosed in routine paraffin sections which should permit clarification of its true incidence in Middle East lymphoma. The demonstration of sharp distinction between the two types of mucosal infiltrate in alpha-chain disease is in contrast to previous immunofluorescence results and enables more ready identification of mucosal changes that may be important in the management of the disease.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Serum lysozyme levels in malignant histiocytosis of the intestine.

Serum lysozyme levels were significantly raised in a group of eight patients with malabsorption associated with gastrointestinal lymphomas of a type recently characterised as malignant histiocytosis of the intestine. In four of the cases, levels were markedly raised. In contrast there was no significant difference between groups of patients with uncomplicated adult coeliac disease and healthy controls. The estimation of serum lysozyme is a simple test to perform and may be valuable in the diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis of the intestine, in particular differentiating it from uncomplicated adult coeliac disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Failure to demonstrate specificity of the morphological and histochemical changes in mucosa adjacent to colonic carcinoma (transitional mucosa).

Characteristic morphological and histochemical changes in mucosa adjacent to colorectal adenocarcinomas have been described. It has been suggested that this type of mucosa, labelled transitional mucosa (TM) because of its specific association with colorectal adenocarcinoma, is indicative of a premalignant change. In an investigation of mucosa adjacent to anal tumours extending into the rectum and mucosa from solitary ulcer syndrome and colostomies the mucosal alterations described in TM could be demonstrated. Thus TM is not specifically related to colorectal adenocarcinoma and probably arises as a secondary phenomenon. The claim that TM represents a premalignant change cannot be substantiated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Immunochemical demonstration of J chain: a marker of B-cell malignancy.

Many B-cell lymphomas can be shown to contain cytoplasmic immunoglobulin which is characteristically monotypic with respect to light chains. In Hodgkin's disease, however, the Reed-Sternberg cells have been shown to contain both immunoglobulin light chains. This finding, which is also present in some other lymphomas, has been used as evidence both for and against a B-cell derivation of these cells. J chain is present in normal immunoblasts irrespective of the class of immunoglobulin being synthesised and, thus, should be present in tumour cells that synthesise cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. In a series of lymphomas, in which the cells could be shown to contain immunoglobulin, J chain was present only in those tumours exhibiting a monotypic light chain staining pattern. J chain was not present in Reed-Sternberg cells and other cells staining polytypically for light chains. Demonstration of J chain is thus a useful marker for B-cell lymphomas; its absence in Reed-Sternberg cells indicates that the immunoglobulin in these cells is not synthesised by them and cannot be used as evidence for their derivation from B-cells.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Anomolous staining patterns in immunohistologic studies of malignant lymphoma.

A number of immunoperoxidase studies of malignant lymphomas have reported polytypic light chain staining of neoplastic cells, thus bringing into question the concept that the monoclonality of B cell lymphomas is reflected in their synthesis of monotypic light chain. In this study of a large number of Ig positive lymphomas, staining for a wide variety of antigens has identified clear differences between monotypic Ig synthesizing cells and cells staining polytypically which appear to be taking up Ig from the environment. Attention to the nature of Ig staining and staining for J chain were the two most useful criteria in differentiating Ig synthesis from uptake. The results confirm that malignant B cell lymphomas synthesise monotypic Ig.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Endoscopic duodenal biopsies in coeliac disease and duodenitis.

Endoscopic duodenal biopsies were taken from 27 patients with suspected coeliac disease and compared with intubation capsule jejunal biopsies. The specimens were reported without knowledge of the patients' names or symptoms. In 24 patients (89%), coeliac disease could either be diagnosed or excluded with 100% accuracy, despite the inability to orientate the biopsies correctly. Six biopsies were considered technically unsatisfactory, but only in three (11%) was it impossible to exclude coeliac disease. Duodenal biopsies were also taken from 118 consecutive patients attending for routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and 1 patient with coeliac disease was discovered. We conclude that endoscopic duodenal biopsies are a reliable and worthwhile screening test for coeliac disease in certain patients attending for routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1978

Intestinal lymphoma associated with malabsorption.

Of 18 patients with small-intestinal lymphoma associated with villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia of uninvolved mucosa, most presented with acute obstruction or perforation preceded by abdominal pain and weight-loss. Malabsorption, thought to be adult coeliac disease, preceded the diagnosis of lymphoma in 5 cases. The lymphomas were composed of malignant histiocytes and were classified on morphological grounds as malignant histiocytosis. Of particular interest was the finding by immunohistochemical techniques of all major immunoglobulin classes within malignant cells of single tumors. Characterisation of this group of lymphomas as a specific entity should help in the further understanding of the relationship of malabsorption and lymphoma and in the rationalisation of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Immunohistochemistry of carcinoembryonic antigen in the small intestine.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was demonstrated in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections of normal small intestine using an immunoperoxidase method. In all the sections studied the antigen was present over the surface of the villi, within goblet cells and lining the crypt lumens. At the electron microscopic level CEA was identified in mucin granules of goblet cells and in the glycocalyx but not intracytoplasmically. During the study cross-reactivity of antiCEA with Paneth cell granules, red blood cells and endothelium was observed. The shared antigenic determinants responsible for these immunological cross-reactions between CEA and other tissue glycoproteins were found to be carbohydrate in nature. Even when well controlled, misleading immunohistochemical results may be caused by immunological cross-reactions.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1978

Malignant histiocytosis of the intestine. Its relationship to malabsorption and ulcerative jejunitis.

The clinical and histopathologic features in seven patients with intestinal lymphoma are reported. Three of these presented with ulcerative jejunitis and four with overt lymphomas. A short history of abdominal pain with weight loss followed by intestinal obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation characterized all the patients except one in whom a nine year history of malabsorption preceded the acute phase of the disease. Malabsorption was demonstrated in four of the patients, and all showed villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia of the jejunum remote from areas of ulceration or frank lymphoma. The malignant lymphoma cells showed varying degrees of pleomorphism and exhibited phagocytosis of platelets, red cells, and cell debris. The accompanying infiltrate of inflammatory cells often overshadowed the neoplastic histiocytes, and in those cases showing little pleomorphism these cells could be easily overlooked. In the intestine the tumor cells were usually present as a diffuse infiltrate in the lamina propria or within the bases of ulcers and in five of seven cases did not give rise to macroscopic tumor masses. In all patients dissemination of tumor cells to the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow was evident, the infiltrate in all these organs resembling that seen in malignant histiocytosis. The morphology of the tumor cells, their phagocytic nature, the diffuse character of the tumor infiltrate, and the pattern of dissemination suggest that this lesion should be designated malignant histiocytosis of the intestine rather than histiocytic lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma). It is suggested that the tumor may arise from cells of monocyte-histiocyte lineage normally present in the lamina propria of the gut and that a prolonged cryptic phase accompanied, and often overshadowed, by an inflammatory reaction may give rise to malabsorption and ulcerative jejunitis before overt lymphoma is manifest.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Plasma cell granuloma of the stomach.

A case of plasma cell granuloma of the stomach is described, only one similar case having been previously recorded. Differentiation from a neoplastic plasmacytoma was achieved by demonstrating the polyclonal nature of the plasma cells using an immunoperoxidase technique.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1978

Age-related changes in the colonic blood supply: their relevance to ischaemic colitis.

Ischaemic colitis due to non-occlusive mesenteric ischaemia is a disease of the elderly which commonly involves the left side of the colon; selective splenic flexure involvement is said to be especially common. In an attempt to explain these features postmortem angiograms were performed on the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries of 37 postmortem subjects. A distinct age-related tortuosity of the long colic arteries was noted which could account for the increasing incidence of ischaemic colitis with age. No anatomical basis for the higher incidence of left-sided involvement was found and, specifically, no critical point in the arterial circulation at the splenic flexure was demonstrated.

Adolescent↗