Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Hermanek

Publications and source records attributed to P Hermanek.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Bioptic diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (author's transl)].

A diagnostic flow diagramm is presented which allows to differentiate Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis. Colorectal biopsies do allow to make the diagnosis of Crohn's disease even if granulomas are absent. Intact goblet cells in the presence of neutrophil infiltration of the mucosa as well as discontinuous and disproportionate inflammatory changes are the most useful diagnostic criteria in the histology of Crohn's disease. Assessment of these histological abnormalities in carefully orientated and sectioned biopsy specimens is possible in most cases. This diagnostic scheme has been tested by four pathologists independently.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1978

[Results of treatment in early carcinoma of the stomach].

From 1961 to 1975, 53 patients were operated on for early carcinoma of the stomach, 24 or the total of 57 cancer sites being limited to the mucosa, 33 having already infiltrated into the submucosa. Macroscopically, most of them were ulcerative carcinoma, while histologically the intestinal type predominated. The cumulative five-year survival rate (excluding hospital deaths) was 86.5%, while after "typical" carcinoma resection by the Billroth II procedure with removal of the greater and lesser omentum it was 100% for mucosal and 93% for submucosal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

["Grading" and "staging". Significance for clinical oncology].

"Grading" and "staging" means histological classification of tumors, determination of the histological grade of malignancy, clinical and, if possible, surgical-evaluative or postoperative pathological TNM classification and stage classification of tumor patients. Grading and staging are necessary for prognosis, for evaluation of diagnostic standard, for statistical analysis of end results and for therapeutic decisions. The prerequisites for a modern cancer therapy are meticulous histological examination, exact morphological classification of tumor extension, and histological grading of tumors. Therefore, today's pathologist not only diagnosis cancer but also he has an important responsibility in determining the methods of cancer therapy in each individual patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

[Rectoscopic diagnosis of the height of rectal carcinoma (author's transl)].

In 100 excisions of the rectum at the Chirurgische Universitätsklinik Erlangen the height of the tumor determined preoperatively by rectoscopic diagnosis was compared directly to the real tumor location of the fresh and unfixed specimen. In up to 58% of the cases we found a distinct discrepancy between the height determined rectoscopically and the real location of the tumor. This result shows that the decision between excision and resection must never be made on the preoperative rectoscopic information, but that the indication must always depend on the intraoperative findings. This is especially true for the disputed cases of the middle third of the rectum.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical pathology. Current tasks and developmental trends].

An enormous increase of histological and cytological examination has been observed during recent years. Further, the examinations performed today have to be more extensive. In oncology, the trend runs towards an individualized therapy according to histomorphology, grade and stage. As a consequence the importance of surgical pathology is increasing. The surgical pathologist is engaged in applied research. This is necessary as well as basic research in pathology. In classical European pathology, the autopsy room is the central room of the institute. On the contrary, surgical pathology considers operating theaters and endoscopy rooms as focus. It has gained an importance and will continue to do so in the future.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Precancerous lesions in the gastrointestinal tract].

In the large intestine, the pathologist has to differentiate between multiple polyps and polyposis (more than 100 polyps), further between adenomatosis (coli) and non-neoplastic (tumorlike) polyposis. Without prophylactic colectomy, in about 80% of adenomatosis patients an evolution of cancer is observed. Patients with extensive or total ulcerative colitis and a long history have an increased risk for developing carcinoma. Precancerous dysplasia can be demonstrated in rectoscopic and/or colonoscopic biopsies. Cancers complicating adenomatosis or ulcerative colitis account for only a very small proportion of large bowel carcinoma. The "adenoma-cancer sequence" is of greater importance. Colorectal polyps should be removed endoscopically whenever possible. Most gastric polyps are non-neoplastic and have no carcinomatous potential. The true adenoma and the so-called borderline lesion only can be considered as precursor of the gastric carcinoma.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1978

Malignant melanoma: microstages and individualized therapy.

In the prognosis of malignant melanoma the clinical stage and the microstage are the most important factors. According to the microstage, malignant melanomas can be divided into low-risk and high-risk melanomas. The subungual-volar melanoma seems to be an exception. Irrespective of the microstage, the prognosis of this type is probably worse than that of other types of melanoma. In patients with clinical Stage I the therapy should be individualized. In a low-risk melanoma, a wide local excision is sufficient; in a high-risk melanoma an additional regional lymph node dissection appears to be indicated; and if the primary tumour is located on an extremity a hyperthermic perfusion is also called for.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Testicular cancer, histologic classification and staging, topography of lymph node metastases.

From the clinical point of view, histologic classification is intended to give suggestions for therapy (therapeutic classification) and to provide the basis for an assessment of end results (prognostic classification). In adults, the essential therapeutic question is: seminoma (only seminoma) or non-seminoma? The frequency of seminoma among the germinal testicular tumours influenced by the subtlety of the histologic examination. The histologic report should include the MOSTOFI (25) classification and the prognostic group classification of DIXON and MOORE (7). Staging of testicular cancer and criteria for the comparison of treatment results are discussed. The topography of lymphatic metastases of testicular cancer was investigated. The great majority of testicular cancers metastasize regularly, i.e., primarily into the testicular lymph center and/or along the testicular vein, and only secondarily in other lymph nodes. This provides a foundation for the increasing tendency to modified bilateral retroperitioneal node dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[On the diagnosis of colorectal polyps (author's transl)].

After colorectal polypectomy the further surgical therapy is based upon histomorphological features. In case of an adenoma with carcinoma, statements concerning classification, degree of differentiation (grade of malignancy), and depth of invasion are necessary. For the histopathological report a form is recommended. When completing this form all clinically essential informations are given.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical pathology and treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial tumors--a 10-year review (author's transl)].

Fifty-four patients with upper urinary tract urothelial tumors were treated from 1966 to 1975 at the Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. The neoplasms were multicentric in 13 patients (24%). All of the tumors were classified according to the WHO classification and the recommendation of the UICC. The correlations between histologic grade of malignancy and local spread are statistically significant. Lymph node metastases were found primarily with grade 3 tumors and infiltration into outer muscle layer. Nephroureterectomy with radical lymphadenomectomy via transabdominal approach and frozen-section histology of marginal nodes are recommended. The overall 5-year survival rate was 65% (+/- 16%) in all patients with malignant disease.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1977

[Regional lymph node metastases in renal cell cancer. Morphologic findings and clinical consequences (authors transl)].

With a uniform pathohistological technique of investigation the frequency of histological verified lymph node metastases in tumor nephrectomy depends on the surgical approach. Lymph node metastases were seen twice (6%) in 33 cases of lumbar nephrectomy, 22 times (17%) in 132 cases of abdomino-paracolic operations without systematic lymphadenectomy, 11 times (37%) in 30 abdomino-transplical nephrectomies with systematic lymphadenectomy. Primarily, one can expect lymph node metastases in case of infiltration of capsula adiposa, macroscopic invasion of veins, histologic grade 3 of malignancy, and/or if the tumor exceeds a size of 10 cm. Metastases are also possible in not enlarged and macroscopic normal lymph nodes. Without systematic dissection of the regional abdominal lymph nodes unknown regional lymph node metastases are likely to remain. Therefore, the treatment of choice in renal cell cancer is abdominal transplical nephrectomy with systematic lymphadenomectomy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

[Malignant struma. Pathological anatomy and functional properties. Discussion comments on the contribution of J. Thurner and G. Montano].

Many different classifications of thyroid tumors were employed during the last 50 years. In 1964 the WHO International Reference Centre for the Histological Classification of Thyroid Tumors was established, in 1974 the final version of "Histological Typing of Thyroid Tumours" was published by Chr. Hedinger in collaboration with L. H. Sobin and 11 pathologists in 9 countries ("WHO International Histological Classifications of Tumours No. 11").

Adult↗