Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Isaacson

Publications and source records attributed to P Isaacson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Toxic dilatation of colon in Crohn's disease.

12 cases of toxic dilatation of the colon in Crohn's disease were reviewed. In 11 this complication seemed to be the first manifestation of the disease and a considerable diagnostic delay may partly account for the strikingly high mortality (50%). On admission 83% had clinical features suggestive of Crohn's disease and 58% had experienced symptoms suggestive of preceding gastrointestinal disease. An iatrogenic precipitating factor was identifiable in all but the 1 patient with established disease and in 83% of cases antidiarrhoeals had been prescribed. Preoperative perforation occurred in 4 patients, 3 of whom had had a barium-enema examination, and thromboembolism was a common postoperative complication (50%). Fever, tachycardia, low serum calcium, and low serum albumin in a patient with diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and distension should alert the physician to the possibility of Crohn's disease even in the absence of preexisting symptoms. Sigmoidoscopy should be an early investigation with particular attention being paid to perianal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Follicular center cell lymphoma of childhood: a report of three cases and a discussion of its relationship to Burkitt's lymphoma.

Three children with follicular center cell lymphomas are reported. The tumors were studied by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and the immunoperoxidase technique. All three tumors contained monotypic immunoglobulin; one had the morphology of a 'signet ring cell lymphoma,' and one had arisen in a child with Bloom's syndrome. Two tumors exhibited a nodular or partly nodular growth pattern. The tumors were compared with African cases of Burkitt's lymphoma and found to have marked differences in their morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics. The authors believe that one should distinguish between Burkitt's lymphoma and follicular center cell lymphomas occurring in childhood.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1981

Crypt cell carcinoma of the appendix (so-called adenocarcinoid tumor).

A series of 16 carcinoid tumors of the appendix, including four examples of so-called adenocarcinoid tumors, has been studied immunohistochemically for the presence of lysozyme, secretory component (SC) and IgA, within tumor cells. Stains for mucin, Paneth cells, and APUD cells were also performed. Of the conventional carcinoid tumors, eight showed focal tubule formation with production of PAS-positive material. In contrast to conventional carcinoids, including those showing tubule formation, adenocarcinoids contained few APUD cells and showed positive staining of tumor cells for lysozyme, SC, and IgA. Paneth cells, staining positively for lysozyme, were present in two cases and mucin-containing Paneth cells were observed. A parallel study of normal small intestinal mucosa demonstrated a population of lysozyme containing goblet cells within the crypts. It is suggested that so-called adenocarcinoid tumors are not derived from APUD cells but from lysozyme-producing cells of the type normally present in small intestinal crypts.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Carcinoma of the oesophagus with spindle cell features.

There is considerable confusion surrounding the histogenesis and nomenclature of squamous cell carcinomas of the oesophagus with spindle cell elements. These tumours, many of which are polypoid, have been variously called carcinosarcoma, pseudosarcoma and polypoid carcinoma of the oesophagus. A study of three recent cases strongly supports the theory that these tumours are squamous cell carcinomas with spindle cell metaplasia. They are not necessarily polypoid and adenocarcinomatous elements may also be present.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Diffuse enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia and multiple gastric carcinoids: a complication of pernicious anaemia.

A man with long-standing pernicious anaemia developed multiple gastric carcinoid tumours with a background of diffuse enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia. There is evidence that enterochromaffin-like cells synthesis and store histamine and that their proliferation is stimulated by high serum gastrin levels. Gastric carcinoid tumours can be difficult to differentiate from the more common adenocarcinomas and may be a more frequent complication of pernicious anaemia than is currently recognised.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1981

Alpha-1-antitrypsin in human macrophages.

Preliminary studies have suggested that alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) is a useful immunohistochemical marker of histiocytes (monocytes/macrophages) and malignant tumours derived from them. To confirm the reliability of this marker a wide variety of benign and malignant lymphoreticular cells and tissues have been stained by the immunoperoxidase technique for A1AT and positive staining was found to be confined to histiocytes. Immunodiffusion, isotope labelling, and isoelectric focusing studies performed on cell lysates confirmed that the positive staining shown by monocytes and malignant histiocytes is due to the presence of A1AT identical with serum A1AT and that this material is synthesised by these cells rather than taken up from their environment. Positive immunoperoxidase staining for A1AT is thus a reliable marker of lymphoreticular neoplasms of true histiocytic origin.

Histiocytes↗
PubMed1981

A double-blind controlled trial of the effect of sodium cromoglycate in preventing relapse in ulcerative colitis.

A double-blind controlled trial of the effect of sodium cromoglycate (SCG) in preventing relapse in ulcerative colitis has been completed in 100 subjects. In patients already taking sulphasalazine, SCG did not prove to be of any additional benefit. However, in patients not on any other maintenance therapy, the relapse rate was 40% for SCG as compared with 75% for placebo. A large study of the effect of SCG in patients intolerant of sulphasalazine is indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Plasmacytoma of lymph nodes.

A case of primary plasmacytoma in a lymph node accompanied by IgG Kappa paraproteinemia is described. Eight months after the plasmacytoma's removal, the paraprotein was undetectable in the serum and the patient has remained well for a year. Abundant crystalline inclusions were present in the tumor and the immunoperoxidase technique was used to show that these consisted of monotypic immunoglobulin are were contained predominantly within macrophages. Reported cases of plasmacytoma in lymph nodes are reviewed and the natural history of this group of tumor is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Malignant histiocytosis of the intestine: the early histological lesion.

A histological study of peroral jejunal biopsies and resection specimens from patients with malignant histiocytosis of the intestine (MHI) has revealed characteristic lesions consisting of intramucosal histiocytic aggregations which invade surface and crypt epithelium. These lesions are found in 'uninvolved' jejunal mucosa in the presence of obvious tumour elsewhere and also in peroral jejunal biopsies many years earlier than the diagnosis of MHI. It is suggested that they represent the early lesion and their recognition in peroral jejunal biopsies could be important in improving the prognosis of the disease.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1980

The nature of the immunoglobulin-containing cells in malignant lymphoma: an immunoperoxidase study.

Using the immunoperoxidase technique, an attempt has been made to accurately characterize immunoglobulin (Ig)-containing cells in 185 cases of human malignant lymphoma. By applying a variety of antisera Ig synthesizing cells can be distinguished from cells taking up Ig from the environment. The use of thin (1 mu) paraffin sections has permitted detailed comparison to be made between Ig synthesizing cells of follicle center cell lymphomas and those of reactive follicle centers in human tonsils. Using cell pellets, similar comparison has been made with peripheral blood lymphocytes synthesizing Ig following stimulation with pokeweed mitogen. In follicle center cell lymphomas Ig synthesis is a function of cleaved and noncleaved follicle center cells, not plasma cells, and these cells are strikingly similar to Ig synthesizing cells normally present in nonneoplastic reactive follicle centers and the cells that synthesize Ig following pokeweed stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes. these results suggest pathways of B-cell maturation different from those commonly proposed and help to clarify certain inconsistencies in the classification of malignant lymphomas.

Histocytochemistry↗
PubMed1979

Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas: a classification of 66 cases.

Using routine histology, resin embedded sections and immunohistochemical techniques on formalin-fixed, paraffin processed tissue, 66 cases of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma have been classified. This study necessitated the development of reliable criteria to separate lymphomas of true histiocytic origin from those of lymphocytic origin. Among the morphologic properties of malignant histiocytes were complex pleomorphic nuclei, abundant well delineated cytoplasm and phagocytosis. These cells were shown to contain all major immunoglobulin chains, C3, lysozyme and in some cases alpha 1 antitrypsin. Malignant lymphomas derived from histiocytes could be divided into two groups: malignant histiocytosis of the intestine (MHI), a recently described diffuse pleomorphic lymphoma associated with villous atrophy of the small intestine, and histiocytic lymphoma (HL) which forms solid tumor masses in a similar manner to lymphocyte derived tumors. Immunohistochemical studies of lymphocyte derived tumors were negative apart from one case with plasmacytoid differentiation. Of the 66 cases, 50% were of histiocytic origin (33% MHI, 17% HL) and 41% of lymphocyte origin, there was one case of Hodgkin's disease and five cases were unclassified. The role of the histiocyte in gastrointestinal mucosa deserves further study.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Malignant histiocytosis of the intestine.

Four cases of malignant histiocytosis of the intestine (MHI) are described in detail, with emphasis on the clinical features and laboratory findings that may lead to a diagnosis. MHI is a rapidly progressive, usually fatal condition, which may occur in a setting of adult celiac disease or apparently spontaneously; all patients, however, have villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia of the jejunum. Characteristic symptoms are malaise, weight loss, abdominal pain, and diarrhea followed, after a period of weeks or months, by acute small intestinal obstruction, perforation, or bleeding. Because of the high mortality associated with MHI, suggestive symptomatology and investigations should, in the absence of a definitive diagnosis, lead to an urgent laparotomy with a view to chemotherapy if the diagnosis is made.

Biopsy↗