Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Hermanek

Publications and source records attributed to P Hermanek.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Pathologic anatomy of polypoid processes of the colon and rectum].

Among the different polypous lesions the adenoma does have special importance because of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. A carcinoma of the colon should be diagnosed only when atypical epithelial formations can be found infiltrating the submucosa. The diagnosis of different stages of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence can definitely be established only by histological investigation of the polyp, which has been taken out completely. Endoscopic polypectomy has today a definite place in therapy of colorectal carcinoma, if selection criteria are strict, histological technique perfect, and postoperative follow-up regularly.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical therapy of stomach cancer-stagnation or progress? Results of 2665 stomach cancer patients].

The results of surgical therapy in 1165 patients with gastric cancer who underwent treatment between 1949 and 1964 are compared with those of 1500 patients who were operated on between 1969 and 1981. Special emphasis is placed on curability, operative methods and postoperative mortality. The 5-year survival rates of patients from the time periods 1950-1959 and 1969-1976 are compared. 1. The percentage of curatively treated patients increased significantly from 46,7% (1949-1964) to 57,0% (1969-1981). 2. The postoperative mortality after total gastrectomy was further reduced significantly: it was 25% from 1957-1964, but only 13% from 1976-1981. 3. The 5-year survival rate of all patients with gastric cancer increased significantly from 10% (1950-1959) to 17% (1969-1976). 4. The 5-year survival rate after curative operations increased from 22% to 30%; after curative distal partial gastrectomy from 22% to 42% and after curative total gastrectomy from 6% to 20%. 5. The median survival time after palliative operations without resection of the tumor was 3 months. Since 1977 more than one third of the patients who could not be treated curatively underwent resection of the tumor. The median survival time in this group is 6 months with improved quality of life.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1982

Human prostatic adenocarcinoma: comparative experimental treatment of the tumor line PC 82 in nude mice.

A human prostatic adenocarcinoma, growing as a transplantable line in nude mice, was subjected comparatively to the usual endocrine treatment schedules including orchiectomy, estrogens, estramustine phosphate, and a study with flutamide (SCH 13521) and cyproterone acetate. The regression under treatment in tumor volume and in the histological pattern in demonstrated, and the possibilities and limitations of the nude mouse model are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical pathology--the TNM system].

Carcinomas of the stomach can be divided into two clinicobiological entities: the intestinal and diffuse carcinoma (Laurén). These types differ with regard to epidemiology, etiology, spread, and prognosis. The intraoperative frozen section technique is very efficient and useful predominantly for intraoperative staging. pTNM classification and stage grouping (according to the rules of UICC), performed on resected tumors, are basic requirements for making a prognosis and evaluating the end results.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Incidence of local recurrence after curative operations for cancer of the rectum.

Between January 1, 1969 and December 31, 1979 a total of 248 patients with infiltrative carcinoma of the middle third of the rectum were treated curatively either by sphincter saving anterior resection (176/248) or by abdomino-perineal excision (72/248). The observed incidence of local recurrence was 21% (52/248). Among the tumor specific factors which influence the development of local recurrence the type of growth (insular - circular, exophytic - ulcerous) and the presence of lymph node metastases at the time of the primary operation proved to be statistically significant. Among the surgical factors a sufficient distal margin of safety in anterior resection could be shown to be of major importance. In order to minimize the risk of local recurrence the distal margin of safety should be at least three cm determined in the fresh operative specimen without tension. The type of operation, be it abdomino-perineal excision or anterior resection, has no influence on the incidence of local recurrence as long as a sufficient distal margin of safety is achieved during anterior resection.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Necessary extent of lymph node dissection in testicular tumours. A histopathological investigation.

The findings of a prospective topographic histopathological study of the lymphatic spread of testicular tumours are reported. The study includes 150 patients, 9 of whom were subjected to exploratory laparotomy while 141 patients underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Lymphatic spread occurs in accordance with a quite definite pattern, atypical metastases were observed in only 3 of the 150 patients. The material was analyzed with respect to the possibilities of using limited unilateral dissections. The results show that by observing appropriate safety precautions, including frozen section histology, limited unilateral dissections can be used more frequently.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Pathology of urological tumours--methods, functions, results (author's transl)].

The primary requirement of clinically-oriented tumour pathology is an accurate histological technique. Multiple-step sections are usually required in processing biopsies or lymph nodes. Furthermore, large block sections have proven to be very valuable. The intraoperative examination of frozen sections is of great importance for operations tailored to the specific situation. A new, automated histophotometric method for intraoperative diagnosis--which could be operated by auxiliary staff--is being put to trial at the present time. Basic requirements of modern tumour pathology are exact typing, grading and staging, as well as intensive participation in clinical cancer registration. Tumour pathology not only provides a reliable diagnosis, but also helps in making therapeutic decisions, establishing the prognosis in an individual case and in evaluating therapeutic results. New results of tumour pathology in renal cell cancer, carcinoma of the urinary bladder and testicular tumours form the basis of histology- and stage-oriented cancer treatment in urological tumours.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

[Surgery of Crohn's disease: a study of 155 patients after intestinal resection (author's transl)].

Operative mortality after intestinal resection in 155 patients with Crohn's disease was 8.4%. In 12 of 13 the cause of death was septic complications, most of them related to prolonged pre-operative cortisone medication. Follow-up examination was possible in 90% of all discharges. Five-year recurrence rate was 37.6%. Recurrence was not prevented by long-term drug treatment. Purely macroscopic assessment of the resection margins would have led to excision within diseased gut: for this reason frozen sections are recommended before the anastomosis is made. Primary death-rate in 30 cases of colectomy with primary ileorectostomy was 3%. In three patients the rectum had to be excised, while in one the anastomosis had to be taken down because of recurrence. The failure rate was thus only 11%. If rectoscopy, stepwise biopsy and intra-operative frozen section indicate a normal rectum it is recommended that ileorectostomy be done rather than diversion ileostomy with occlusion of the rectum or even proctocolectomy.

Colectomy↗
PubMed1981

[Prediction of local recurrences after surgery of carcinoma of the middle reticulum (author's transl)].

On the basis of completely and exactly documented follow-up data of 237 patients on whom carcinomas of the middle rectum were resected for cure, a multivariate statistical model was developed and the corresponding parameters were calculated. With this model the individual risk of local recurrences can be estimated after anterior resection with a small margin of clearance (11-30 mm on the fresh specimen without stretching), after anterior resection with a wide margin of clearance (more than 30 mm), and after excision of the rectum. Seven prognostic factors are taken into consideration that can be determined pre- and intraoperatively. Estimations of the risk of local recurrences on the basis of observed and documented follow-up data can be used as decisive factor for differential indication between restorative and excisional surgery on future patients. After anterior resection the risk of local recurrences is calculated according to macroscopic findings on the specimen and to frozen section histology. If the risks in anterior resection and excision are approximately equal, the resection is ended by anastomosis; otherwise the operation will be extended to excision of the rectum. This statistical model enables the surgeon to select the proper operative procedure for each individual situation (histology- and stage-adapted surgery).

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Restorative surgery for cancer of the rectum (author's transl)].

Sphincter-saving operations in cancer of the rectum are possible in 60%-70%. The definitive decision for a sphincter-saving rectum resection or a local tumor excision is based upon the results of an exact histological examination. Strict clinical and histopathological selection of patients and observance of certain safeguards are necessary. when comparing the time periods 1969-1973 and 1974-1978, 5-year survival after curative surgical therapy has increased from 50.2 +/- 7.7% to 60.7 +/- 7.6% during the same period of time the proportion of restorative surgery has risen from 17%-64%.

Colostomy↗